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新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)1）leave的用法1.“l(fā)eave+地點(diǎn)”表示“離開某地”。例如：WhendidyouleaveShanghai?你什么時(shí)候離開上海的？
11."leavefor+地點(diǎn)”表示“動(dòng)身去某地”。例如：NextFriday,AliceisleavingforLondon.下周五，愛(ài)麗斯要去倫敦了。2.“l(fā)eave+地點(diǎn)+for+地點(diǎn)”表示“離開某地去某地"。例如：WhyareyouleavingShanghaiforBeijing?你為什么要離開上海去北京?2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should“應(yīng)該”學(xué)會(huì)使用should作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用，常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等，有“竟會(huì)”的意思，例如：HowshouldIknow?我怎么知道？Whyshouldyoubesolatetoday?你今天為什么來(lái)得這么晚？should有時(shí)表示應(yīng)當(dāng)做或發(fā)生的事，例如：Weshouldhelpeachother.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)互相幫助。我們?cè)谑褂脮r(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.用于表示“應(yīng)該”或“不應(yīng)該”的概念。此時(shí)常指長(zhǎng)輩教導(dǎo)或責(zé)備晚輩。例如：Youshouldbeherewithcleanhands.你應(yīng)該把手洗干凈了再來(lái)。2.用于提出意見勸導(dǎo)別人。例如：Youshouldgotothedoctorifyoufeelill.如果你感覺(jué)不舒服，你最好去看醫(yī)生。3.用于表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現(xiàn)的考點(diǎn)之一。例如：Weshouldarrivebysuppertime.我們?cè)谕盹埱熬湍艿搅?。Sheshouldbehereanymoment.她隨時(shí)都可能來(lái)。3）What.??？與Which.?.？1.what與which都是疑問(wèn)代詞，都可以指人或事物，但是what僅用來(lái)詢問(wèn)職業(yè)。如：Whatisyourfather?你父親是干什么的？該句相當(dāng)于：Whatdoesyourfatherdo?=Whatisyourfather*sjob?Which指代的是特定范圍內(nèi)的某一個(gè)人。如：-—WhichisPeter?哪個(gè)是皮特？TheboybehindMary.瑪麗背后的那個(gè)男孩。2.What...?是泛指，所指的事物沒(méi)有范圍的限制；而Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范圍的限制。如：Whatcolordoyoulikebest?（所有顏色）你最喜愛(ài)什么顏色？Whichcolordoyoulikebest,blue,greenoryellow?你最喜愛(ài)哪一種顏色？（有特定的范圍）3.what與which后都可以接單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。如：WhichpicturesarefromChina?哪些圖片來(lái)自中國(guó)？4）頻度副詞的位置1.常見的頻度副詞有以下這些：always（總是，一直）sometimes（有時(shí)候）usually（通常）never（從不）often（常常，經(jīng)常）2.頻度副詞的位置：a.放在連系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面“如：Davidisoftenarriveslateforschool.大衛(wèi)上學(xué)經(jīng)常遲到。b.放在行為動(dòng)詞前。如：Weusuallygotoschoolat7:10everyday.我們每天經(jīng)常在7：10去上學(xué)。
2c.有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾，用來(lái)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)如：SometimesIwalkhome,sometimeIrideabike.有時(shí)我步行回家，有時(shí)我騎自行車。1.never放在句首時(shí)，主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要倒裝。如：NeverhaveIbeenthere.我從沒(méi)到過(guò)那兒。5）everyday與everyday1.everyday作狀語(yǔ)，譯為"每一天"。如：Wegotoschoolat7:10everyday.我們每天7：10去上學(xué)。IdecidetoreadEnglisheveryday.我決定每天讀英語(yǔ)。2.everyday作定語(yǔ)，譯為“日常的”。ShewatcheseverydayEnglishonTVafterdinner.她晚飯后在電視上看日常英語(yǔ)。What'syoureverydayactivity?你的日?；顒?dòng)是什么？6）什么是助動(dòng)詞L協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞組的詞叫助動(dòng)詞（AuxiliaryVerb）e被協(xié)助的動(dòng)詞稱作主要?jiǎng)釉~（MainVerb）0助動(dòng)詞自身沒(méi)有詞義，不可單獨(dú)使用，例如：Hedoesn,tlikeEnglish.他不喜歡英語(yǔ)。（doesn't是助動(dòng)詞，無(wú)義；like是主要?jiǎng)釉~，有義）3.助動(dòng)詞協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~完成以下功用，可以用來(lái)：a.表示時(shí)態(tài)，例如：Heissinging.他在唱歌。Hehasgotmarried.他已結(jié)婚。b.表示語(yǔ)態(tài),例如：HewassenttoEngland.他被派往英國(guó)。c.構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句，例如：Doyoulikecollegelife?你喜歡大學(xué)生活嗎？DidyoustudyEnglishbeforeyoucamehere?你來(lái)這兒之前學(xué)過(guò)英語(yǔ)嗎?d.與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定句，例如：Idon'tlikehim.我不喜歡他。e.加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，例如：Docometothepartytomorrowevening.明天晚上一定來(lái)參加晚會(huì)。Hedidknowthat.他的確知道那件事。4.最常用的助動(dòng)詞有：be,have,do,shall,will,should,would7）forgetdoing/todo與rememberdoing/todo1.forgettodo忘記要去做某事（未做）；forgetdoing忘記做過(guò)某事（已做）Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Heforgottoturnitoff.辦公室的燈還在亮著，它忘記關(guān)了。（沒(méi)有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作）Heforgotturningthelightoff.他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈了。（已做過(guò)關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作）Don'tforgettocometomorrow.別忘了明天來(lái)。（tocome動(dòng)作未做）典型例題Thelightintheofficeisstillon.
3Oh,Iforgot?A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff答案：Co由thelightisstillon可知燈亮著，即關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作沒(méi)有發(fā)生，因此用forgettodosth.而forgetdoingsth表示燈已經(jīng)關(guān)上了，而自己忘記了這?事實(shí)。此處不符合題意。1.remembertodo記得去做某事（未做）；rememberdoing記得做過(guò)某事（已做）Remembertogotothepostofficeafterschool.記著放學(xué)后去趟郵局。Don'tyourememberseeingthemanbefore?你不記得以前見過(guò)那個(gè)人嗎？7）It'sforsb.和It'sofsb.1.forsb.常用于表示事物的特征特點(diǎn)，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如：easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等：It*sveryhardforhimtostudytwolanguages.對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)兩門外語(yǔ)是很難的。2.ofsb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞，如：good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,rightoIt'sveryniceofyoutohelpme.你來(lái)幫助我，你真是太好了。3.for與of的辨別方法：用介詞后面的代詞作主語(yǔ)，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語(yǔ)，造個(gè)句子。如果道理上通順用of,不通則用for。如：Youarenice.（通順，所以應(yīng)用of）。Heishard.（人是困難的，不通，因此應(yīng)用for。）9）對(duì)兩個(gè)句子的提問(wèn)新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)在命題中有將對(duì)句子劃線提問(wèn)這一題型取消的趨勢(shì)，現(xiàn)在采取的作法是對(duì)一個(gè)句子進(jìn)行自由提問(wèn)。例如：句子：Theboyinbluehasthreepens.提問(wèn)：1.Whohasthreepens?2.Whichboyhasthreepens?3.Whatdoestheboyinbluehave?4.Howmanypensdoestheboyinbluehave?很顯然，學(xué)生多了更多的回答角度，也體現(xiàn)了考試的靈活性。再如：句子：Heusuallygoestotheparkwithhisfriendsat8:00onSunday.提問(wèn)：1.Whousuallygoestotheparkwithhisfriendsat8:00onSunday?2.Wheredoesheusuallygowithhisfriendsat8:00onSunday?3.Whatdoesheusuallydowithhisfriendsat8:00onSunday?4.Withwhomdoesheusuallygototheparkat8:00onSunday?5.WhattimedoesheusuallygototheparkwithhisfriendsonSunday?6.Whendoesheusuallygototheparkwithhisfriends?10）so.such與不定冠詞的使用1.so與不定冠詞a、an連用，結(jié)構(gòu)為“so+形容詞+a/an+名詞”。如：Heissofunnyaboy.
4Jimhassobigahouse.1.such與不定冠詞a、an連用，結(jié)構(gòu)為“such+a/an+形容詞+名詞”。如:Itissuchaniceday.Thatwassuchaninterestingstory.11）使用-ing分詞的幾種情況1.在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。如：HeiswatchingTVintheroom.Theyweredancingatnineo'clocklastnight.2.在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：Thereisaboyswimmingintheriver.3.在havefun/problems結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：WehavefunlearningEnglishthisterm.Theyhadproblemsgettingtothetopofthemountain.4.在介詞后面。如：Thanksforhelpingme.Areyougoodatplayingbasketball?5.在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中enjoydoingsth樂(lè)于做某事feellikedoingsth想要做某事forgetdoingsth忘記做過(guò)某事rememberdoingsth記得做過(guò)某事keepsbdoingsth使某人一直做某事finishdoingsth完成做某事stopdoingsth停止做某事goondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事likedoingsth喜歡做某事findsbdoingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事see/hear/watchsbdoingsth看到/聽到/觀看某人做某事trydoingsth試圖做某事preferdoingsth寧愿做某事missdoingsth錯(cuò)過(guò)做某事bebusydoingsth忙于做某事needdoingsth需要做某事minddoingsth介意做某事practicedoingsth練習(xí)做某can'thelpdoingsth禁不住做某事12）英語(yǔ)中的“單數(shù)”L主語(yǔ)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即可用“he,she,it”代替的。如：he,she,it,myfriend,histeacher,ourclassroom,Tom,Mary*suncle2.名詞有單數(shù)名詞和復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：man（單數(shù)）—men（復(fù)數(shù)）banana（單數(shù)）bananas（復(fù)數(shù)）3.動(dòng)詞有原形，第三人稱單數(shù)形式，-ing分詞，過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞。如：go—goesgoing—went—gonework—works—working—worked—workedwatchwatches—watchingwatchedwatched當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用相應(yīng)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如：Theboywantstobeasalesassistant.OurEnglishteacherisfromtheUS.Theirdaughtermakesherbreakfastallbyherself.13）名詞的復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成的幾種形式名詞復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成可分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。I名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化
51.一般在名詞詞尾加-So如:pearpearshamburger—hamburgersdeskdeskstree—trees2.以字母-s,~sh,-ch,-x結(jié)尾的名詞，詞尾加-es。如：classclassesdishdishesboxboxeswatchwatches3.以字母-o結(jié)尾的某些名詞，詞尾加-es。如:potato—potatoesNegroNegroestomato—tomatoesheroheroes4.以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的名詞,將-y變?yōu)?i,再加-es。如：familyfamiliesdictionary—dictionariescity—citiescountry—countries5.以字母-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞，將-f或-fe變?yōu)?v,再加-es。如:halfhalvesleafleavesthiefthievesknifeknivesself—selveswife—wiveslifeliveswolf—wolvesshelfshelvesloafloaves但是：scarf—scarves(fes)roof—roofsserf—serfsgulf—gulfschief—chiefsbelief—beliefsproof—proofs名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化1.將-oo改為一eeo如：foot—feet2.將-man改為-men。如：tooth—teethman—menwoman—womenpoliceman—policemen3.添加詞尾。如：child—children4.單復(fù)數(shù)同形。如：sheep—sheeppostman—postmendeerdeerpeople—peoplefish—fish5,表示“某國(guó)人”的單、復(fù)數(shù)變化。即“中日瑞不變英法變，其它國(guó)把-s加后面”。如:Chinese—ChineseJapanese—JapaneseSwiss—SwissEnglishman—EnglishmenAmericanAmericansCanadianCanadiansRussian—Russians6.其它。如：mouse-■—mice老鼠Frenchman—FrenchmenAustralian—AustraliansKorean—KoreansIndian—Indiansappletree—appletreesmanteachermenteachers14）雙寫最后一個(gè)字母的-ing分詞初中階段常見的有以下這些：1.let—letting讓forgetforgetting忘記hit->hitting打、撞put-*putting放cut-*cutting切、割setfsetting設(shè)置
6getfgetting取、得到babysit—babysittingsitfsitting坐臨時(shí)受雇照顧嬰兒2.shop-*shopping購(gòu)物stopfstopping停止trip-stripping絆drop—dropping放棄3.travel-*travel(1)ing旅游begin-*beginning開始swim-*swimming游泳prefer-*preferring寧愿run->running跑步planfplanning計(jì)劃digfdigging挖、掘15）肯定句變否定句及疑問(wèn)句要變化的一些詞1.some變?yōu)閍ny。如：Therearesomebirdsinthetree,fTherearen'tanybirdsinthetree.但是，若在表示請(qǐng)邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求的句子中，some可以不變。如：Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?與此相關(guān)的一些不定代詞如something,somebody等也要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)變化。2.and變?yōu)閛r。如：Ihaveaknifeandaruler.->Idon，thaveaknifeoraruler.3.alotof（=lotsof）變?yōu)閙any或much。如：Theyhavealotoffriends.（可數(shù)名詞）-*Theydon*thavemanyfriends.Thereislotsoforangeinthebottle.（不可數(shù)名詞）fThereisn，tmuchorangeinthebottle.4.already變?yōu)閥et。如：Ihavebeentherealready.-*Ihaven，tbeenthereyet.16）in與afterin與after都可以表示時(shí)間，但二者有所區(qū)別。1.in經(jīng)常用于將來(lái)時(shí)的句子中，以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)，表示將來(lái)一段時(shí)間。如：HewillleaveforBeijinginaweek.一周后他會(huì)動(dòng)身去北京。2.after經(jīng)常用于過(guò)去時(shí)的句子中，以過(guò)去為起點(diǎn)，表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間。如：HeleftforBeijingafteraweek.一周后他動(dòng)身去了北京。不過(guò)，如果after后跟的是具體的時(shí)刻，它也可用于將來(lái)時(shí),如：Wewi11finishtheworkafterteno'clock.十點(diǎn)后我們會(huì)完成工作的。3.注意區(qū)分以下的in的用法。I*11visithiminaweek.一周后我會(huì)去拜訪他。I'llvisithimtwiceinaweek.一■周內(nèi)我會(huì)去拜訪他兩次。17）不定冠詞a與an的使用1.a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前.如：Thereisa"b〃intheword"book”.單詞book中有個(gè)字母b。類似的字母還有：c,d,g,j,k,p,q,t,u,v,w,y,zoShehasasmallknife,她有一把小刀。2.an用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前。如：Thereisan"i"intheword"onion”.單詞onion中有個(gè)字母i。類似的字母還有：a,e,f,h,1,m,n,o,r,s,x。Doyouhaveanumbrella?你有一把雨傘嗎？
