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1、MaterialMovementinaLeanManufacturingOperation優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)中的物流活動TotalSystemsDevelopment全體系生產(chǎn)提高JIT生產(chǎn)(準時,準量生產(chǎn)):Whatismeantbytheterm,“Just-In-Time”?JIT生產(chǎn)意味著什么?DoesitmeanJITSupply?準時,準量供應(yīng)?DoesitmeanJITProduction?準時,準量生產(chǎn)?So,whatisJust-In-Time?那么,什么是準時準量生產(chǎn)?Theconceptofproducingt
2、henecessaryunitsinthenecessaryquantitiesatthenecessarytimeisdescribedbytheshort-phrase“Just-In-Time”.JIT生產(chǎn)是:在必需時間內(nèi)生產(chǎn)必需數(shù)量的必需部品的概念.Forexample….Inbuildingshoes:Thenecessarysubassembliesoftheproceedingprocess(uppersandbottoms)shouldarriveattheassemblylineatthetimeneed
3、edintheamountsneeded.舉例說明:在生產(chǎn)成品鞋的時候:制鞋所必需的部件(鞋幫和鞋底)要準時,準量,準型號地到達制造車間.IfweachieveJIT:如果我們做到準時,準量生產(chǎn):Unnecessaryinventorieswillbeeliminated.不必要的庫存就會消除Storesandwarehouseswillnotbeneeded.儲存區(qū)和倉庫也可以取消Materialcarryingcostswillbediminished.資材搬運成本降低However….Torelysolelyonac
4、entralplanningapproachthatinstructstheproductionschedulestoallprocessessimultaneouslyisnotlikelytoresultinaJITprocessforalloperations.但是:單純地依賴計劃生產(chǎn)的方法,使所有工序同步生產(chǎn),并不能完全實現(xiàn)所有環(huán)節(jié)的準時,準量生產(chǎn).TransferWasherAssemblyMachining加工Welding焊接Assembly組裝Shipping裝船WeeklySchedule每周生產(chǎn)計劃Ty
5、pically,onecontroloperationreceivesthecustomers’ordersanddisseminatesschedules.通常,生產(chǎn)控制部門接受客戶定單,然后制訂并傳達計劃.ProductionControl生產(chǎn)控制TransferWasherAssemblyMachining加工Welding焊接Assembly組裝Shipping裝船WeeklySchedule每周生產(chǎn)計劃ProductionControl生產(chǎn)控制IIIIIITheproblemcomeswhenachangeism
6、adeeitherbecausetheorderchangesorequipmentbreaksdown.但是當定單有變化或設(shè)備出現(xiàn)問題的時候,就會發(fā)生一些問題:庫存庫存庫存庫存Theresultisexcessinventory…結(jié)果是導致過多的庫存……withintheplantasWork-In-Process…在本車間工序內(nèi)積壓過多的庫存…supplierssendinginpartsthatarenotneeded…上一道工序發(fā)來的并不需要的部件Additionally另外,Weneedextrafloorspa
7、cetostorethematerial.我們需要額外的空間來堆放材料Needexpeditorstosatisfythechangesinschedule.需要人力和時間投入來改變生產(chǎn)計劃Runovertimetomakeuppartsthatwenowneed.用加班時間來生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)在所需部件Toyotarethoughthowtocommunicateschedules.豐田公司對調(diào)整生產(chǎn)計劃做了改進:Toyotadiscoveredadifferentwaytomanagetheirschedule,豐田使用不同的方法
8、來制訂調(diào)整生產(chǎn)計劃Theystoppedtryingtoguesswhatthecustomerwillwant.他們并不去猜想客戶的需求Instead相反..Eachdepartmenthadinstalledasmallinventoryofeachproduct.每個車間都保持少量的庫存Downs