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1、MaterialMovementinaLeanManufacturingOperation優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)中的物流活動(dòng)TotalSystemsDevelopment全體系生產(chǎn)提高JIT生產(chǎn)(準(zhǔn)時(shí),準(zhǔn)量生產(chǎn)):Whatismeantbytheterm,“Just-In-Time”?JIT生產(chǎn)意味著什么?DoesitmeanJITSupply?準(zhǔn)時(shí),準(zhǔn)量供應(yīng)?DoesitmeanJITProduction?準(zhǔn)時(shí),準(zhǔn)量生產(chǎn)?So,whatisJust-In-Time?那么,什么是準(zhǔn)時(shí)準(zhǔn)量生產(chǎn)?Theconceptofproducingthenecessaryu
2、nitsinthenecessaryquantitiesatthenecessarytimeisdescribedbytheshort-phrase“Just-In-Time”.JIT生產(chǎn)是:在必需時(shí)間內(nèi)生產(chǎn)必需數(shù)量的必需部品的概念.Forexample….Inbuildingshoes:Thenecessarysubassembliesoftheproceedingprocess(uppersandbottoms)shouldarriveattheassemblylineatthetimeneededintheamountsneeded.舉例說
3、明:在生產(chǎn)成品鞋的時(shí)候:制鞋所必需的部件(鞋幫和鞋底)要準(zhǔn)時(shí),準(zhǔn)量,準(zhǔn)型號(hào)地到達(dá)制造車間.IfweachieveJIT:如果我們做到準(zhǔn)時(shí),準(zhǔn)量生產(chǎn):Unnecessaryinventorieswillbeeliminated.不必要的庫(kù)存就會(huì)消除Storesandwarehouseswillnotbeneeded.儲(chǔ)存區(qū)和倉(cāng)庫(kù)也可以取消Materialcarryingcostswillbediminished.資材搬運(yùn)成本降低However….Torelysolelyonacentralplanningapproachthatinstructst
4、heproductionschedulestoallprocessessimultaneouslyisnotlikelytoresultinaJITprocessforalloperations.但是：?jiǎn)渭兊匾蕾囉?jì)劃生產(chǎn)的方法,使所有工序同步生產(chǎn)，并不能完全實(shí)現(xiàn)所有環(huán)節(jié)的準(zhǔn)時(shí)，準(zhǔn)量生產(chǎn).TransferWasherAssemblyMachining加工Welding焊接Assembly組裝Shipping裝船WeeklySchedule每周生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃Typically,onecontroloperationreceivesthecustomers’
5、ordersanddisseminatesschedules.通常，生產(chǎn)控制部門接受客戶定單，然后制訂并傳達(dá)計(jì)劃.ProductionControl生產(chǎn)控制TransferWasherAssemblyMachining加工Welding焊接Assembly組裝Shipping裝船WeeklySchedule每周生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃ProductionControl生產(chǎn)控制IIIIIITheproblemcomeswhenachangeismadeeitherbecausetheorderchangesorequipmentbreaksdown.但是當(dāng)定單有變
6、化或設(shè)備出現(xiàn)問題的時(shí)候，就會(huì)發(fā)生一些問題：庫(kù)存庫(kù)存庫(kù)存庫(kù)存Theresultisexcessinventory…結(jié)果是導(dǎo)致過多的庫(kù)存……withintheplantasWork-In-Process…在本車間工序內(nèi)積壓過多的庫(kù)存…supplierssendinginpartsthatarenotneeded…上一道工序發(fā)來的并不需要的部件Additionally另外,Weneedextrafloorspacetostorethematerial.我們需要額外的空間來堆放材料Needexpeditorstosatisfythechangesinsc
7、hedule.需要人力和時(shí)間投入來改變生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃Runovertimetomakeuppartsthatwenowneed.用加班時(shí)間來生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)在所需部件Toyotarethoughthowtocommunicateschedules.豐田公司對(duì)調(diào)整生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃做了改進(jìn):Toyotadiscoveredadifferentwaytomanagetheirschedule,豐田使用不同的方法來制訂調(diào)整生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃Theystoppedtryingtoguesswhatthecustomerwillwant.他們并不去猜想客戶的需求Instead相反..Each
8、departmenthadinstalledasmallinventoryofeachproduct.每個(gè)車間都保持少量的庫(kù)存Downs