71.以元音字母開頭的單詞前面不一定都用an；以輔音字母開頭的單詞前面也不一定都用a.如:ausefulbookanhouranhonestpersonauniverseanuncleaone-letterwordanumbrella18)如何表達(dá)英語(yǔ)中的“穿、戴”？英語(yǔ)中表示“穿、戴”的表達(dá)方法有好幾種，常見的有以下這些：1、puton主要表達(dá)“穿”的動(dòng)作。如：Heputonhiscoat.他穿上了他的外套。You,dbetterputonyourshoes.你最好穿上你的鞋子。2、wear主要表示“穿、戴”的狀態(tài)。如：Theoldmanwearsapairofglasses.老人戴著一副眼鏡。Thegirliswearingaredskirt.那女孩穿著一條紅色的短裙。3、dress可作及物動(dòng)詞，有“給……穿衣”的意思，后接“人”,而不是“衣服”。如：Pleasedressthechildrenrightnow.請(qǐng)立即給孩子們穿上衣服。dress也可作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示衣著的習(xí)慣。如：Thewomanalwaysdressesingreen.那位婦女總是穿綠色的衣服。4、bein表示穿著的狀態(tài)。如：Johnisinwhitetoday.約翰今天穿白色的衣服。Themaninblackisafootballcoach.19)alittle,afew與abit(of)alittle,afew與abit(of)都有“一些、少量”的意義。他們的區(qū)別：1.alittle意為“一些、少量”，后接不可數(shù)名詞。ill：Thereisalittlewaterinthebottle.瓶子里有一,點(diǎn)水。還可以接形容詞。如：Heisalittleshy.他有些害羞。2.afew意為“一些、少數(shù)”，后接復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞。如：Thereareafewpeopleintheroom.房間里有一些人。3.abit意為“一點(diǎn)兒”，后接形容詞。Hl：It'sabitcold.有點(diǎn)冷。abitof后接不可數(shù)名詞。如：Hehasabitofmoney.他有一點(diǎn)兒錢。4.alittle和afew表肯定意義，little和few表否定意義：如：Thereisalittlesodaintheglass.杯子里有一點(diǎn)兒汽水。Thereislittlesodaintheglass.杯子里幾乎沒(méi)有汽水了。IhaveafewChinesefriends.我有一些中國(guó)朋友。Fewpeoplelikehim.幾乎沒(méi)有人喜歡他。5.alittle=abitof,后接不可數(shù)名詞；alittle=abit=alittlebit=kindof,后接形容詞，意為“有點(diǎn)兒”。20)關(guān)于like的用法like可以作動(dòng)詞，也可以作介詞。hlike作動(dòng)詞，表示一般性的“愛(ài)好、喜歡”，有泛指的含義。如：Doyoulikethecolor?你喜愛(ài)這種顏色嗎？like后可接不定式（liketodosth）,也可接動(dòng)詞的-ing分詞（likedoingsth）,有時(shí)意思不盡相同。如：Shelikeseatingapples.她喜愛(ài)吃蘋果。（習(xí)慣）Shelikestoeatanapple.她喜愛(ài)吃一粒蘋果。（平常不喜歡吃）like與would連用，后接不定式，表示愿望或客氣的請(qǐng)求“如：
8Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?您愿意喝杯茶嗎？“喜歡某人做某事”可以用結(jié)構(gòu)“l(fā)ikesbtodosth/doingsth”e如：Theyalllikemetosing/singingEnglishsongs.他們都喜歡我唱英文歌。2.like作介詞，可譯成“像”。如：Sheisfriendlytouslikeamother.她對(duì)我們友好,就像母親一樣。Itlookslikeanorange.它看起來(lái)像個(gè)桔子。3、區(qū)分以下句子：A.Whatdoeshelooklike?他長(zhǎng)相如何?（指一個(gè)人的外貌特征）B.Whatishelike?他人怎么樣？（指人的性格特點(diǎn)）C.TheboylikePeterisoverthere.（句指外貌相似）D.AboylikePetercan'tdoit.（指性格相似）21）stoptodosth與stopdoingsth1.stoptodosth意為“停下來(lái)去做某事”。如：Thestudentsstoptolistentotheirteacher.學(xué)生們停下來(lái)去聽他們老師講話。2.stopdoingsth意為“停止做某事"。如:Thestudentsstoppedtalking.學(xué)生們停止了談話。與它們相反的句式是：goontodosth“繼續(xù)做某事（與剛才一事不同）”和goondoingsth”繼續(xù)做某事（與剛才同一件事）”。如：HefinisheshishomeworkandgoesontostudyEnglish.他完成了作業(yè)，接著繼續(xù)去念英語(yǔ)。Theywentonplayinggames.他們繼續(xù)玩游戲。22）tell,speak,say與talk1.tell意為“告訴、講述”,指某人把某一件事、一條信息傳送給別人或講述一件事。ill：Hetellsmethathewantstobeateacher?他告訴我說(shuō)他想成為一位教師。Fatheralwaystellsinterestingstoriestous.爸爸總是給我們講有趣的故事。tellsbsth意為“告知某人某事”。如：Hetoldmesomethingabouthispast.他告訴我一些他的往事。tellsbtodosth意為“告訴某人去做某事”。如：Davidtoldhissontodothehomework.大衛(wèi)要他的兒子去做作業(yè)。2.speak意為“說(shuō)話、講話”,后面主要接語(yǔ)言。如：HecanspeakEnglishandalittleChinese.他能講英語(yǔ)和一點(diǎn)漢語(yǔ)。speakto意為"和講話、談話”。如：CanIspeaktoMrZhang?我能和張先生講話嗎？speakof意為“提到、說(shuō)起”。如：Thebookspeaksofmyhometown.那本書提到我的家鄉(xiāng)。3.talk意為“談話、講話”，如果只有一方對(duì)另一方說(shuō)話時(shí)，一般用talkto；如果雙方或多方交談，多用witho如：Pleasetalktohimrightnow.請(qǐng)立即同他談話。Heistalkingwithhisfriend.他在和朋友交談。talkabout意為”談?wù)?9。如：Theyaretalkingaboutthemovie.他們?cè)谡務(wù)撃遣侩娪啊aveatalkwith意為“與交談"。ill：CanIhaveatalkwithyou?我可以和你交談嗎？
91.say意為“說(shuō)”。如：CanyousayitinEnglishoncemore?你能用英語(yǔ)再說(shuō)一遍嗎？sayto意為“對(duì)說(shuō)”。ill：Hesaidtohisstudentsthattheywouldhaveatest.他對(duì)他的學(xué)生說(shuō)他們將有一個(gè)測(cè)試。Itissaidthat...意為“據(jù)說(shuō)”。如：Itissaidthathecouldstayunderthewaterforalongtime.據(jù)說(shuō)他能呆在水里很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。21）Excuseme!與I'msorry!1.Excuseme!意為“打攪了！對(duì)不起！”，一般是為了與陌生人搭話，或者要打斷對(duì)方所說(shuō)（做）的事。如：Excuseme,isthereahotelintheneighborhood?請(qǐng)問(wèn)，附近有旅館嗎？Excuseme,couldIsaysomething?打攪一下，我能說(shuō)一些嗎？2.I'msorry!意為“對(duì)不起！”，表示道歉。如：I*msorry,MrZhang.Iwon*tdoitagain.對(duì)不起，張先生。我不會(huì)這么做了。24）表示時(shí)間的in、on與atin,on與at都可以和表示時(shí)間的詞（組）連用。1.in表示時(shí)間的一段或較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。如：inthemorning在上午inMay,2004在2004年五月inaweek在一周之內(nèi)（后）It'sSunday,Icanfinishitintwodays.現(xiàn)在是星期天，我能在兩天后完成。（星期二）Romewasnotbuiltinaday.羅馬不是在一天內(nèi)建起來(lái)的。2.on主要指在具體的一天。如：onSunday在星期天onMayDay在“五一”節(jié)onahotafternoon在一個(gè)炎熱的下午HearrivedinBeijingonApril26,2004.他于2004年4月26日到達(dá)北京。3.at表示時(shí)間的一點(diǎn)或比較短的時(shí)間。如：at8:00在八點(diǎn)atnoon在中午Ialwaysgetupat6:00everymorning.我總是每天早晨六點(diǎn)起床。It'salwayswarmatthistimeofyear.每年的這個(gè)時(shí)候總是暖和的。25)Other及其用法Other及其相近的詞（組）9如others,theother,theothers,another,anyother等，一直是中學(xué)生朋友們比較困擾的問(wèn)題，平常的考試、作業(yè)中經(jīng)常出錯(cuò)。下面是它們的一些用法：1、other指其余的人或物，所有格是other's,復(fù)數(shù)形式是others;theother指“兩個(gè)人或物中的另一個(gè)“，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是theothers;others相當(dāng)于aother+名詞”，所以不能充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞。others指整體中去掉一部分后剩余的部分，但不是全部的，即some...others（一些...其余的人.?.）;theothers強(qiáng)調(diào)整體中除去一部分后剩余的全部，即some...theothers.2、another泛指三個(gè)以上的不定數(shù)目中的“另外一個(gè)"。由an和other合并構(gòu)成，所以不能和冠詞連用。another修飾單數(shù)名詞,比如：anotherpencil.3、anyother指除去本身以外的“任何其他的人或物”，后面要用名詞的單數(shù)形式。26)look短語(yǔ)常見的look短語(yǔ)有以下這些：1.lookat朝看(lookat=havealookat)PleaselookatthemapofChina.請(qǐng)看中國(guó)地圖。
101.lookfor尋找Theoldmanislookingforhisdog.老人在尋找他的狗。2.looklike看起來(lái)像Nancylookslikehermother.南?？雌饋?lái)像她母親。3.lookthesame看上去一樣LiPingandLiJinglookthesame.李萍和李晶看上去一樣。4.lookup查找Pleaselookupthewordinthedictionary.請(qǐng)?jiān)谠~典中查找這個(gè)單詞。5.lookover仔細(xì)檢查ThedoctorlookedoverMarycarefully.醫(yī)生仔細(xì)檢查了瑪麗。6.lookafter照顧，照看Youmustlookafteryouroldfather.你必須照顧你的老父親。7.lookaround到處尋找、查看Welookedaround,butwefoundnothingstrange.我們四處查看，但是我們沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)奇怪的東西。25)too,also與eitherLtoo用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句，一般放在句尾，其前常加逗號(hào)。如：Weareinthesameschool,too.我們也在相同的學(xué)校。Doyouplaysoccereveryday,too?你也每天踢足球嗎？2.also用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句，一般位于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前、be動(dòng)詞后。如：SandraisalsoaKoreanstudent.Sandra也是一個(gè)韓國(guó)學(xué)生。3.either用于否定句，一般放在句末。如：Theydon'tknowtheanswer,either.她們也不知道答案。4.aswellas也有“也”的意思。如:Wehavegreatmushroompizzaaswellassoda.Heisahappyboyaswell.26)hard與hardly1.hard既可作形容詞，也可作副詞。如：It'sahard{adj.)question.(二difficult)這是一個(gè)難的問(wèn)題。Theboystudiesveryhard(adv.).那男孩學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。句子結(jié)構(gòu)：It'shardforsbtodosth做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是難的。如：It'shardforhimtofinishthework.完成那項(xiàng)工作對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)很難。注意區(qū)分：hardwork困難的工作workhard努力工作3.hardly是頻度副詞，表示否定的意思。(=almostnot)通常用在形容詞、副詞和動(dòng)詞之前。如：Icanhardlyseeit.我?guī)缀蹩床坏剿?7)sometime,sometimes,sometime與sometimes記憶：sometimes(有時(shí))somelimes(好幾次)sometime(某一次)sometime(一段)口訣：有s是有時(shí)，有時(shí)分開好幾次；無(wú)s是某時(shí)，某時(shí)分開是一段。1.sometime是時(shí)間副詞，指不確定的將來(lái)或過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間(某時(shí)候或任何時(shí)候)，不指一段時(shí)間。如：We'11gotoBeijingsometimenextmonth.我們下個(gè)月某一時(shí)候會(huì)去北京。
111.sometimes是頻度副詞，指“有時(shí)"、“不時(shí)”的意思(=attimes)o如：SometimesIgetupverylateonSundaymorning.有時(shí)候我在星期天早晨起得很晚。2.sometime是名詞詞組，指一段時(shí)間(一些時(shí)間或若干時(shí)間)。如：Ittookhimsometimetofinishthebook.她花了一些時(shí)間去完成作業(yè)。3.sometimes指“幾次"。如：Hemetthewomansometimeslastmonth.上個(gè)月他見過(guò)那婦女兒次。25)exercise的一些用法1.作不及物動(dòng)詞，譯為“運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉”。如：Davidexerciseseverymorning.大衛(wèi)每天早晨進(jìn)行鍛煉。2.作及物動(dòng)詞，譯為“訓(xùn)練”。如：Swimmingexercisesthewholebody.游泳能使身體得到全面的鍛煉。3.作名詞，譯為“體育鍛煉、運(yùn)動(dòng)、體操、練習(xí)題”等。如：It'sgoodtodoeyeexerciseseveryday.每天做眼保鍵操對(duì)眼睛有好處。Pleasedomoreexercisefromnowon.從今以后請(qǐng)多做運(yùn)動(dòng)吧。Ihavelotsofhomeworktodotonight,今晚我有很多的作業(yè)要做。4.注意：exercise指具體運(yùn)動(dòng)或體操時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)形式為exercises；泛指運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。26)maybe與maybeLmaybe是副詞，譯為“也許、可能”,相當(dāng)于“perhaps"。如：Maybehecananswerthequestion,也許他能回答那個(gè)問(wèn)題。HemaybeisfromtheUSA,too.他可能也來(lái)自美國(guó)。2.maybe中的may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，譯為“可能是”。如：HemaybefromtheUSA,too.他可能也來(lái)自美國(guó)。ShemaybeourEnglishteacher.她可能是我們的英語(yǔ)老師。27)same與different1.same指“相同的"，前面通常要有--個(gè)定冠詞the,但是如果same前面已經(jīng)有this,those等詞,就不能再與the連用了。如：Weareinthesameclass.我們?cè)谕粋€(gè)班級(jí)。結(jié)構(gòu)：thesameas與一樣如：Hismarkisthesameasmine.他的分?jǐn)?shù)和我的分?jǐn)?shù)一樣。2.different譯為“不同的”，其后的可數(shù)名詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Weareindifferentclasses.我們?cè)诓煌陌嗉?jí)。結(jié)構(gòu)：bedifferentfrom與不同如：Thissweaterisdifferentfromthatone.這件毛衣與那一件不同。different的名詞形式為difference,復(fù)數(shù)形式為differenceso33)動(dòng)詞want的用法1.wantsth.想要某物Theywantsomehelp.他們需要一些幫助。2.wantsb.todosth.想要某人去做某事Myfatherwantsmetohelphimonthefarm.我父親要我在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上幫他。3.wanttodosth.想要做某事IwanttostudyEnglishinEngland.我想要在英國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。4.wantdoing需要...(與need意思一樣，有被動(dòng)的含義)Yoursweaterwantswashing.你的運(yùn)動(dòng)衣該洗了。
1234)begood(bad)for^begoodat的相關(guān)用法1.begoodfor對(duì)有益Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyourhealth.做早操對(duì)你們的建康有益。2.begoodat擅長(zhǎng)于LiPingisgoodatbasketball.李平擅長(zhǎng)于籃球。=LiPingisgoodatplayingbasketball.李平擅長(zhǎng)于打籃球。begoodat=dowellin如：Fmgoodatmath.=Idowellinmath.我擅長(zhǎng)于數(shù)學(xué)。3.begoodto對(duì)好Parentsarealwaysgoodtotheirchildren.父母親總是對(duì)他們的孩子好。35)howmany與howmuchl.howmany表示“多少”，對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)，后面接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily.Howmanypeopleareinyourfamily?你家里有幾個(gè)人？Wehavesevenclasseseveryday.—Howmanyclassesdoyouhaveeveryday?你們每天上幾節(jié)課？2.howmuch也是表示“多少”，但它對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。如：Thereissomemilkinthebottle.Howmuchmilkisthereinthebottle?瓶子里有多少牛奶？3.howmuch還可以對(duì)價(jià)格提問(wèn)，表示“多少錢”的意思。如：TheyellowT-shirtisonly35yuanHowmuchistheyellowT-shirt?那件黃色的T恤衫多少錢？36)with的幾個(gè)用法1.with表“和、同、與“。如：Canyougototheparkwithme?你能和我一起去公園嗎？2.with表“用、以、被”。如：Don'twritewiththeredpen.不要用那支紅色的鋼筆寫字。3.with表“隨著"o如：Climatevarieswiththetimeoftheyear.氣候隨著時(shí)令的不同而不同。4.with表“帶有、有的”。如：Thegirlwithlonghairismyclassmate.長(zhǎng)頭發(fā)的女孩是我的同學(xué)。5.with表“因?yàn)?、由?o如：Theywereangrywithhardwork.他們因?yàn)槠D難的工作而生氣。6.一些with結(jié)構(gòu)：playwith與一起玩getonwellwith與相處融洽beangrywith對(duì)生氣talkwith與交談
