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1、外文翻譯8原文IncreaseinCommodityPricesandIt’sImpactingonGenderMaterialSource:GenderandtradeAuthor:ParthapratimPalInternationalcommoditypricesareonamajorupswingsincethelastfewyears.IMFindexofcrudeoilprices(base2005=100)increasedfromavalueofaround36inJanuary2002tomorethan230inMay2008.No
2、n-fuelpriceindex(whichincludefoodandindustrialinputpriceindices)andthe‘FoodandBeverages’priceindexhavealsoincreasedquitesignificantlyoverthesameperiod(Figure1).Whatisnotablefromthefigureisthatthecurrentincreasehascomeafteraperiodoflowandsometimesdeclininginternationalcommoditypr
3、ices.Closerinspectionofinternationalcommoditypricesdatarevealthatthecurrentcommoditypriceboomhasbeenbroadbasedaspricesofthreemajorcommoditygroups—metals,foods,andagriculturalrawmaterials—havebeenjointlyboomingsinceearly2005.ArecentIMFstudyindicatesthatthecurrentboomislikelytobes
4、ustained.Itsays:“Insum,thecomparisonofthecurrentcommoditypriceboomwithearlieronessuggeststhatthecurrentboomhasbeenmorebroad-basedandlongerlastingandthatpriceshaverisenbymorethanusual.”(IMF2008,pp9)2.Anumberoffactorshavecontributedtothisincreaseincommodityprices.Theincreaseinfuel
5、priceshasbeentriggeredbylargeincreasesindemandforfuelfrombothdevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Apartfromthat,thereareusualsuspicionsthatissueslikeOPECnotincreasingoilproduction,speculationwithoilpricesandsomecountrieshoardingoil,maybehavinganupwardpressureonoilprices.Increaseinfue
6、lpriceshasledtoanincreaseddemandforalternativefuelsandasaresult,overthepastfewyears,therehasbeenasignificantincreaseinbio-fuelproductionintheworld.AccordingtofiguresquotedbytheWorldBank,globalEthanolproductionhasincreasedfromabout4,500millionGallonsin2000to8around13,500millionga
7、llonsin2007.Increaseinbio-fuelproductionhaseatenintofood-grainsproductioninsomecountries.Coupledwiththis,poorweatherinanumberofmajorfoodexporterslikeAustraliaandUkrainehasledtoaproductionshortfalloffood3.Astherehasbeenincreaseddemandforfoodfromhighgrowthinanumberofdevelopingcoun
8、tries,amajorsupplydemandmismatchhashappenedinth
