[文學(xué)]新古典主義時(shí)期

《[文學(xué)]新古典主義時(shí)期》由會(huì)員上傳分享，免費(fèi)在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫(kù)。

1、NeoclassicalPeriod(1688-1798)HistoricalbackgroundMajorwritersLiteraturetermsTheNeoclassicalPeriod----theperiodinEnglishliteraturebetweenthereturnofStuartstotheEnglishthronein1660andthefullassertionofRomanticismwhichcamewiththepublicationofLyricalBalladsbyWordsworthin1978.Historicalbackg

2、round1.It’saturbulentperiod:a.GreatpoliticalandsocialeventsweretheRestorationofKingCharlesIIin1660.b.theGreatPlague（大瘟疫,指1665年流行于倫敦的鼠疫）of1665whichtook70000livesinLondonalone.c.theGreatLondonFirewhichdestroyedalargepartofthecity,leavingtwo-thirdsofthepopulationhomeless.d.theGloriousRevolu

3、tioninwhichKingJamesIIwasreplacedbyhisprotestantdaughterMaryandherDutchhusbandWilliam,dukeofOrange,in1689.Therewasconstantstrifebetweenthemonarchandtheparliament,betweenthetwobigparties—theToriesandWhigs—overthecontroloftheparliamentandgovernment,betweenopposingreligioussectssuchastheRom

4、anCatholicism,theAnglicanChurch（英國(guó)國(guó)教等于ChurchofEngland）andtheDissenters(異議者

5、不奉國(guó)教者

6、不同意者),betweentherulingclassandthelaboringpoor,etc.Inshort,itwasanagefullofconflictsanddivergence(disagreement)ofvalues.e.theconstitutionalmonarchy(君主立憲制度)cameintobeingasacompromisebetweenthebourgeoisieandthe

7、aristocrats---themonarchwasdeprivedofrulingpower,ParliamenthadmoresayTheTory(保守托利黨)andtheWhig（自由輝格黨）2.Abroad:TheeighteenthcenturysawthefastdevelopmentofEnglandasanation,avastexpansionofBritishcoloniesinNorthAmerica,India,theWestIndies,andacontinuousincreaseofcolonialwealthandtradeprovide

8、dEnglandwithamarketforwhichthesmall-scalehandproductionmethodsofthehomeindustrywerehardlyadequate.Towardsthemiddleoftheeighteenthcentury,Englandhadbecomethefirstpowerfulcapitalistcountryintheworld.TheBritishbourgeoisormiddleclassalsogrewrapidly.ItwasthemajorforceoftheRevolutionandwasmain

9、lycomposedofcitypeople.3.literaturecharacter:theEnlightenmentMovementbroughtaboutarevivalofinterestintheoldclassicalworks.Thistendencyisknownasneoclassicism(新古典主義).Accordingtotheneoclassicists,allformsofliteratureweretobemodeledaftertheclassicalworksoftheancientGreekandRo