1334)alotof(lotsof)與many,muchLalotof意為“許多、大量”，相當(dāng)于lotsof.它既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：IhavealotoffriendsinChina.我在中國(guó)有很多朋友。Theoldmanhaslotsofmoney.那位老人有很多的錢。2.many意為“許多”.它用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞。如：Doyouhavemanybeautifulskirts?你有很多漂亮的裙子嗎？3.much意為“大量”,它用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如:Thereismuchwaterinthelake.湖里有大量的水。4.alotof(=lotsof)用在肯定句中，而many,much不受限制。如果將一個(gè)含有alotof(=lotsof)的肯定句改為否定句或疑問(wèn)句，要將它們改為many或much。如：Wecanseealotofbirdsinthetree.Wecan,tseemanybirdsinthetree.我們?cè)跇渖峡床坏胶芏帏B兒。Hewantslotsofsoda.Doeshewantmuchsoda?他需要許多汽水嗎？38)help用法舉例help既可以作名詞，也可以作動(dòng)詞。1.help作名詞，意為“幫助”。如:Heneedssomehelp.他需要一些幫助。2.help作動(dòng)詞，也是“幫助”的意思，如:你能幫幫我嗎？幫助某人做某事幫助某人做某事Canyouhelpme?3.help的結(jié)構(gòu)：helpsb(to)dosth=helpsbwithsth如：Theywanttohelptheboycarrytheheavybox.=Theywanttohelptheboywiththeheavybox.他們想要幫助那位男孩搬那個(gè)重箱子。39)well的用法well可以作副詞，也可以作形容詞。Lwell作副詞，意為“(某事干得)好”。如：Theboydrawsverywel1.男孩畫得很好。2.well作形容詞，意為"健康、安好”。如：I'mnotfeelingwell.我覺(jué)得不舒服。40)ago與beforeago與before都表示“以前”，但用法有所區(qū)別。Lag。意為“以前”，表示從此刻算起的若干時(shí)間之前，常用于過(guò)去時(shí)的句子中。如：Hetookaphotoaweekago.他一周前照了一■張相片。2.before作為副詞時(shí)表示：a.從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻算起的若干時(shí)間以前，用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)的句子中。如：Theboyhadalreadyseenthecomedybefore.那男孩以前已經(jīng)看過(guò)那部喜劇片了。b.籠統(tǒng)的“以前”，用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子中，一般單獨(dú)使用，而ago不可以單獨(dú)使用。如：He'sreadthisnovelbefore.他以前讀過(guò)這部小說(shuō)。41)need的用法1.need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，意為“需要”。如：
14Doyouneedtostayathome?你要呆在家里嗎？1.need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，一般用于對(duì)must的否定回答。如：Mustheleavenow?他必須離開嗎？No,heneedn't.不，他不必。2.區(qū)分：a.need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。Heneedstogo.Hedoesn，tneedtogo.Doesheneedtogo?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn,t.b.need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，一般不用于肯定句。Heneedn'tgo.Needhego?Yes,heneed./No,heneedn't.39)decide的幾種句式1.decidetodosth決定去做某事Theydecidetoflykiteonweekend.他們決定在周末去放風(fēng)箏。2.decideondoingsth決定做某事Theydecideonflyingkites.他們決定放風(fēng)箏。3.decideonsth就某事決定Bettydecidedontheredskirt.貝蒂選定了那條紅裙子。4.decide的名詞形式為decision,結(jié)構(gòu):makeadecision,意為“做決定”。如:Hehasmadeadecision.他已經(jīng)做一個(gè)決定了。40)toomany,toomuch與muchtool.toomany意為“太多”,用于修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。如：Therearetoomanystudentsinourclass.我們班上有太多的學(xué)生。2.toomuch意為“太多”，用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：Wehavetoomuchworktodo.我們有太多的工作要做。3.muchtoo表示“太”,用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞。如：Theboxismuchtooheavy,soIcan，tcarryit.箱子太重了，所以我搬不動(dòng)它。41)can的用法1.表示能力。如：Wecancarrytheheavybox.我們可以搬得動(dòng)箱子。WhocansinganEnglishsong?誰(shuí)會(huì)唱英文歌？2.表示驚訝、不相信等態(tài)度，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。如：Canitbetrue?這會(huì)是真的嗎？Youcan，tbeserious?你不會(huì)當(dāng)真吧？3,表示允許，意思與may相近，主要用于口語(yǔ)中。如：CanIsmokehere?我可以在這兒吸煙嗎？CanIgowithhim?我可以跟他一起去嗎？
15初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)（短語(yǔ)、句型）MODULE11、如有always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never,oncea.,..,every...用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，第一、二人稱復(fù)數(shù)后跟動(dòng)詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)后跟動(dòng)詞加's'/'es'。2、如有now,look!,listen,atthemoment….用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)是be（am,is,are）+v-ing3、如有tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,fromnowon,in+——段時(shí)間，someday,next....用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)：will+v原\begoingto+v原（沒(méi)有動(dòng)詞用be）4、如有yesterday,ago,last....,justnow用一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞加edgivesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.給某人某物eachother互相.everyday每天，everyday每天的，日常的，writedown寫下，記下writeit（them）downhowaboutdoingsth.=whataboutdoingsth.“做???.怎么樣=Whydon，tyou+V原..?=whynot+.?.V原"為什么不"thanksalot=thankyouverymuch非常謝謝回答That'sallright.二You'rewelcome.=That'0K.=It'smypleasure.=Notatall.helpsb.withsth.在某方面幫助別人helpsb.（to）dosth.幫助某人做某事helponeselftosth.請(qǐng)自用食物（helpyourself請(qǐng)自便）withone，shelp=withthehelpofsb.在某人的幫助watchsb.dosth.看到某人做了某事，（現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有做，做過(guò)）watchsb.doingsth.看到某人正在做某事（正在做）see,hear類似remembertodosth.想起記得要做某事，未做事rememberdoingsth.相起記得做過(guò)某事forgettodosth.忘記要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記做過(guò)某事welcomeback歡迎回來(lái),thisterm這學(xué)期，lastterm上學(xué)期，whynot為什么不，correctspelling正確的拼寫，whatelse?=whatotherthings?newterm新學(xué)期nextterm下學(xué)學(xué)期，giveyousomeadvice給你一些建議makeamistake=makemistakes犯錯(cuò)誤apieceof一塊，一條還有什么
16apieceofadvice一條建議，follow/takeone*sadvice采用別人的建議，sendsthtosb.=sendsb.sth.寄給某人sendfor派人去請(qǐng)/取sendup發(fā)射.allthetime_1直enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime=haveagreattime=havefun,玩得愉快lotsof=alotof=many(可數(shù))\much(不可數(shù))許多spend:Sb.spendsometimeonsth.某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事Sb.spendsometime(in)doingsth.某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事Sb.spendsomemoneyonsth.某人花費(fèi)錢買某物Sb.spendsomemoney(in)buyingsth.某人花費(fèi)錢買某物cost:sth.costsb.somemoney某物花去某人錢pay:sb.paysomemoneyforsth.某人支付錢take:Ittakes(took)sb.sometimetodosth,做某事花去某人時(shí)間askfor請(qǐng)求，要求，asksb.forsth.向某人要某物asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事enjoydoingsth喜歡做某事.finish,practise,mind,miss,consider,keep,continue,這些詞語(yǔ)后跟動(dòng)名詞形式V-ingplacesth.in=putsth.in把某物放在…里面else常修飾不定代詞，關(guān)系代詞或副詞，也可修飾all,much,little等，else要位于其后。所有格為else1s.即else修飾不定代詞something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody和who,what,when,where時(shí)放后面takeadeepbreath深呼吸，catch\holdone，sbreath屏住呼吸，outofbreath上氣不接下氣，thenumberof…的數(shù)目，后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用三單，anumberof=many,大量，許多后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。alargenumberof,asmallnumberofwishsb.todosth.希望某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事findit+adj+todosth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣trytodosth.盡力做事trydoingsth.嘗試做某事trynottodosth.盡力不做某事tryone'sbest盡某人最大的努力agroupof一組，一群，borrowsthfromsb.從某人處借入某物，
17lendsth.tosb=lendsb.sth.借給某人某物(give>send>show一樣)
18practicedoingsth.，練習(xí)做做某事comefrom=befrom來(lái)自，lookfor尋找，lookafter=carefor=takecareof照顧lookup向上看，查閱，looklike看起來(lái)像，lookat看著，lookonsb.as把某人看作，lookover檢查，翻閱lookout當(dāng)心，向外看,lookthrough仔細(xì)杳看lookforwardtodoingsth.盼望，期待做某事beready準(zhǔn)備好,bereadyfor=getreadyfor=preparefor為,,,準(zhǔn)備,be(get)readytodosth.準(zhǔn)備做某事，樂(lè)意做某事trans1ateinto,,?將???譯成???，takeamessage捎個(gè)信，leaveamessage留個(gè)信begoodfor對(duì)…有好處，begoodat=dowellin擅長(zhǎng)于…Thinkof想起hinkabout想出,thinkover仔細(xì)考慮bepoorat=bebadat=dobadlyin=beweakin不擅長(zhǎng)…四說(shuō)，1,speak說(shuō)語(yǔ)言，2.say說(shuō)內(nèi)容，3,talk與誰(shuí)說(shuō)，4,tell告訴，講述，四看，1,watch觀看電視，比賽和表演，2,see看人，電影，醫(yī)生，風(fēng)景，3,read看書，報(bào)，4,look就看。看場(chǎng)電影要用see,讀書看報(bào)用read電視、戲劇、比賽，凡是表演用watch,observe細(xì)觀察，一時(shí)注意用notice.make+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（形容詞）make+賓語(yǔ)+domake+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞makefriendswithsb.hearof聽說(shuō)使某人某物怎么樣讓某人做某事使某人被怎么樣與某人交朋友hearfrom收到某人的來(lái)信itis+adj.+ofsb+todosth.寫性格，品質(zhì)(kind,goodnice,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolishItis+adj+forsb+todosth.對(duì)物的評(píng)價(jià)(difficult,easyhard,dangerous,important,等)writeto…給…寫信，nextto在…旁邊，dosomeconcerts辦音樂(lè)會(huì)，speaktosb.和某人講話，sayhellotosb.給某人問(wèn)好，saybyetosb.向某人說(shuō)再見showsb.aroundsomewhere帶某人參觀某地，learnsthfromsb.向某人學(xué)習(xí)choosethecorrectanswers選擇正確答案correctthemistakes改錯(cuò)，match…with…把…和…搭配起來(lái)
19建議：Lwhydon，tyoudosth?=whynotdosth?2.Howaboutdoingsth?=whataboutdoingsth?3.Youshould/candosth.4.Remembertodosth.5.Don'tforgettodosth.6.canyoudosth?7.Let*sdosth.8.It'sagoodideatodosth.9.Wouldyouliketodosth.?10.Shallwedosth.11.You'dbetter(not)dosth.回答:That'sagoodidea./Thanksalot./Great./OK./That*sright./Allright./Goodidea./Sure.M0DULE2現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：L表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或結(jié)果，常與recently,ever,never,already,yet,just,beforestill連用；2.表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與for+時(shí)間段或since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用。結(jié)構(gòu)：have（has）+過(guò)去分詞getinto=enterwhat'sthepriceof=howmuchis???|、可價(jià)格dreamabout夢(mèng)到dreamof夢(mèng)見，aroundtheworld=allovertheworld全世界，staywithsb.與某人呆一起stayathome呆在家里，takeoff脫下，起飛，alloverChina全中國(guó)，cometure實(shí)現(xiàn)，driveto=goto,?,bycar開車,sellout賣光，stayinbed呆在床上，walkto=goto…onfoot步行去landon/in/at著路,takeaseat=haveaseat請(qǐng)坐，flyto=goto...byplane(byair),坐飛機(jī)attheendof在…盡頭/結(jié)尾attheend在結(jié)束時(shí)havebeento去過(guò)（現(xiàn)在不在那兒），havegoneto去了（現(xiàn)在不在說(shuō)話地）everydayEnglish日常英語(yǔ)，firstprice一等獎(jiǎng),Themostexcitingexperience最激動(dòng)人心的經(jīng)歷，beforelong不久noproblem沒(méi)問(wèn)題longbefore很久以前haveaproblemindoingsth.做某事有困難,
20workoutaproblem解決一個(gè)問(wèn)題，invitesbtodosth,邀請(qǐng)某人做某事invitesbtosomeplace邀請(qǐng)某人去某地oneday,某一天，(過(guò)去或?qū)?lái))someday某一天(將來(lái))連系動(dòng)詞，一是be(am,is,are,was,were,)―感覺(jué)feel,一保持keep,三變become,getturn,四起來(lái)taste,smell,look,sound,后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。不定代詞：somebody,someone某人，anybody,anyonenobody,noone,沒(méi)人everyone,everybody每個(gè)人，something某物，anything任何物，nothing沒(méi)事，everything一切事物，修飾他們的形容詞放后。differentkindsof=allkindsof不同種類的,各種各樣的,bytheendof到…末為止，不遲于giveaconcert=giveconcerts舉辦音樂(lè)會(huì)intheend=finally最后，終于，takeaphoto=takephotos照相，店cooksthforsb.=cooksb.sth.為某人做飯(buy,make)[區(qū)分give、send>lend、show]such+a/an+adj+單數(shù)名詞=so+adj+a/an+單數(shù)名詞(名前such,形副so,多多少少也用so,little屬特殊，“小”用such,少用so.)Suchaninterestingbook=sointerestingabook交通工具的乘坐，takethe(a)+交通工具to=go...by+交通工具=go...on/in+a(the)+交通工具(小汽車只能用in,其余的可用in,on);Takeabustoschool=gotoschoolbybus=gotoschoolonabuswalktosomewhere=goto...onfoot;flytosomewhere.=go....byplaneridetosomewhere=go...bybike,drivetosomewhere=gotobycarakindof一種bekindtosb對(duì)某人友善sincethen從那時(shí)起takeoff脫下，起飛，請(qǐng)假，consider=regard=think考慮，認(rèn)為regard...as...把當(dāng)成inthephoto在照片里gotosleep去睡覺(jué)goabroad出國(guó)beabroad在國(guó)外travelabroad到國(guó)外旅行sellout,賣光sellto,賣給某人sellwell賣得好
21四個(gè)也：also,肯定，行前be后；too肯定，句末；either,否定，句末；aswell,肯定，句末。thepriceof,....的價(jià)格,形容價(jià)格用high,low0sellsthatahighprice,以高價(jià)出售，sellsthatalowprice,以低價(jià)出售yet,用于完成時(shí)態(tài)的否定句和疑問(wèn)句中haveawonderfultime玩得高興，wouldliketodosth=wanttodosth,想要做某事wouldlikesb.todosth=wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事MODULESalready早已，用于完成時(shí)的肯定，；yet,用于完成時(shí)的否定和疑問(wèn)；just,用于完成時(shí)justnow=amomentago用于過(guò)去時(shí)arriveat（小地方）/in（大地方）=reach=getto，到達(dá)bring從外往里拿take從里往外拿，carry無(wú)方向，fetch往返拿morethan=over多于alone,個(gè)體單獨(dú)，獨(dú)自；mostof....的大多數(shù)lessthan少于lonely,孤獨(dú)，寂寞，也表示荒涼，avisitto對(duì)???的參觀onavisitto....參觀???payavisitto拜訪foravisit參觀as...as....和????一樣notas...as..=notso...as不如so...that“如此.??以致于???.”如果that后是否定，就可以用too...to轉(zhuǎn)換,如果是肯定就用，形容+enough(forsb)todosth.肯定：Heissosmartthathecananswermanyquestionsquickly.=heistoosmarttoanswermanyquestionsquickly.否定：heisnotsmartenoughtoanswermanyquestionsquickly.=itisnotsmartenoughforhimtoanswermanyquestionsquickly.befamousfor因???面著名(原因)，befamousas以...身份或產(chǎn)地而著名
