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1、2015年1月農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào)第46卷第1期doi:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.022*污灌農(nóng)田土壤-作物體系重金屬污染評(píng)價(jià)11,2211龐妍同延安梁連友吉普輝唐希望(1.西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)資源環(huán)境學(xué)院,陜西楊凌712100;2.農(nóng)業(yè)部西北植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)與農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,陜西楊凌712100)摘要:對(duì)陜西省西安市污灌區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤、小麥和蔬菜等農(nóng)作物樣品的Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn含量進(jìn)行了測(cè)定。結(jié)果表明,研究區(qū)土壤Cd、Pb平均值高于西安市和陜西省土壤背景值,Cu、Zn平均值高于陜西省土壤背景值。相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果顯示,
2、土壤Cd和Pb呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,Zn與Cr、Cu分別呈顯著和極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。結(jié)合主成分分析可知,土壤Cd和Pb主要受人為因素影響,Cr、Cu、Zn主要受成土母質(zhì)影響。潛在生態(tài)危害指數(shù)法和內(nèi)梅羅污染指數(shù)法的結(jié)果均表明污灌區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤Cd已達(dá)到最強(qiáng)污染級(jí)別。污灌區(qū)小麥樣品中Cr、Pb超標(biāo)率分別到達(dá)70.00%和80.00%,茄果類蔬菜Cd、Cr和Pb超標(biāo)率分別為66.67%、100%和66.67%,花菜類和葉菜類中Cd、Cr和Pb超標(biāo)率均為100%。建議污灌區(qū)盡量避免種植重金屬轉(zhuǎn)移系數(shù)高的花菜類和葉菜類蔬菜,并對(duì)含Cd污水經(jīng)過(guò)嚴(yán)格處理后再用于灌溉。關(guān)
3、鍵詞:污灌農(nóng)田土壤作物重金屬潛在生態(tài)危害指數(shù)法內(nèi)梅羅污染指數(shù)法中圖分類號(hào):X825文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1000-1298(2015)01-0148-07AssessmentofHeavyMetalPollutioninSoil-CropSystemonSewageIrrigatedFarmland11,2211PangYanTongYan'anLiangLianyouJiPuhuiTangXiwang(1.CollegeofNatureResourceandEnvironment,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling
4、,Shaanxi712100,China2.KeyLaboratoryofPlantNutritionandAgri-environmentinNorthwestChina,MOA,Yangling,Shaanxi712100,China)Abstract:TheconcentrationsofCd,Cr,Cu,Pb,Zninsoil,wheatandvegetablesamplesfromsewageirrigatedfarmlandinXi’an,ShaanxiProvince,weredetermined.Resultsindicatedt
5、hataveragecontentsofCdandPbintheresearchareawerehigherthansoilbackgroundvaluesinXi’anandShaanxiProvince,respectively,andtheaveragecontentsofCuandZnwerehigherthansoilbackgroundvaluesinShaanxiProvince,respectively.SignificantlypositivecorrelationwasfoundbetweenCdandPbinsoils,wh
6、ilehighlysignificantpositivecorrelationwasfoundamongCr,CuandZn,respectively.TheprincipalcomponentanalysisshowedCdandPbinsoilswereassociatedwithanthropogenicactivities,whereasCr,CuandZnwerepredominantlycontrolledbyparentmaterial.Thequalityofsoilswereevaluatedwithpotentialecolo
7、gicalriskindexandNemerowpollutionindex,however,bothoftheresultsshowedthatCdwasthemajorpollutionelementinsoil.Inthestudyareas,exceedingratesofCrandPbinwheatsampleswereupto70.00%and80.00%,respectively;exceedingratesofCd,Cr,Pbinfruitvegetablesampleswere66.67%,100%and66.67%,respe
8、ctively;andexceedingratesofCd,Cr,Pbinflowerandleafvegetablessamplesw