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1、WelcomeLet’splayasmallgameOneandoneistwo.Theteachersaid“oneandoneistwo.”DiaoyuIslandbelongstoChina.Theteachersaid“DiaoyuIslandbelongstoChina.”TheteachersaidDiaoyuIslandbelongstoChina.Theteachersaidoneandoneistwo.Directspeech直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)&indirectspeechGrammar直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)直接引用別人的原話(huà)叫做直接
2、引語(yǔ)，直接引語(yǔ)通常置于引號(hào)內(nèi)。例如：Marysaid“Whatareyoudoing?”用自己的話(huà)轉(zhuǎn)述別人的意思，或引用自己說(shuō)過(guò)的話(huà)，叫做間接引語(yǔ)。間接引語(yǔ)一般用賓語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表達(dá)。例如：MaryaskedwhatIwasdoing.Observing&Finding1.“Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary.”saidAnne.Annesaid(that)shedidn’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary.2.“Doesafriendalwayshavetobeape
3、rson?”thewriterasksus.Thewriterasksusif/whetherafriendalwayshastobeaperson.3.Tomaskedme,“Canyoucomeornotnow?”TomaskedmewhetherIcouldgoornotthen.4.Marysaidtome,“Whatdoyoulike?”MaryaskedmewhatIliked.5.Theteachersaidtotheboy,“Openthewindow.”Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow.直接引
4、語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)需注意：1、引導(dǎo)詞的選用陳述句用that引導(dǎo)，that可省略；一般疑問(wèn)句用if/whether引導(dǎo)；選擇疑問(wèn)句用whether…ornot引導(dǎo)；特殊疑問(wèn)句用原特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)；祈使句變成ask/tellsbtodosth2、使用陳述句語(yǔ)序3、某些成分的變化與不變8變4不變①標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的變化：引號(hào)去掉，結(jié)尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)變句號(hào)。Lilysaidtome,“DoyoulikelearningEnglish?”Lilyaskedmewhether/ifIlikedlearningEnglish.Mothersaidtome,“Watchthesteps!”
5、Mothertoldmetowatchthesteps.人稱(chēng)的變化口訣說(shuō)明直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一隨主二隨賓三不變引號(hào)內(nèi)的第一人稱(chēng)變間接引語(yǔ)后與主句主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)保持一致引號(hào)內(nèi)的第二人稱(chēng)變間接引語(yǔ)后與主句賓語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)保持一致引號(hào)內(nèi)的第三人稱(chēng)在變間接引語(yǔ)后人稱(chēng)不變Shesaid,“Iliketennis.”Shesaidthatshelikedtennis.HesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim”Shetoldme
6、thattheywantedtohelphim.一隨主，二隨賓，三不變轉(zhuǎn)述動(dòng)詞的變化e.g.⑴Mothersaidtome,“Idon’tknow.”Mothertoldmethatshedidn’tknow.即say/said（陳述句）變?yōu)閠ell/told⑵Fathersaidtome,“Doyoucomebacktoday?”FatheraskedmewhetherIwentbackthatday.即say/said(疑問(wèn)句)變?yōu)閍sk/asked時(shí)態(tài)的變化：引號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞按遞減規(guī)律變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。e.g.Tomsaid,“Ilikeswim
7、ming.”Tomsaidthathelikedswimming.Marksaidtome,“Iwilldoit.”Marktoldmethathewoulddoit.直接引語(yǔ)directspeech間接引語(yǔ)indirectspeech一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)（不變）nowthentodaythatdaytonightthatnightagobefore/earlier（之前，早些時(shí)候）yesterdaythedaybeforelastnightthen
8、ightbeforetomorrowthenext/followingday(第二天)nextweekthenext/fo