22preferdoingsth.todoingsth.=likedoingsthbetterthandoingsth更喜歡做某事，Eg:Ipreferreadingtowriting.=1likereadingbetterthanwriting.相比寫我更喜歡讀。preferto更喜歡???prefertodosthratherthandosth.寧愿做某事而不愿做某事eg:Iprefertoplaybasketballratherthanrun.我寧愿打籃球而不愿跑步。returnfromavisitto從???訪問(wèn)返回，benamedafter以??,的名字命名beproudof以???.自豪beuptosb.由某人決定upto從事于，忙于spacestation在太空站showsthtosb.=showsbsth把某物給某人看onbusiness出差，因???公事over,在??上面,正上方，中間有段空間（反義為under）on在1面，貼著物表（反義beneath）above在—上方，高出（反義below）inthesky=intheair在天空中，byair=byplane坐飛機(jī)，inthelastthreeyears在過(guò)去三年里，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)none用于三個(gè)以上的全否定，反義為all；neither兩個(gè)都不,反義為boththelastestnews最新消息，sharesth.withsb.與分享某物M0DULE4geton/alongwithsb與?..相處，getonwellwithsb.與...相處融洽hearabout/hearof聽說(shuō)，infact實(shí)際上，theHopeSchools希望學(xué)校dropoutofschool綴學(xué)lookafter=takecareof=carefor,照顧takepartin參加payfor支付，付錢howlong,多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間howsoon多久getonbadlywith，與?..相處不好onthefarm在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上hearfromsb.收到某人的信，郵件等athomeandabroad在國(guó)內(nèi)外inthelast+一段時(shí)間，
23inthpast+一段時(shí)間這三個(gè)用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)intherecent+—?段時(shí)間becauseof因?yàn)?,,getaneducation接受教育sellsth.tosb.=sellsb.sth.,把某物賣給某人buysthfrom...buysthforsb..給某人買東西takepartin=join參力口，careabout關(guān)心,在乎,howoften隔多久一次，stoptodosth.停下來(lái)去做別的事ingood/badhealth身體健康/不健康takecare當(dāng)心，stopdoingsth.停止做某事，dress/undressr+人puton/wear/takeoff+衣putononesclothes穿上衣服dropout退出，離隊(duì)dropin順便來(lái)訪，dropoutofschool退學(xué)pointat指著，pointto指向withthehelpofsb.=wihtsb'shelp在別人的幫助下withoutthehelpofsb.無(wú)人幫助的情況非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檠永m(xù)動(dòng)詞:buy——haveleave-beawaymakefriends一一befriendsopen-beopencomeherebeheregetready-bereadyjoin一一beingothere一一betherebuy-get/haveborrow-keepbegin-beonputon-haveon/weargetdiebedeadfinish一一beoverup-beuparrive/getto/reach/comebein/beat/stay可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不可以與for或since連用，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定式也可以和for/since連用.other其他的，另外的，別的；another另一個(gè)人或事物；theother兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)；theothers其余的，剩下的人或事物；others其他的，另外的，別的人或物MODULE5afanofsb.某人的粉絲giveaconcert=giveconcerts舉行音樂(lè)會(huì)befamousfor,因?.而著名（后+人或物某方面的特點(diǎn)，特長(zhǎng)）befamousas，作為??,而聞名（后+身份職業(yè)）attheageof=whensb.was...yearsold在???歲的時(shí)候notonly....butalso..不僅..而且（就近原則）上classicalmusic古典音樂(lè)belongto屬于sthbelongtosb.物屬于人across,從一定范圍內(nèi)的一邊到另一邊,表面進(jìn)行through,從中間通過(guò)或穿過(guò),里面進(jìn)行；over上方通過(guò),不接觸表面；
24hearof聽說(shuō)，beborn出生，gothrough穿過(guò)，rmnotsure我不確定，I'msure肯定，makesb.+adj使某人怎么樣，makesb.dosth.使某人做某事,takesb.around帶人四處走走apieceofmusic一首樂(lè)曲，inadditionto除???以外buyhimaguitar=buyaguitarforhim給某人買吉他goonwithsth.繼續(xù)做某事goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事dieof患..而死，常接hunger,cold,illness,cancer內(nèi)部原因diefrom由于而死，常接awound,anaccident,carelessness外部原因learntodosth學(xué)做某事，learnfromsb.向某人學(xué)習(xí)，Learn...byheart熟記，背誦，learnone'slessonfrom..?從??,中吸取教訓(xùn)反意疑問(wèn)句：1.先斷〃定"，判斷是否定或肯定.如有not,never,few,little,hardly,no,nobody,seldom,nothing等詞，則是否定，后面該用11--，,,目定.2.后找〃動(dòng)〃,觀察前面的動(dòng)詞,若含有或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞直接用,若為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形,用do,三單用does,過(guò)去式用did,hadbetter用had3.換代,主語(yǔ)定代詞，三單用he,she,it,復(fù)用theywe;somebody,nobody類似的用they,和thing一起的用4.肯定祈使句，反問(wèn)句部分可用willyou/won'tyou?否定祈使句，用willyou?5.Let's???用shallwe?letus.willyou?,6.在think,believe,suppose+從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，疑問(wèn)句部分與從句保持一致，同時(shí)主句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到從句中；但第二，三人稱與主句保持一致：Idon'tthinkyouhavedoneit,haveyou?/Hedoesn'tthinkyouhavedoneit,doeshe?即：當(dāng)主句人稱是一，從句是二時(shí)，看二；當(dāng)主句是三時(shí)，就看三。7.回答只針對(duì)事實(shí)作答;Yes+肯定，No+否定givesb.sth=givesth.tosb.給某人某物givein投降giveawayto對(duì)???讓步,giveupdoingsth放棄，giveout分發(fā)ontheearth在地球上onearth究竟both....and既???.又就近原則neither..?.nor既不??..又不,就近原則either...or要么????要么.therebe,notonly...butalso就近原則maybe可能是.maybe=perhaps大概，也許Inadditionto.?除???以外（還有）=besides,but除,.之外,，常與否定意義詞連用，當(dāng)but前有do時(shí)but后接原形。except,除???.之外（不包括）onholiday度假，alltypesof呼種,onone'sown獨(dú)自,ofcourse=,sure當(dāng)然parttimejob,一份兼職工作beledby由????帶領(lǐng)
25MODULE6過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法：1.表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或正存在的狀態(tài)，-一般常和atthattime,at點(diǎn)yesterday,then,lastnight,thistimeyesterday,thewholemorning,whenIarrived等特定的過(guò)去時(shí)間連用。2.表示一個(gè)過(guò)去動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)或發(fā)生之后,另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或兩個(gè)延續(xù)性過(guò)去的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行,常與when,while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用。結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+V-inggoon繼續(xù)goondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事（同一件事），goontodosth繼續(xù)做某事（另一件事），goonwithsth繼續(xù)做同一件事,但中間暫停過(guò)Howisitgoing?=Howareyougettingon/along?近況如何？bytheriver在河邊becareful,小心atthistimeyesterday昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候，inatree=inthetree，在樹上（外來(lái)物）onatree=onthetree,在樹上，（樹本身的）smileatsb.朝著某人微笑，laughatsb.嘲笑某人falloff掉下來(lái),fallinlovewith,愛(ài)上fallfallinto，掉進(jìn)，跌入behind,落后,跟不上bymistake由于出錯(cuò)havenothingtodo沒(méi)事可做,atthat/thistime在那/這時(shí)nothingstrange沒(méi)什么奇怪的takesth.outof....把...從?..拿出來(lái)happentodosth.碰巧做某事感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,watch,feel,notice,smell,taste后+名詞或代詞+動(dòng)詞原形（表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生）后+名詞或代詞+Ving（表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）thinkabout考慮，thinkof想起，認(rèn)為，thinkover仔細(xì)考慮，thinkout,想出thinkhard努力想,努力思考Whathappenedtosb.?某人發(fā)生了什么事？beon上演，gooff熄滅，停英語(yǔ)中當(dāng)幾個(gè)單數(shù)人稱同時(shí)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，先后順序是“二、三、一”not...until直到????才（主句中常用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）till/until直到為止（主句中常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）somethingwrongwith.,?出了毛病，lieinbed躺在床上,jumpoutof從???跳出來(lái)ononeswaytosomeplace,在某人去某地的路上onone'swayhome在某人回家的路上when,while,as的區(qū)別當(dāng)...時(shí)候When可與持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,表示“一段時(shí)間，〃也可與短暫性動(dòng)詞連用,表示〃時(shí)刻主句的動(dòng)作可
26以與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,也可以先后發(fā)生.如果主從句都是短暫性動(dòng)詞時(shí),只能用WhenWhile表示主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生.其從句的動(dòng)詞必須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,從句多用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),也可用表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的一般時(shí)態(tài).如果主從句都是進(jìn)行時(shí),只能用Whileas與When同義，但as指主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作交替進(jìn)行或同步發(fā)展.wearout穿壞，穿舊，用壞，cheerup使振奮;使興奮，followone'sadvice聽從某人的建議，lookinto向??.的里面看，stoptodosth.停下做另一件事stopdoingsth,停止做某事stop.??fromdoingsth.阻止???.做某事whatkind哪種akindof一種，allkindsof=differentkindsof各種各樣的，kindof=abit=alittle有點(diǎn)，墻的表面用on,墻的內(nèi)部用inwalkalong沿著????走=goalongfeeltired感到疲勞bymistake錯(cuò)誤地，無(wú)意地byoneself單獨(dú)，獨(dú)立地bytheway順便說(shuō)havesomethingtodo有事可做havesomethingtoeat有可吃的東西havenothingtodrink沒(méi)有什么喝的東西noone,一般不與of連用，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，只指人，一般用來(lái)回答whonone，可與of連用，動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，指人或物，回答howmany/howmuch引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句,以及含any+n的一般問(wèn)句Nothing,指物，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)withoutdoingsth.沒(méi)做betired=gettired累了duringtheday一整天
27新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)Unit1:Howoftendoyouexercise?【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly,ever,never.?howoften,once,twice,threetimesaweek,everyday.?milk,junkfood,health,unhealthy,habit,exercise,most,result,try,differentmaybe,although,arm,foot,tooth,ear,eye,advice,thirsty,forget,finish,plan.【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】2.4.6.dosports鍛煉9.1.gotothemovies去看電影3.surftheinternet上網(wǎng)5.goskateboarding去戈ij板7.exercise=take(much)exercise8.eatinghabits飲食習(xí)慣10.thesameas與什么相同12.onceamonth一?月一,次14.makeadifferenceto對(duì)什么有影響16.although=though雖然18.shop=goshopping=dosomeshopping19.asfor至于21.dohomework做家庭作業(yè)23.eatlessmeat吃更少的肉25.begoodfor對(duì)什么有益27.wanttodosth想做某事29.trytodosth盡量做某事31.ofcourse=certainly=sure當(dāng)然lookafter=takecareof照顧healthylifestyle健康的生活方式keephealthy=stayhealthy保持健康takemoreexercise做更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)11.bedifferentfrom不同13.twiceaweek一*周兩次15.howoften多久一次17.mostofthestudents=moststudents購(gòu)物20.activitysurvey活動(dòng)調(diào)查22.dohousework做家務(wù)事24.junkfood垃圾食物26.bebadfor對(duì)什么有害28.wantsbtodosth想某人做某事30.comehomefromschool放學(xué)回家32.getgoodgrades取得好成績(jī)33.someadviceapieceofadvice34.hardly=notnearly=almostnot幾乎不35.keep/beingoodhealth保持健康36.bestressed緊張的，有壓力的37.takeavacation去度假48.getback回來(lái)【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1.Howoftendoyouexercise?Howoften+助動(dòng)詞do(does或did)+主語(yǔ)+dosth.?疑問(wèn)詞howoften是問(wèn)頻率(多經(jīng)常)，在這里助動(dòng)詞do(does或did)是起幫助構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)的作用回答：Everyday/Onceaweek/Threetimesamonth/Threeorfourtimesamonth.2.Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?第一個(gè)do為助動(dòng)詞，在彘幫助構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)的作用；而第二個(gè)do則是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞?；卮穑篒usuallyplaysoccer.3.What'syourfavoriteprogram?It'sAnimalWorld.4.Whatdostudentsdo或GreenHighSchool?
28第一個(gè)do為助動(dòng)詞，曲起幫助構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)的作用；而第二個(gè)do則是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。1.Asforhomework,moststudentsdohomeworkeveryday.asfor..?意思是“至于;關(guān)于"，常用于句首作狀語(yǔ)，其后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（即動(dòng)名詞）。如：Asforhim,Ineverwanttoseehimhere.至于他，我永遠(yuǎn)不希望在這里見到。Asforthestory,you'dbetternotbelieveit.關(guān)于那故事，你最好不要相信。areinteresting.2.Theresultsfor"watchTVTheresultsfor"的結(jié)果”3.Momwantsmetogetupat6:00andplayping-pongwithher.wanttodosth.意思是“想要做某事”；wantsb.todosth.意思是“想要某人做某事"。如：Doyouwanttogotothemovieswithme?你想和我一起去看電影嗎？Theteacherdoesn，twantustoeathamburgers.老師不想讓我們吃漢堡包。4.Shesaysit'sgoodformyhealth.begoodfor...表示“對(duì)……有益（有好處）”。其反義為：bebadfor...o（這里for是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞）如:It'sgoodforustodomorereading.多讀書對(duì)我們有好處。Readinginbedisbadforyoureyes.在床上讀書對(duì)你的眼睛有害。5.Howmanyhoursdoyousleepeverynight?6.Iexerciseeveryday,usuallywhenIcomehomefromschool.7.Myeatinghabitsareprettygood.這里pretty相當(dāng)于very8.Itrytoeatalotofvegetables,usuallylenloeleventimesaweek.trytodosth.表示“盡力做某事”,不包含是否成功的意思，“努力做某事”trydoingsth.表示“（用某一辦法）試著去做某事”，“嘗試做某事”。如：You'dbettertrydoingtheexperimentinanotherway.你最好試試用另一種方法做這個(gè)試驗(yàn)。9.Myhealthylifestylehelpsmegetgoodgrades.helpsb.（to）dosth.幫助某人做某事10.Goodfoodandexercisehelpmetostudybetter.helpsb.（to）dosth.幫助某人做某事這里better是well的比較級(jí)，而不是good的比較級(jí)11.Isherlifestylethesameasyoursordifferent?=Isherlifestylethesameasyourlifestyleorisherlifestyledifferentfromyourlifestyle?bethesameas???/bedifferentfrom???12.IthinkI'mkindofunhealthy.kindof=alittleakindof意思是“一種”13.Whatsportsdoyouplay?
