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1、.HistoryEnglishentrepreneurMichaelAldrichinventedonlineshoppingin1979?HissystemconnectedamodifieddomesticTVtoareal-timetransactionprocessingcomputerviaadomestictelephoneline?Hebelievedthatvideotex,themodifieddomesticTVtechnologywithasimplemenu-drivenhuman-computerinterface,wasa
2、'new,universallyapplicable,participativecommunicationmedium一thefirstsincetheinventionofthetelephone/Thisenabled'closed'corporateinformationsystemstobeopenedto'outside'correspondentsnotjustfortransactionprocessingbutalsofore-messagingandinformationretrievalanddissemin且tion,later
3、knownase-business?Hisdefinitionofthenewmasscommunicationsmediumasfparticipative'wasfundamentallydifferentfromthetraditionaldefinitionsofmasscommunicationandmassmediaandaprecursortothesocialnetworkingontheInternet25yearslater.InMarch1980hewentontolaunchRedifon'sOfficeRevolution,
4、whichallowedconsumers,customers,agents,distributors,suppliersandservicecompaniestobeconnectedon-linetothecorporatesystemsandallowbusinesstransactionstobecompletedelectronicallyinreal-time.Advantages1?ConvenienceOnlinestoresareusuallyavailable24hoursaday,andmanyconsumershaveInte
5、rnetaccessbothatworkandathome?Otherestablishmentssuchasinternetcafesandschoolsprovideinternetaccessaswell.Incontrast,visitingaconventionalretailstorerequiresti?且velandmusttakeplaceduringbusinesshours.Intheeventofaproblemwiththeitem(e.g.,theproductwasnotwhattheconsumerordered,th
6、eproductwasnotsatisfactory),consumersareconcernedwiththeeaseofreturninganiteminexchangeforeitherthecorrectproductorarefund.Consumersmayneedtocontacttheretailer,visitthepostofficeandpayreturnshipping,andthenwaitfor且replacementorrefund.Someonlinecompanieshavemoregenerousreturnpol
7、iciestocompensateforthetraditionaladvantageofphysicalstores?Forexample,theonlineshoeretailerZappos.comincludeslabelsforfreereturnshipping,anddoesnotchargearestockingfee,evenforreturnswhicharenottheresuItofmerchanterror.(Note:IntheUnitedKingdom,onlineshopsareprohibitedfromchargi
8、ngarestockingfeeiftheconsumercancelstheirorderinaccord