291.Alotofvegetableshelpyoutokeepingoodhealth.keepingoodhealth=keephealthy=stayhealthy2.Youmusttrytoeatlessmeat.trytodosth.表示“盡力做某事”,不包含是否成功的意思less是little的比較級(jí)3.Thatsoundsinteresting.這是“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句。sound（聽起來(lái)），look（看起來(lái)），smell（聞起來(lái)），taste（嘗起來(lái)），feel（覺(jué)得），seem（好象），grow（變得），get（變得）等詞在英語(yǔ)中可用作系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。如：Ittastesgood.這味道好。Themusicsoundsverysweet.這音樂(lè)聽起來(lái)很入耳。Thesmokegrewheavierandheavier.煙霧變得越來(lái)越濃了?！驹~語(yǔ)辨析】4.maybe/maybe1.Thebabyiscrying,sheishungry.2.Thewomanateacher.maybe是副詞，意為“大概，可能，或許"，一般用于句首。Maybe是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為“可能是?.，也許是?.，大概是?.”.二、afew/few/alittle/little1.peoplecanlive2.Thereistimeto100,butpeoplecanliveto150.left,Idon'tcatchthefirstbus.3.Couldyougivememilk?afew（少數(shù)的，幾個(gè)，一些）alittle（―*點(diǎn)兒，少量）表示肯定few（很少的，兒乎沒(méi)有的）little（很少的，幾乎沒(méi)有的）表示否定修飾可數(shù)名詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞三、none/noone1>ofthepensaremine.2、isintheclassroom.none指人或物，強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量，用howmany提問(wèn)，常與of連用。noone多指人，強(qiáng)調(diào)“無(wú)人”這種狀態(tài)，用who提問(wèn)，不可與of連用，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。四、hard/hardly1.Thegroundistootodig2.Icanunderstandthem.3.It'sraining,thepeoplecangooutside.hard作形容詞，意為“困難的，艱苦的，硬的”；作副詞，意為“努力地,猛烈地”。Hardly意為“幾乎不”?！菊Z(yǔ)法】1.表頻率的詞匯和短語(yǔ)：always/usually/often/never/hardlyever/sometimes/seldom/onceaday/twicea
30month/threetimesaweek/everytwoweeks/onceinawhile
311.做事情的頻率(howoftenyoudothings):-Whatdoyouusuallydointhemorning?—IusuallyreadEnglishbooks.SometimesIwalkinthegarden.Ihardlyeverexercise.Ieatvegetablestwiceaweek,butInevereatjunkfood.3.如何提問(wèn)頻率“多久一次”—Howoftendoesheplaytennis?-Heplaystenniseveryday.—Howoftendoyoudrinkmilk?-Idrinkmilkonceaday.—Howoftendotheygotothemovies?-Sometimes.Unit2What?sthematter?【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?head,nose,eye,ear,tooth,neck,stomach,back,leg,arm,foot,throat?thirsty,stressedout,/dentist,lie,rest,honey,water,illness,advice.?cold,fever,headache,toothache,stomachache,sorethroat【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】Haveacold感冒soreback背痛neckandneck并駕齊驅(qū)，齊頭并進(jìn)Ihaveastomachache我胃痛=Ihavegotastomachache=Thereissomethingwrongwithmystomach=Mystomachhurts=Ihave(got)apaininmystomachWhat,sthematter?怎么了？=What'sthetrouble(withyou)?=What'syourtrouble?=What'swrong(withyou)?=What'thematter(withyou)?=Whathashappenedtoyou?=Isthereanythingwrong(withyou)?=what'sup?sorethroat咽喉痛liedownandrest躺下休息seeadentist看牙醫(yī)drinklotsofwater多喝水hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的熱茶That，sagoodidea好主意That,stoobad太糟糕了Ithinkso我認(rèn)為如此I9mnotfeelingwell.我覺(jué)得不太舒服=I'mnotfeelingfine/allright.=I'mfeelingill/sick.=1feelterrible/bad.=Idon'tfeelwell.getsomerest多休息stressedout筋疲力盡ahealthylifestyle健康的生活方式abalanceofyinandyang陰陽(yáng)調(diào)和toeatabalancediet飲食平衡stayhealthy保持健康=keephealthy=keepIhavenoidea=Idon'tknow我不知道Iamtired我累了Heistired.他累了traditionalChinesedoctors傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)youhavetoomuchyin.你陰氣太盛healthyfood健康食品ingoodhealth=keepfitenjoyoneself（myself,yourself,herself,himself,themselves,ourselves,itself
32反身代詞）玩得高興，過(guò)得愉快=haveagoodtime=haveawonderfultime=havefunenjoysth.=likesth.（名詞）喜歡某物，enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事=1ikedongsthpracticedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事，minddoingsth.介意做某事finishdoingsth.完成某事giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事，keepdingsth.堅(jiān)持做某事.（keepondoingsth./keepsb.doingsth.）bebusydoingsth.忙著做某事beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事makeacontributiontodoingsth.為,?做貢獻(xiàn)goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記做某事rememberdoingsth.記得做某事spend....（in）doingsth,花（時(shí)間）來(lái)做某事preferdoingsth.todoingsth.比起（做???）來(lái)更愿意（做??.）atthemoment=now此刻Hostfamily東道家庭Conversationpractice會(huì)話練習(xí)IIt'seasytohaveahealthylifestyle,andit'simportanttoeatabalanceddiet.fIt'seasytodosth.做某事容易It'simportanttodosth.做某事重要msorrytohearthat.聽到此事我很難過(guò).【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1.What9sthematter?二What'sthematerwithyou?with為介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。人森福必須用它的賓格。Ihaveacold/haveasoreback/haveastomachache2.Youshouldliedownandrest/drinkhotteawithhoney/seeadentist/seeadoctor.3.I'mnotfellingwell.這里well表示身體狀況，不能用good代替4.Whendiditstart?Abouttwodaysago.5.That'stoobad.6.Ihopeyoufellbettersoon.這里better是well的比較級(jí)7.TraditionalChinesedoctorsbelieveweneedabalanceofyinandyangtobehealthy.這里tobehealthy是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)8.Maybeyouhavetoomuchyin.
33toomuch后跟不可數(shù)名詞，而toomany后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
3410.Everyonegetstiredsometimes.這里get連系動(dòng)詞，tired是形容詞作表語(yǔ)，屬系表結(jié)構(gòu)11.Asorethroatcangiveyouafever.fgivesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.把某物給某人12.Don,tgetstressedout.It9snothealthy.在這里get是連系動(dòng)詞，stressedout是表語(yǔ)13.Ihaveatoothache.Ineedtoseeadentist.一need意思為“需要”，作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)詞不定式，否定式為don't/doesn,t/didn'tneed(todosth.)；作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，只能用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中，否定式為needn't(dosth.),除有過(guò)去式外，沒(méi)有其它的形態(tài)變化14.Eatabalanceddiettostayhealthy.tostayhealthy是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)15.I’mnotfeelingverywellatthemoment.atthemoment=now【語(yǔ)法】L詢問(wèn)別人身體狀況：What'swrongwithyou?What'sthematterwithyou?What,sthetrouble?2.提出建議(giveadviceandmakesuggestions)-What9swrongwithyou?—Ihaveaheadache.-Youshouldgotobedandhavearest.Youshouldn,tworklate.—Ihaveafever.-Youshoulddrinkalotofwater.Youshouldn,tbestressedout.Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?babysitting,goingsightseeing,goingfishing?howlong/plan,decide/athome,getback【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】visitone'sgrandmother看望奶奶gotosportscamp去運(yùn)動(dòng)野營(yíng)gocamping去野營(yíng)goswimming去游泳1.babysitone'ssister照顧妹妹2.3.spendtimewithfriends和朋友們一起度過(guò)時(shí)光4.visitcousins看望表弟等5.6.gotothebeach去海灘7.8.goshopping去買東西9.10.goboating去劃船11.goskating去溜冰12.gowalking去散步13.goclimbing去登山14.godancing去跳舞15.gohiking去徒步遠(yuǎn)足16.gosightseeing去觀光17.gohouse-hunting去找房子18.goonahike徒步旅行，gobikeriding騎自行車旅行，gofishing去釣魚
3519.dosomeshopping買東西21.dosomecooking作飯23.dosomespeaking訓(xùn)練口語(yǔ)25.thatsoundsnice那好極了27.howabout二whatabout怎么樣？29.howfar多遠(yuǎn)31.howmuch,howmany多少32.haveagoodtime=havefun=havea20.dosomewashing洗衣服22.dosomereading讀書24.dosomesewing做縫紉活26.athome在家28.howlong多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間30.howoften多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間一'次wonderfultime=enjoyoneself玩得高興，過(guò)得愉快33.showsb.Sth.=showsth.tosb.出示某物給某人看givemethebook=givethebooktome給我書，passmethecup=passthecuptome把杯子遞給我,tome把房子賣給我sellmethehouse=sellthehouse34.36.38.40.42.44.45.makemeacake=makeacakeforgetback=comeback回來(lái)me給我做蛋糕takewalks=goforawalk散步decideon=decideupon決定一個(gè)計(jì)劃agreatvacation一個(gè)愉快的假期thefamousmoviestar著名的影星Askheraboutherplans向她詢問(wèn)她的計(jì)劃35.37.39.rentvideos租借影碟thinkabout考慮somethingdifferent不同的事情41.Ican,twait我等不及了43.anexcitingvacation激動(dòng)人心的假期asksb.aboutsth.向某人詢問(wèn)某事forgettodosth.忘記要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記做過(guò)某事buymeabook=buyabookforme給我買書,【應(yīng)該掌握的句子】1.Whatareyoudoingforvacation?I'mbabysittingmysister.Whereareyougoingforvacation?Italy.這是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一種比較特殊的用法，用來(lái)表示按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事情，現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有去做。2.Whoareyougoingwith?I'mgoingwithmyparents.withmyparents是介詞短語(yǔ)，在這里作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，起修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞aregoing的作用3.Whenareyougoing?I'mgoingonMonday.4.Whatareyoudoingthere?I'mgoinghiking逅themountains.5.Howlongareyoustaying?Justforfourdays.Idon,tlikegoingawayfortoolong.疑問(wèn)詞hw。long是對(duì)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短或事物的長(zhǎng)度提問(wèn)，在這里是對(duì)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。6.Haveagoodtime.=Enjoyoneself.玩得開心、愉快7.Showmeyourphotoswhenwegetbacktoschool.fshowsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.把某給某人看8.IWhat'sitlikethere?這里like是介詞，而不是動(dòng)詞CanIaskyousomequestionsaboutyourvacationplans?fasksb.sth.［可某人某事mgoingtoHawaiiforvacation.
36forvacation是介詞短落二在這里作目的狀語(yǔ)，起修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的作用11.BenLambert,thefamousFrenchsinger,istakingalongvacationthissummer.takeavacation度假12.HethoughtaboutgoingtoGreeceorSpain,butdecidedonCanada.thinkabout考慮decideon決定這里的about和on都是介詞13.“Ialwaystakevacationi_nEurope,“hesaid“ThistimeIwanttodosomethingdifferent.w(1).wanttodosth.(2).修飾不定代詞(something,nothing,anything等)的定語(yǔ)常放在不定代詞的后面14.Heplanstohaveaveryrelaxingvacation.plantodosth.計(jì)劃做某事15.I'mplanningtospendtimei_nthebeautifulcountryside.16.Ijustfinishedmakingmylastmovies.-*finishdoingsth.完成做某事17.IhearthatThailandisagoodplacetogosightseeing.togosightseeing是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作agoodplace的后置定語(yǔ)18.She'sleavingforHongKongonTuesday.leaveAforB離開A地去B地19.IwanttoaskyouaboutplacestovisitChina.tovisitChina是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作places的后置定語(yǔ)20.I’mplanningmyvacationtoItalythisweekend.toItaly是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作myvacation的后置定語(yǔ)21.Whatshouldtouriststakewiththem?withthem是介詞短語(yǔ)，在這里作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，起修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞take的作用22.Whereareyouleavingfrom?leavefrom離開某地(注：from是介詞)【語(yǔ)法】一般將來(lái)時(shí)：1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)“be+動(dòng)詞ing”可以用來(lái)表示一個(gè)在最近按計(jì)劃或安排耍進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?！猈hatareyoudoingforvacation?-I'mvisitingTibet.—WhereareyougoingonMayDay?一I'mgoingtothebeach.—Howmanystudentsarecomingtooutpartytomorrow?-Fifty.2.“begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示主觀打算去做某事，表示“人”打算，計(jì)劃，決定要去做的事。TheyaregoingtotravelinChina.Lookattheclouds!Itisgoingtorain.—Areyougoingtobeateacherwhenyougrowup?
37—Yes,Iam.
381.用“shall+動(dòng)詞原形”或“will+動(dòng)詞原形”表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)。(shall只用于第一人稱)WeshallgotothebeachthisSunday.Mybrotherwillfinishmiddleschoolinayear.Thesebirdswon'tflytothesouthinwinter.Whenwilltheybeginthework?Unit4【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?getto,howfar./bicycle,subway,car,train.?busstop,trainstation,busstation,subwaystation?minute,kilometer,mile,transportation,calendar【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】2.gethome到家4.takethesubway乘地鐵6.takethebus乘公共汽車8.takeataxi乘坐出租車1.gettoschool到校3.howabout=whatabout怎么樣?5.rideabike騎自行車7.takethetrain乘火車9.goinaparentJscar坐父母的車10.bybike,bikebus,bysubway,bytaxi,bycar,bytrain(乘坐車，放在句尾)11.haveaquickbreakfast迅速吃早飯12.theearlybus早班車14.takesb.tosp.帶某人到某處15.doingsth.takessb.Sometime/money=Ittakessb.sometime/moneytodosth.=sb.spendssometime/money(onsth.)=sb.spendssometime/money(in)doingsth.=sth.costssb.sometime/money=sb.paysomemoneyforsth.花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間/金錢做某事/某人花費(fèi)多少金錢/時(shí)間做某事16.busstop公共汽車站，trainstation火車站，subwaystation地鐵站，busstation客運(yùn)站17.wanttodosth.想做某事18.walktoschool步行上學(xué)19.inNorthAmerica在北美20.inotherpartsoftheworld在世界的其他地區(qū)21.dependon=dependupon依靠，靠決定22.notall不是所有的23.needtodosth.需要做某事24.numberofstudents學(xué)生數(shù)25.anumberof=many許多number前可用large,great,small修飾其謂語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)26.thenumberof---.的數(shù)量，謂語(yǔ)是單數(shù)27.don'tworry(aboutsth./sb.)別著急(為某人/事?lián)?8.aroundtheworld=allovertheworld世界各地，全世界【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1.Howdoyougettoschool?疑問(wèn)詞how在這里是對(duì)方式進(jìn)行提問(wèn)Iridemybike/walk/takethesubway.Bybike/bicycle/bus/train/subway/taxi/air/plane/ship/boat.Onfoot.HowdoIgetthere?因there是副詞，所以不能說(shuō)gettothereDon,tworry.Letmelookatyourmap.Ok,first,next.Theo….2.Howlongdoesittake?疑問(wèn)詞hwolong是對(duì)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短或事物的長(zhǎng)度提問(wèn)Ittakesabout25minutestowalkand10minutesbybus.
39Howlongdoesttakeyoutogetfromhometoschool?Ittakestwenty-fiveminutes.ftakesb.sometimetodosth.花費(fèi)某人時(shí)間做某事1.LinFei'shomeisaboutKilometersfromschool.2.Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?It'sthreemiles.Howfardoyoulivefromschool?Ilive10milesfromschool.疑問(wèn)詞howfar在這里是對(duì)距離進(jìn)行提問(wèn)3.Inotherpartsoftheworld,thingsaredifferent.4.InChina,itdependsonwhereyouare.dependon視而定;決定于5.Thatmustbealotmorefunthantakingabus.6.InNorthAmerica,notallstudentstakethebustoschool.notall是部分否定，意思是并不是所有的；不是全部的7.OtherpartsoftheworldaredifferentfromtheUnitedStates.8.Asmallnumberofstudentstakethesubway.anumberof=many許多9.Whatdoyouthinkofthetransportationinyourtown?thinkof對(duì)有某種看法10.WhenitrainsItakeataxi.11.IhaveamapbutinChinese.12.Ifyouhaveaproblem,youcanaskapoliceman.【語(yǔ)法】談?wù)撊绾蔚竭_(dá)某地，以及以何種方式到達(dá)某地。-Howdoyougettothemuseum?—Igettothemuseumbysubway.SometimesIridemybiketothemuseum.注意區(qū)別：(1)takethebus=gobybuseg:Itakethebustogettoschool.=Igettoschoolbybus.takethetrain=gobytraineg:Hetakesthetraintogotoschool.Hegetstoschoolbytrain.takethesubway=gobysubwaytakeataxi=gobytaxigoinacar=gobycarrideabike=gobybikewalk=goonfootHow引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句：1.HowdoesLuciagettowork?(提問(wèn)方式“如何”)2.DaveisgoingtotraveltoParisbyplane.Howlongdoesittake?
40（提問(wèn)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”）1.Howfarisitfromthepostofficetothemuseum?（提問(wèn)距離“多遠(yuǎn)”）2.HowoftendoesKateswimintheriver?（提問(wèn)頻率“多久一次”）3.Howoldisthelittleboy?（提問(wèn)年齡"多大”）4.Howmanycowsarethere?（提問(wèn)數(shù)量“多少"many后跟可數(shù)名詞）5.Howmucqwateristhereinthebottle?（提問(wèn)數(shù)量"多少”much后跟不可數(shù)名詞）6.Howmucqisthedoll?（提問(wèn)價(jià)錢"多少錢”）7.Howtallishisteacher?（提問(wèn)高度“多高”）8.Rowwastheweather?（提問(wèn)程度“怎樣”）Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?today,tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nextweek,/lesson,invitation【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1.cometoone9sparty參加某人的聚會(huì)2.onSaturdayafternoon在星期六的下午4.I9msorry對(duì)不起6.go1（）thrdoctor去看醫(yī)生8.haveapianolesson上一堂鋼琴課11.muchtoointeresting有趣得多13.Thanksforasking（inviting）謝謝邀請(qǐng)15.BirthdayParty生日聚會(huì)17.soccerpractice足球練習(xí)19.findout找到，弄清楚，查明3.I9dloveto我非常樂(lè)意5.studyforatest為測(cè)驗(yàn)而學(xué)習(xí)7.visitone,saunt看望某人的姑姑10.toomuchhomework太多家庭作業(yè)12.maybeanothertime也許下一次吧14.gotothebaseballgame參加棒球比賽16.gotothemall去購(gòu)物中心18.lookfor尋找20.studyforthemathtest為數(shù)學(xué)考試而學(xué)習(xí)21.playtenniswithme和我一^起打網(wǎng)球23.footballmatch足球比賽25.writesoon盡快回信22.Ihaveareallybusyweek我一周很忙24.mycousin,sbirthdayparty我表弟的生日聚會(huì)26.studyformysciencetest為科學(xué)考試而學(xué)習(xí)27.給某人打電話的幾種說(shuō)法:callsb.up,callsb.phonesb.,phonetosb.telephonesb.telephonetosb.phonesb.Up,ringsb.28.onThursdaynight星期四晚上30.nextweek下周32.Pleasekeepquiet!請(qǐng)保持安靜，keep+形容詞表示“保持某種狀態(tài)”，keep+（sb.）+doing表示“（使某人）keepsth.保存某物34.cultureclub文化俱樂(lè)部givesb.aring,givesb.aphonemakeatelephonecalltosb.29.be（go）onvacation度假31.joinsb.加入某人一起不停地做某事”，35.trytodosth.努力(企圖)做某事,
41trydoingsth.試著做某事，tryone*besttodosth.盡力做某事【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1.Canyoucometomyparty?Sure,I'dlove(like)to./I'msorry,Ican't.Ihavetohelpmyparents.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can在這里起征求對(duì)方意見的作用。2.Ihavetoomuchhomeworkthisweekend.toomuch后跟不可數(shù)名詞;toomany后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)3.That'stoobad.4.Maybeanothertime.5.Thanksforasking.for介詞，后跟名詞，代詞或動(dòng)名詞6.Comeandhavefun./Comeandjoinus.7.OnWednesday,I'mplayingtenniswiththeschoolteam.8.IhavetostudyformysciencetestonThursday.haveto強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀原因；而must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀原因9.Pleasekeepquiet!I9mtryingtostudy.ftrytodosth.表示“盡力做某事”，不包含是否成功的意思10.Doyouwanttocometomybirthdayparty?fwanttodosth.意思是“想要做某事11.LiLeiisgoingfishingwithgrandpathewholeday.thewholeday=allday整天12.Canyoucomeovertomyhouse?13.I'mfreetill22:00.【語(yǔ)法】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“can”表示可能性，或現(xiàn)在決定將來(lái)的事。練習(xí)用"Can…？”發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)，接受或拒絕并給出原因：—CanyoucometomypartyonMonday?—Sure,I'dloveto./Sorry,Ican't.Ihavetostudyforatest.—Canshegotothemovies?一No,shecan't.Shehastodoherhomework.—Canhegotothefootballgametomorrow?一No,hecan*t.Hehasadrivinglessons.—Cantheygototheconcerttonight?-No,theycan,t.Theyarevisitingtheiruncle.unit6I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?more,than,/moreathletic,morepopular,/twin,both,begoodat?taller,shorter,thinner,longer,heavier,calmer,wilder,quieter,funnier,smarter【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1.longhair長(zhǎng)頭發(fā)2.Howareyou?你身體好嗎？3.Howold多大年紀(jì)4.howtall多高
425.howlongago多久前（的事）7.want/plantodosth.意欲，企圖9.asyoucansee正如你所看到的11.welookthesame我們看起來(lái)一樣,12.thesameto多是一樣的14.allthesame還是，同樣應(yīng)6.moreoutgoing比較外向8.herearephotosofme這是我的照片10.insomeways在某些地方Theylookdifferent他們看起來(lái)不同13.quitethesame完全一樣15.16.17.19.21.23.25.26.looklike看起來(lái)像….一樣,而looksame看起來(lái)很像gotolotsofparties經(jīng)常參力口聚會(huì)-oftengotothepartyalittletaller高一點(diǎn)putsth.insth.將某物放入某物中hascoolclothes有漂亮的衣服begoodatsports擅長(zhǎng)體育18.takesth.fromsth.從某處拿/取出某物20.makealistof列出清單22.ispopularinschool在學(xué)校受歡迎24.makemelaugh使我發(fā)笑27.29.31.33.35.36.38.39.that'snotveryimportantforme那對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)并不重要（beimportantforsb.）putup舉起，抬起，掛起，張貼，建造；puton穿上，戴上，上演（戲?。籶utdown=writedown=copydown寫下來(lái)；putout伸出，撲滅:putaway收起來(lái)，收好；putoff推遲putone,sheartinto…全神貫注于，全身心投入oppositeviews相反的觀點(diǎn)28.aweekendteacher周末教師AbacusStudyCenter珠算研究中心30.elementaryschoolstudents小學(xué)生begoodwithchildren漳J,與孩廣相處32.havegoodgrades成績(jī)出色enjoytellingjokes喜歡講笑話31.can'tstoptalking不能停止講話helpothers幫助別人，helpeachother互相幫助inone'sfreetime在業(yè)余時(shí)間37.oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞（代詞）其中之一40.42.43.44.usesth.todosth.=dosth..withsth.使用…做…be/feelsorryforsb.為某事感到同情或難受；be/feelsorryforsth.因某事感到抱歉或后悔；besorry+tosee/hear聽到或看到某種情況很不安或難過(guò)；saysorrytosb.向某人道歉beginwith從開始41.nextto在befamousfor因…而著名,因而廣為人知；befamousas作為而知名alltogether總計(jì)，總共makesb.dosth.讓/使某人做某事，相似的用法有兒個(gè)感官動(dòng)詞see,let,hear,watch,feel等旁邊，緊靠……【應(yīng)該掌握的句子】1.I9mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.f主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+形容詞比較級(jí)別+than+比較對(duì)象2.Asyoucansee,insomewayswelookthesame,andinsomewayswelookdifferent.3.However,webothenjoygoingtoparties.-enjoydoingsth.=likedoingsth.喜歡做某事4.LiuLihasmorethanonesister.morethan不止
435.LiuLiandLiuYinghavesomethingsincommon.-*incommon（團(tuán)體）共同的；公有的6.LiuYingisnotasgoodatsportsashersister.as…as和一樣（其中as…as之間的形容詞須用原級(jí)）；它的否定式是notas（so）???as7.LiuYingtalksmorethanLiuLi.這里more是much的比較級(jí)，而不是many的比較級(jí)8.Bothgirlsgotolotsofparties.lotsof=alotof許多9.Myfriendisthesameasme.fbethesameas…與樣/bedifferentfrom???與不同10.Ithinkagoodfriendmakesmelaugh.—makesb.dosth.使某人做某事11.Forme,agoodfriendlikestodothesamethingsasme.fliketodosth.12.That'snotveryimportantforme13.What'syouropinion?14.Shouldfriendsbedifferentorthesame?same前常有定冠詞the15.Iliketohavefriendswhoarelikeme./Iliketohavefriendswhoaredifferentfromme.fliketodosth.中的like是動(dòng)詞，意思是"喜歡"；而arelikeme中的like是介詞，意思是“像”。要注意區(qū)別like的詞性。16.I9mquieterthanmostofthekidsinmyclass.17.Webothlikedoingthesamethings.flikedoingsth.喜歡做某事18.Whodoyouthinkshouldgetthejob,RuthorRose?19.Youmustbegoodwithchildren/enjoytellingjokes.fbegoodwithsb.對(duì)某人好；與某人相處融洽/enjoydoing=likedoingsth.喜歡做某事20.Hecan,tstoptalking.stopdoingsth.意為“停止（正在）做的事情”,doing在句中是stop的賓語(yǔ)。如：Whentheteachercamein,thestudentsstoppedtalkingandlaugh.老師走了進(jìn)來(lái)，學(xué)生們停止了談笑。stoptodosth.意為“停卜（五隹做的事）去做某事”，■不定式短語(yǔ)■dosth.在句中作動(dòng)同stop的II的狀如：Hestoppedtowritealettertoher.他停下手邊的工作，給她寫信。21.Healwayshelpsothers.22.Shelikestostayathomeandread.fliketodosth.喜歡做某事/stayathome呆在家里1.Whatareyoudoingforvacation?I'mbabysittingmysister.假期你要做什么？我要照顧我的妹妹。2.Whoareyougoingwith?I'mgoingwithmyparents.你要和誰(shuí)一起去？我要和父母一起去。3.Whenishegoingcamping?Heisgoingonthe12,hofFebruary,2005.
441.19mgoingtoTibetforaweek.我要去西藏一周。2.Whatareyoudoingthere?I'mgoinghikinginthemountains.你在那里要做什么？我要在山區(qū)里遠(yuǎn)足。3.Showmeyourphotoswhenwegetbacktoschool.我們返回學(xué)校時(shí)，你把照片拿給我看。4.Whereareyougoingforvacation?I'mgoingtoHawaiiforvacation.你要去哪度假？我要去夏威夷度假。5.I'mgoingtoHawaiiforvacationinDecember,andI'mstayingforthreeweeks.我要在12月去夏威夷度假，在那里呆3個(gè)星期。6.Whatisitlikethere?那里什么樣子？7.CanIaskyousomequestionsaboutyourvacationplans?我可以問(wèn)你一些有關(guān)你假期計(jì)劃的問(wèn)題嗎？8.HethoughtaboutgoingtoGreeceorSpain,butdecidedonCanada.他考慮去希臘或西班牙，但是最后他決定去加拿大。9.HeisleavingthefirstweekinJuneandstayinguntilSeptember.他將在6月的第一個(gè)星期動(dòng)身，一直呆到9月。10.Pleasedon'tforgettoclosethedoorwhenyouleave.你離開時(shí)，請(qǐng)別忘記關(guān)門。11.Shecouldn'twaittogethometoseeheparents.她迫不及待的想HI家看望父母?！驹~語(yǔ)辨析】一、howlong/howfarhowlong多長(zhǎng)，用來(lái)詢問(wèn)時(shí)間，指時(shí)間上的長(zhǎng)短。Howfar多遠(yuǎn)，用來(lái)詢問(wèn)距離，指路上的遠(yuǎn)近。1、isitfromyourhometoschool?2、doesittakethemtocleantheclassroom?二、get/arrive/reach1、Ioftentoschoolbybike.2、ShewillinBeijinginaweek.3、TheyShanghaithedaybeforeyesterday.三、have/must兩者都有“必須”的意思，它們的基本區(qū)別是：haveto表示客觀上的義務(wù)；而must則表示主觀上的意愿或需要。1、Weeatmorevegetables.2、Iwanttoplaygames,butIlookaftermysister.四、toomuch/muchtootoomuch是用too來(lái)修飾much,加深much的程度，意思是"太多"，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，后接不可數(shù)名詞。muchtoo是用much來(lái)增強(qiáng)too的語(yǔ)氣，意思是“太...”，后面常接形容詞。1、Theboyisfat,heeatsfood.2、Motherhashouseworktodo,sosheisbusyeveryday.【語(yǔ)法】形容詞比較級(jí)：形容詞比較級(jí)是用來(lái)表示事物的等級(jí)差別。I.形容詞比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成：規(guī)則變化：1.一■般單音節(jié)詞末尾加一erotall-tallergreat-greater
451.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以一le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞只加一r。nice-nicerlarge-largerable-abler2.以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞，雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再加一er。big-biggerhot-hotter3.“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，改y為i,再加一er。easy-easierbusy-busier4.少數(shù)以一er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞末尾加一er.clever-cleverernarrow-narrower5.其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在前面加more來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)。important-moreimportantbeautiful-morebeautiful不規(guī)則變化：good-betterwell（健康的）一betterbad-worseill-worseold-older/eldermany-moremuch—morelittle（少的）一lessfar（遠(yuǎn)的）一farther/furtherII.比較級(jí)句型：1.比較級(jí)+than比…較為A+動(dòng)詞+形容詞比較級(jí)+than+B.兩者相比較，A比B更些。Iamolderthanyou.MaryishappierthanJane.HisbrotherisyoungerthanI（me）.BeijingismorebeautifulthanWuhan.MysisterhaslongerhairthanTara.Hermotheristhinnerthanherfather.JackistallerthanTom.2.as…asA+動(dòng)詞+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B.表示A和B兩者比較，程度相同，"…和…相同”。Myuncleisastallasyourfather.TomisashonestasJohn.Mydogisasoldasthatone.A…+not+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B表示A,B兩者程度不同，即A不如B那么…Myuncleisnotastallasyourfather.TomisnotashonestasJohn.Thisjacketisnotascheapasthatone.3.thesameas與…相同。Myfriendisthesameasme.Wearebothquiet.Agoodfriendlikestodothesamethingsasme.Unit7Howdoyoumakeabananamilksmoothie?【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?turnon,cutup,peel,pour,put,mixup,/howmuch,howmany,amount?milksmoothie,yogurtwatermelon,ingredient,sauce,popcorn?blender,teaspoon,cup,/first,then,next
46?sandwich,lettuce,relish,turkey,bread【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】
471.makeabananasmoothie制作香蕉混合飲料（思木西）2.peelthebananas剝香蕉3.cutupthebananas切碎香蕉4.pourthemilkintheblender將牛奶倒入攪拌器5.turnontheblender打開攪拌器電源6.puttheyogurtintheblender將酸奶放入攪拌器7.turnoff關(guān)上，（turnon打開）turnup旋大（燈火等），開大（煤氣等）調(diào)高（聲音等），turndown把（燈火、電器等）關(guān)小一點(diǎn)8.howmuchcinnamon多少肉桂9.oneteaspoonofcinnamon一茶匙肉桂10.makefruitsalad制作水果沙拉12.mixitallup將它們混合在一起14.turkeyslices火雞肉片，aslice13.takesturnsdoingsth,taketurnstodosth.=dosth.in15.slicesofduck烤鴨片17.makefaces作鬼臉makeanoise吵鬧makethebed整理床鋪makeroomfor給…騰出地方11.twopiecesofbread兩片面包ofbread一片面包turns輪流做某事16.rollpancake卷上薄餅makefriendswith與交朋友makemistakes犯錯(cuò)誤，makeone'swayto往?,?走去，18.it'seasytodosth.做某事容易it'shard(difficult)todosth.做某事難,It'snecessarytodosth.做某事必要19.putsth,inorder將某些東西按順序排列20.arecipefor的烹調(diào)方法,的菜【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1.Howdoyoumakeabananasmoothie?如何制作香蕉思木西?2.Describeaprocessandfollowinstructions.描述過(guò)程，按說(shuō)明做。3.Pourthemilkintotheblender.把牛奶倒入果汁機(jī)。4.Howmanybananasdoweneed?我們需要多少個(gè)香蕉？5.Thencomparelistswithanotherstudent.然后和另一個(gè)學(xué)生的清單進(jìn)行比較。6.Ineedsomehelp.我需要一些幫助?！菊Z(yǔ)法】1.可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞（CountablenounandUncountablenoun.）從名詞的數(shù)上劃分，英語(yǔ)名詞可分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式?？蓴?shù)名詞的單數(shù)可以與冠詞a/an連用。不可數(shù)名詞一一般沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能與a/an連用。在這里，我們重點(diǎn)講述不可數(shù)名詞。（1）不可數(shù)名詞包括各種物質(zhì)的統(tǒng)稱。eg.bread面包stone石頭beer啤酒water水cream奶油wood木頭jam果醬ice冰paper紙oil油soap肥皂glass玻璃tea茶gold黃金（2）抽象名詞也是不可數(shù)名詞advice主意/忠告death死亡beauty美麗、漂亮help幫助（3）在英文中下列名詞也是不可數(shù)名詞baggage行李furniture家具weather氣候information信息knowledge知識(shí)news新聞（4）不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能與a/an連用，在前面往往加上some（一些），any（任何），no（沒(méi)有），alittle（少許）等詞，或與量詞搭配，組成短語(yǔ)。eg.<1>Idon'twantanyadviceorhelp.Iwantsomeinformation.<2>apieceofnews.一條消息adropofoil一滴油acakeofsoap一■塊肥皂acupoftea—b杯茶
48twoslicesofbread兩片面包threeteaspoonsofmayonnaise三茶匙蛋黃醬（5）英語(yǔ)名詞的可數(shù)或不可數(shù)，不要從漢語(yǔ)本身去理解，要根據(jù)英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣和特點(diǎn)判斷、記憶。例如：money是不可數(shù)名詞，dollar則是可數(shù)名詞。eg.Ihavemuchmoney.我有許多錢Hehasmanydollars他有許多美元。（6）有些詞即是可數(shù)名詞，又是不可數(shù)名詞。如hair指一個(gè)人頭上的全部頭發(fā)時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞；如果指每一根毛發(fā)時(shí)，就是可數(shù)的，可以說(shuō)onehair,twohairs.eg.Herhairisblack.Whenevershefindsagreyhairshepullsitout.她的頭發(fā)是黑的。她只要發(fā)現(xiàn)有一根白發(fā)就將它拔掉。2.祈使句的使用祈使句用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令等。沒(méi)有主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞用原形。否定的祈使句要在動(dòng)詞前加Don't構(gòu)成。Standup,Please!請(qǐng)起立。Don，twakemeuptomorrowmorning.明天早上別叫醒我。Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.趕緊一點(diǎn)，否則你會(huì)遲到的。Don'truninthehallways.在走廊上不能跑。Peeltheapple,please.給蘋果削皮。Exercise:漢譯英（1）切碎三個(gè)香蕉、三個(gè)蘋果和一個(gè)西瓜。（2）把水果放進(jìn)一個(gè)碗里。（3）放兩茶匙肉桂和一杯酸奶。（4）把所有的東西混在一起攪拌。Keys:
49(2)Howmuchyogurtdoyouputinthesmoothie?Twocupsofyogurt.你在飲料里面放了多少酸奶？?jī)杀崮獭?.cut切，割，剪，割破cutup切碎、粉碎、搗毀eg.IcutmyfingerwhenIcookeddinneryesterday.昨天我做晚飯時(shí)割破了手指。Thebutchercutupthemeat.屠夫把肉切碎。5.add.?.to把???加到匕eg.Ifyouadd5to6,youget11.五加六得十一。Pleaseaddturkeyslicetothesandwich.請(qǐng)把火雞片加到三明治里。Unit8Howwasyourschooltrip?【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?aquarium,sciencecenter,giftshop,/seal,shark,octopus?ate,took,hungout,got,/goforadrive,sleeplate,yardsale,dayoff【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1.talkabout談?wù)?，talkover談?wù)?.haveatalkto(with)sb.與某人談話5.haveicecream吃冰淇淋7.gototheaquarium去水族館2.4.6.giveatalk作報(bào)告gotothebeach去海灘gotothezoo去動(dòng)物園8.hangoutwithone，sfriends和朋友閑逛takephotos=takeaphoto=takepictures=takeapicture照相10.buyasouvenir買紀(jì)念品12.afamousactor著名的演員13.14.winaprize贏得獎(jiǎng)品(獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng))16.haveagreattime玩得高興，過(guò)得愉快18.BlueWaterAquarium藍(lán)色水族館11.havepizza吃比薩餅getone,sautograph得到了某人的親筆簽名15.attheaquarium在水族館17.ontheschooltrip在學(xué)校的旅游19.theVisitors，Center游客中心20.adolphinshow海豚表演21.afterthat后來(lái)22.attheendof…在結(jié)束的時(shí)候,在的盡頭23.theGiftShop禮品店24.atthebeginningof…在?'開始的時(shí)候25.aterribleschooltrip糟糕的學(xué)校旅行26.thatsoundsinteresting那聽起來(lái)很有趣27.makeupastory編一個(gè)故事28.goforadrive開車兜風(fēng)30.intherain在雨中\(zhòng)inthedark在黑暗中\(zhòng)inthesun在陽(yáng)光下\inthesnow在雪中31.takenotesof=writedown=copydown寫下,i己下32.havefundoingsth.很快樂(lè)的做某事33.playcomputergames打電腦游戲34.forsale供銷售35.seeyousoon盼望很快見到你36.inone'sopinion據(jù)某人看來(lái)，某人的觀點(diǎn)上看37.winthefirstprize獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)38.afamousbasketballplayer著名的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員39.inthefuture在將來(lái)，今后40.can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事41.thestorygoesthat???據(jù)說(shuō)42.abusydayoff繁忙的假日，inone'soffhours在某人的休息時(shí)間theoffseason淡季43.noneof當(dāng)中沒(méi)有一個(gè)
5041.aheavyrain一陣大雨alightrain一陣小雨afinerain一陣細(xì)雨42.allday=alldaylong整天allnight=allnightlong整夜【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1.Howwasyourschooltrip?你的學(xué)校旅行怎么樣?2.Talkabouteventsinthepast,談?wù)勥^(guò)去的事件。3.Werethereanysharks?No,thereweren,tanysharks,butthereweresomereallysmartseals.有鯊魚嗎？不，沒(méi)有鯊魚，但是看見了一些非常伶俐的海豹。4.Whatelsedidyoudo?你還做了別的什么事情嗎？5.Finally,theytooktheschoolbusbacktoschool.最后他們乘坐公共汽車返回學(xué)校。6.Attheendoftheday,thescienceteacherwasveryhappybecausethestudentscleanedthebusafterthetrip.在哪天結(jié)束的時(shí)候，自然老師很高興，因?yàn)閷W(xué)生們?cè)诼糜沃蟀哑嚧驋吡艘槐椤?.Thestudentshadaterribleschooltrip.學(xué)生們度過(guò)了一次很糟糕的學(xué)校旅行。8.Theytookthesubwaybacktoschool.他們乘坐地鐵回到學(xué)校。9.ShelivesinCalifornia.Theweatherwasbeautiful.她住在加利福尼亞，天氣很好。10.Onmynextdayoff,Idon'twanttogoforadrive.Thatsoundsreallyboring.在我的下次假日，我不想開車兜風(fēng)。那聽起來(lái)真的很煩人。11.Didyouhavefuncamping?你的野營(yíng)過(guò)得愉快嗎？12.Noonecametothesalebecausetheweatherwassobad.沒(méi)有人來(lái)購(gòu)買，因?yàn)樘鞖馐侨绱说脑愀狻！菊Z(yǔ)法】復(fù)習(xí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)主要用來(lái)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday,lastweek,threeyearsago,in1978,amomentago,justnow.a.be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的句式。否定句是在was/were后面加not,wasnot(wasn，t)/werenot(weren't)。一般疑問(wèn)句是把was/were提前并放到句首，要求首字母要大寫。b.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的句式。①肯定式：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其它。如：Theyhadagoodtimeyesterday.②否定式：主語(yǔ)+didnot(didn't)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如:Theydidn*twatchTVlastnight.③一般疑問(wèn)句：Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+did.否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+didn，t.如：Didtheyhaveameetingtwodaysago?Yes,theydid./No,theydidn，t.④特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？如：Whattimedidyoufinishyourhomework?關(guān)于過(guò)去式的規(guī)則變化規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化可速記為〃直”、〃去〃、〃雙〃、〃改〃四字訣。①一般情況下在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加-ed。如：wanted,playedo②以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉e再加-ed。如：hoped,livedo③重讀閉音節(jié)單詞需雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母再加-ed。如：stoppedo④以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變y為i,再加-ed。如:studied,worriedo規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的讀音也有規(guī)律可循。請(qǐng)記?。呵搴骩t],元濁[d],[t][d]之后讀[Id]。①清輔音[p][k][f][s][F][tF]等后,ed要讀[t]°如:worked,finishedo②元音或濁輔音[b][g][v][z][m]等后,ed要讀[d]。如：lived,called。③[t]或[d]后，ed讀[Id]。如：started,neededo
51不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化有許多，在這個(gè)單元中我們首先應(yīng)記住以下兒個(gè):1.go-went2.take-took3.have-had4.buy-bought5.eat-ate6.see-saw7.hang-hung（懸掛）8.meet-met9.win-won（贏得）10.sleep-slept11.put-put12.come-came13.wake—woke（醒）14.read-readUnit9Whenwasheborn?【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?achievement,record,/firstwent,firsthad?skater,violinist,pianist,/start,stop?talented,loving,creative,outstanding,unusual【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1.ping-pongplayer乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)員2.agreatChineseping-pongplayer中國(guó)杰出的乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)員3.starthiccupping開始打嗝4.too…to…太，而不5.writemusic譜寫曲子6.amoviestar電影明星7.learntorideabicycle學(xué)會(huì)騎自行車8.startlearning開始學(xué)英語(yǔ)9.beginplayingsports開始進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動(dòng)10.alovinggrandfather慈愛(ài)的祖父11.spendallone'sfreetimewithsb.與某人一起度過(guò)了所有的業(yè)余時(shí)間12.afamousviolinist著名的小提琴手13.iceskating滑冰14.akindandlovinggrandmother和藹而慈愛(ài)的祖母15.askatingchampion滑冰冠軍16.thefamousChinesepianist中國(guó)著名的鋼琴演奏家17.asmallboy（girl）孩提時(shí)期18.attheageof…在年齡時(shí)19.takepartin參加、加入20.begintolearntheaccordion開始學(xué)習(xí)手風(fēng)琴21.majorin主修，專修22.startforaplace=leaveforaplace動(dòng)身去…23.becauseof因?yàn)?、由于【?yīng)掌握的句子】1.Whenwasheborn?他是什么時(shí)候出生的？2.Who,sthat?That'sDengYap,,ing.SheisagreatChineseping-pongplayer.那是誰(shuí)？是鄧亞萍。她是中國(guó)一位杰出的乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。3.HowlongdidCharlesOsbornehiccup?Hehiccuppedfor69years5months.查里斯?奧斯本打嗝打了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？他打了69年零5個(gè)月。4.Youarenevertooyoungtostartdoingthings?你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)小到不能做事情的地步。5.TigerWoodsstartedgolfingwhenhewasonlytenmonthsold.泰戈伍德在只有10個(gè)月大的時(shí)候開始玩高爾夫球。6.WhoisShirleyTemple?坦普爾是誰(shuí)？She'samoviestar.雪利她是一電影明星。Whendidshebecameamoviestar?她何時(shí)成為明星的？Shebecameamoviewhenshewasthreeyearsold.她3歲的時(shí)彳院.7.Itwasacomedycalled"HowAlone”.這是一部叫"小鬼當(dāng)家”的喜劇。8.Arthurisalovinggrandfather.Hespendsallhisfreetimewithhisgrandchildren.阿瑟是一位慈愛(ài)的祖父。他與他的孫子、孫女一起度過(guò)了他所有的業(yè)余時(shí)間。
521.ShetouredtheU.S.whenshewasfourteen.他14歲的時(shí)候就在美國(guó)做巡回表演了。2.Whenhewasasmallboy,hecouldhumsongsanddifficultpiecesofmusic.在他還是一個(gè)小孩子的時(shí)候，他就能哼唱歌曲和難的樂(lè)曲。15.Whoisthegreatestmanalive?誰(shuí)是當(dāng)今最偉大的人？16.Mymotherboughtalivefish.我媽媽買了一條活魚。17.The1ivingpeoplearemoreimportant.活著的人更重要°【語(yǔ)法】1.Whenwasheborn?他什么時(shí)候出生的？Hewasbornin1895.他出生于1895年。beborn意為〃出生〃，后面加介詞短語(yǔ)〃in1895〃,這實(shí)際上是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為〃be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞〃表示〃主語(yǔ)被????〃在句中，人是被生出的，因此用被動(dòng)態(tài)，born原形是bear,意為產(chǎn)生、生育。2.startdoingsth.starttodosth.begintodosth都可以表示開始做某事。start意為〃開始〃后接名詞，動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式。eg:Theoldmenstartedsinging/tosing.老人們開始唱歌。Theystartedthepartywithdancing.他們以跳舞來(lái)開始這個(gè)晚會(huì)。另外，start還有〃開動(dòng)、發(fā)動(dòng)、創(chuàng)辦、出發(fā)〃等詞義。eg:Myfathercouldn，tstartthecar.我父親起動(dòng)不了那車。start與begin同義，都是〃開始〃，但在表示〃開動(dòng)、發(fā)動(dòng)、創(chuàng)辦、出發(fā)〃等詞意講時(shí)，start不能用begin.3.too...to...太...而不能eg:a.Theboyistooyoungtodresshimself.這個(gè)男孩太小了，還不能自己穿衣服。b.Thishouseistoobigtocleaninoneday.這幢房子太大了，一天內(nèi)打掃不完。c.Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.她太小不能去上學(xué)。4.描述人的形容詞talented（天才的），loving（慈愛(ài)的），outstanding（杰出的），unusual（罕有的），creative（有創(chuàng)造力的），famous（著名的），great（偉大的，很棒的），beautiful（美麗的）5.attheageof在???歲時(shí)Attheageof4Mikebegantowritepeoms邁克四歲時(shí)就開始寫詩(shī)。6.takepartin參加（活動(dòng)）join-takepartin兩者都表示"參加"，join指〃參加〃某種組織。takepartin表示參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。eg:HejoinedthePartyattheageof40.
53他40歲時(shí)入了黨。
54WhendidyourbrotherjointheArmy?你哥哥什么時(shí)候參的軍？Doyouwanttotakepartinthesportsmeeting?你想?yún)⒓舆\(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)嗎？1.winthefirstprize贏得第一名2.the70-yearhistory70年的歷史其中70-year做history的定語(yǔ),所以year不能用復(fù)數(shù)。如：afour-yearoldgirl一個(gè)四歲女孩。3.年齡衣，方法(1)用基數(shù)詞表達(dá)年齡，可以加上.yearsold"threeyearsold.(2)用when引導(dǎo)的從句whenIwasthree(yearsold)(3)attheageof+基數(shù)詞attheageofthree(4)基數(shù)詞H■-year-oldthree-year-old,注意這種表達(dá)常作定語(yǔ)如athree-year-oldboy.unit10I'mgoingtobeabasketballplayer【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?computerprogrammer,professional,engineer,pilot?computerscience,dreamjob,growup,moveto,fashion,show,retire,save?resolution,getgood,grades,getapart-timejob,makemorefriends【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1.growup長(zhǎng)大，成長(zhǎng)2.computerscience計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)3.begoingtodo表示主觀打算、準(zhǔn)備或有信心做某事4.computerprogrammer電腦程序設(shè)計(jì)人5.baseballplayer棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)員6.takeactinglessons上演技課7.professionalbasketballplayer職業(yè)籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員8.practicebasketball練習(xí)籃球9.movesomewhere=movetosomewhere搬到(不具體的)某一地方10.soundlike聽起來(lái)像11.part-time兼職的，full-time全職的，全日制的12.ayearortwo一兩年=oneortwoyears;anhourortwo=oneortwohours一兩個(gè)小時(shí)adayortwo=oneortwodays一兩天13.mydreamjob我夢(mèng)想的工作14.whatIwanttodo我想做的事情15.somewhereinteresting有趣的地方16.areporterforfashionmagazine時(shí)裝雜志記者17.savesomemoney積蓄一些錢，攢錢18.atthesametime與此同時(shí)19.holdartexhibition舉辦美術(shù)展覽20.allovertheworld全世界，世界各地21.somewherequietandbeautiful安靜而美麗的地方22.sendsth.tosb.將某物發(fā)送給某人24.theOlympicGames=theOlympics奧運(yùn)會(huì)23.Vmnotsureyet我還沒(méi)有定下來(lái)25.NewYear,sresolutions新年的決心26.playaninstrument彈一種樂(lè)器28.makethesoccerteam組建足球隊(duì)30.eathealthierfood吃健康的食物32.takeguitarlessons上吉他課27.getapart-timejob找到一份兼職工作29.getgoodgrades獲得好成績(jī)31.getlotsofexercise多進(jìn)行體育鍛煉33.Ireallylovemusic我酷愛(ài)音樂(lè)
5534.soundsinteresting聽起來(lái)很有意思35.communicatewithsb.與某人交流36.aforeignlanguageteacher一份當(dāng)外語(yǔ)教師的工作37.keepfit保持身體健康38.workharderinschool在學(xué)校里更努力學(xué)習(xí)39.makeone'sresolution表決心40.afterhighschool=leaveschool中學(xué)畢業(yè)后41.internationalmagazines國(guó)際雜志社42.theexchangestudents留學(xué)生43.haveawelcomeparty召開一個(gè)歡迎會(huì)【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1.Iamgoingtobeabasketballplayer.我想成為一籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。2.Howareyougoingtodothat?I'mgoingtostudycomputerscience.你打算怎樣做？我打算學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)。3.Beingacomputerprogrammerishisdream.當(dāng)一名電腦程序設(shè)計(jì)人是他的夢(mèng)想。4.ChengHanisgoingtobeanactor.程漢想要當(dāng)一名演員。5.WhereisChengHangoingtomove?He'sgoingtomovetoNewYork.程漢打算要搬到哪里去？他打算要搬到紐約去。6.Whereareyougoingtowork?你打算在哪里工作？I'mnotsureyet.我還沒(méi)有定下來(lái)。MaybeBeijingorShanghai.也許在北京或上海吧。Unit11Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?dothechores,dothedishes,sweepthefloor,takeoutthetrash,foldtheclothes,cleanthelivingroom,dothelaundry,washthecar?buysomedrinksandsnacks,borrowsomemoney,inviteyourfriends?teenager,hate/takecareof/feed【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1.couldyouplease…你能嗎？/請(qǐng)你干好嗎？2.dothedishes洗餐具3.sweepthefloor清掃地板4.takeoutthetrash倒垃圾5.makeone'sbed鋪床6.foldone,sclothes疊衣服7.cleanthelivingroom清掃客廳8.stayoutlate晚歸9.hisfather,sreason他父親的理由10.12.getaride搭車hatesth./todosth.討厭某事/做某事11.useone,scomputer使用某人的電腦13.dothelaundry=dosomewashing=washclothes洗衣月艮14.makebreakfast,makedinner,dosomecooking做飯16.workon從事，忙于18.borrowsomemoney借一些錢20.gotothestore去商店15.washthecar刷車17.workat學(xué)習(xí)、致力于、在上下工夫19.invitesb.todosth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事21.agreesb.todosth.同意某人做某事22.agreewithsb.=agreewithwhatonesays同意某人的意見makeaface做鬼臉；makefriendswith與交朋友makeanoteof注意，記下來(lái)makefunof取笑makeit成功，到達(dá)某處23.（需了解）makeadeal作成交易makeafoolof捉弄，使出洋相makeanameforhimself成名makefreewith擅自使用make---into把作成，使變成makeone'sliving
56維持生活makeonecould與can的區(qū)別could與can都是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，could是can的過(guò)去式。二者都可用于表示請(qǐng)求。但是用法稍有不同。can表示一般性的請(qǐng)求，語(yǔ)氣隨便，常用于熟人之間或長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩，上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)的場(chǎng)合；eg.Canyoutellusyourstory,Tony?Tony,你能給我們講講你的故事嗎？could表示有禮貌的請(qǐng)求，語(yǔ)氣委婉，常用于非熟人之間或晚輩對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩，下級(jí)對(duì)上級(jí)的場(chǎng)合。eg.CouldyoutellusifitsnowsinwinterinAustralia?Sure.請(qǐng)告訴我們，澳大利亞冬天下雪嗎？當(dāng)然可以。swayto前往某處makeroom騰出地方makeup編造makeuseof利用21.borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物（借入）22.lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.借給某人某物（借出）23.askfor要求得到、要求見到24.takecareof=lookafter照顧、照看、照料takegoodcareof=lookafter…well25.needsomehelp需要一些幫助29.comeover過(guò)來(lái)30.getangry生氣31.haveatest考試32.makeacleansweepof徹底掃除【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1.Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?請(qǐng)你打掃一下你的房間好嗎？2.Couldyoupleaseopenthedoorforme?請(qǐng)你替我開門，好嗎？3.Ihatetodochores.我討厭做家務(wù)。4.Tellyourpartneryouranswertoactivityla.Doesyourpartneragree?把你對(duì)活動(dòng)la的答案告訴你的搭檔。你的搭檔同意嗎？5.Thanksfortakingcareofmydog.感謝你照看我的狗。6.Youarehavingaparty.Askyourpartnerforhelp.Talka,boutthesethings.你要開一個(gè)晚會(huì)。向你的搭檔尋求幫助。談?wù)撨@些事情。7.Takehimforawalk.帶它出去散步。Givehimwaterandfeedhim.給它喝水，并喂它食物。Thenwashhisbowl.Playwithhim.然后，把它的碗洗洗。和它一起玩。Don'tforgettocleanhisbed.不要忘了把它的床鋪清掃干凈。9.I9mgoingtomovetoanewhouse!Ineedsomehelp.我要搬入新房子，需要幫助.【語(yǔ)法】1.could表示請(qǐng)求，語(yǔ)氣委婉，顯得有禮貌。eg.Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?你可以打掃你的房間嗎？肯定回答：Yes,Ican.是的，我可以。Yes,sure/Yes,ofcourse.否定回答：Sorry,Ican，t.Ihavetodomyhomework.對(duì)不起，我不得不做作業(yè)。另外Wouldyouminddoingsth.也可表示請(qǐng)求。eg?Wouldyoumindcleaningyourroom?你介意去打掃你的房間嗎？No,rdliketo.不，我很樂(lè)意。2.could表示請(qǐng)求許可，希望得到允許。eg.CouldI(please)gotothemovies?我能去看電影嗎？肯定回答：Yes,youcan.Yes,sure.當(dāng)然可以。否定回答：No,youcan't.不，不行。
574.關(guān)于to的用法（1）介詞to,有多種含義，to后面加名詞或代詞。a.向（某處），去（某地）eg.AllroadsleadtoRome.條條大路通羅馬。Let'sgotothemovies.讓我們?nèi)タ措娪鞍?。b.到（某時(shí)間或數(shù)量）eg.It'stentofourbymywatch.我的表是四點(diǎn)差十分。Don'tleavethingstothelastmoment.不要把事情都推到最后一刻才做。c.向，為eg.r11speaktohimaboutit.我去和他談這件事eg.HappyNewYear!一Thesametoyou!彼此彼此。d.對(duì)eg.Heisalwayspolitetous.他一向?qū)ξ覀冇卸Y貌。（2）to做為動(dòng)詞不定式的標(biāo)志，to+動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞不定式是動(dòng)詞的一種非限定形式。to可以為其標(biāo)志。也就是說(shuō)，to后面如果加動(dòng)詞，或助動(dòng)詞，一定要加原形。下面把我們學(xué)過(guò)的一些關(guān)于to的短語(yǔ)總結(jié)一下：havetodosth不得不，必須做某事needtodosth需要做某事hatetodosth討厭做某事liketodosth喜歡做某事wanttodosth想做某事lovetodosth熱愛(ài)做某事forgettodosth忘記做某事starttodosth開始做某事begintodosth開始做某事asksbtodosth請(qǐng)某人做某事Unit12whatJsthebestradiostation?【重點(diǎn)詞匯】?theater,cinema/trendy,quality,comfortable,closeto?seat,screen,jeans,/performer,radio【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1.thebestradiostation最好的無(wú)線電臺(tái)2.comfortableseats舒適的椅子4.friendlyservice友好的服務(wù)6.closetohome離家近8.TownCinema城鎮(zhèn)電影院10.MoviePalace電影藝術(shù)宮12.TrendyTeens時(shí)髦少年服裝店14.havegoodqualityclothes服裝質(zhì)量好15.intown在城里，inthecity在城市里，16.thebeatclothingstore最好的服裝店station3.bigscreens大屏幕5.newmovies新電影7.inafunpartoftown在城鎮(zhèn)鬧區(qū)9.ScreenCity大屏幕影視城11.JeansCorner牛仔廣角13.EasyListening輕松聽力inthecountry在鄉(xiāng)下17.doasurveyof對(duì)…進(jìn)行調(diào)查18.allthemovietheaters所有的電影院19.themostinterestingmusic最有趣的音樂(lè)20.be(get,become,feel)interestedin對(duì)…感興趣
5820.positivewords肯定的詞語(yǔ)22.negativewords否定的詞語(yǔ)
5923.themostcreative最有創(chuàng)造力的25.themathteacher數(shù)學(xué)老師27.wintheprizefor贏得的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)29.thefunniestactor最滑稽的演員31.actionmovies動(dòng)作片33.inthenorthofChina在中國(guó)的北部35.CentralPark中心公園37.ForbiddenCity紫禁城24.themostboring最煩人的26.agreatsuccess巨大的成功28.withoutmusic沒(méi)有音樂(lè)伴奏下30.theworstmovie最差的電影32.beautifulbeaches美麗的海灘34.anIceandSnowFestival冰雪節(jié)36.leaderofaband樂(lè)隊(duì)指揮38.elementaryschool小學(xué)【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1.What'sthebestradiostation?哪一家是最好的廣播電臺(tái)？2.Howdoyouchoosewhatmovietheatertogoto?你如何選擇去哪一家影劇院。3.IthinkGoldTheaterhasthemostcomfortableseats?我認(rèn)為黃金劇院的座位最舒適。4.Whatdoyoungpeoplethinkaboutplacesintown?年輕人認(rèn)為我們鎮(zhèn)里的場(chǎng)所怎么樣？5.Thefilmisinteresting.這電影令人感興趣。6.Wherearewegoingforlunch?我們到哪里吃午飯?7.MysisterIsabelisthefunniestpersonIknow.我妹妹伊莎貝爾是我知道的最滑稽的人。8.Lastweek'stalentshowwasagreatsuccess.上個(gè)星期的才藝表演獲得了巨大的成功。9.Hedancedwithoutmusic.在沒(méi)有音樂(lè)伴奏的情況下，他跳了一，曲?！菊Z(yǔ)法】形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。(1)規(guī)則變化<1>一般情況下，單音節(jié)或雙音節(jié)的形容詞(或副詞)比較級(jí)+er,最高級(jí)+est如：clever-cleverer-cleverestfew-fewer-fewestsmall-smaller-smallest等<2>以e結(jié)尾的詞，比較級(jí)+r,最高級(jí)+st即可如：nice-nicer-nicestcute-cuter-cutestlarge-larger-largest<3>以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的變y為i+er或est如：easy-easier-easiesthappy-happier-happiest再如：early,busy,heavy,dirty,lazy.也如此<4>雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母+er或est的詞同學(xué)要用心去記。1.fat-fatter-fattest2.thin—thinner-thinnest3.hot-hotter-hottest4.red-redder-reddest5.wet—wetter-wettest6.big-bigger—biggest<5>多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)的詞需要在形容詞原級(jí)前+more構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，+themost構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。如：beautiful-morebeautiful——themostbeautiful.interesting,expensive等也是如此。far-farther-farthest（距離遠(yuǎn)）far一further一furthest（程度深）old一elder（長(zhǎng)幼）一eldestold一older（年齡）一oldest又如：delicious,popular,important,雙音節(jié)的詞如careful-morecareful-themostcarefuluseful-moreuseful—themostuseful.少數(shù)單音節(jié)詞也是這樣如：pleased-morepleased-themostpleasedtired-moretried-themosttired（2）不規(guī)則變化：Good一better-bestWell—better一一bestbad—worseworstmany,much——more——most
60在這個(gè)單元中出現(xiàn)的形容詞比級(jí)較和最高級(jí)如下:
615.Don，tcountyourchickensbeforetheyhatch.小雞孵出之后才算數(shù)6.Hebitesoffthanhercanchew.(Theeyeisbiggerthanthebelly.)貪多嚼不爛7.Everyonehasaskeletoninhiscloset.人人都有不可告人之事8.Toteachafishhowtoswim.班弄斧.9.Romewasn，tbuiltinaday.偉業(yè)非一日建成10.Wellbegun,halfdone.好的開始，成功了一半11.Everycloudhasasilverlining,烏云背后是銀邊12.Lookbeforeyouleap.三思而后行13.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.物以類聚14.Alittleknowledgeisdangerous.一?知半解最危險(xiǎn)15.Clothesmaketheman.人要衣裝,佛要金裝16.Agoodmedicinetastesbitter.良藥苦口.17.Historyrepeatsitself.歷史會(huì)重演18.strikewhiletheironishot.趁熱打鐵19.aspoorasachurchmouse,窮得一文不名20.Wherethere,ssmoke,there，sfire.無(wú)風(fēng)不起浪.事出必有因21.Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.千里之行始于足下22.Arollingstonegathersnomoss.滾石不生苔.轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)不聚財(cái)23.Manyhandsmakelightwork.人多好做事.24.Amissisasgoodasamile,失之毫厘，差之千里.25.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患難見真情.26.Abadbeginningmakesabadending.不善始者不善終.27.Ayoungidler,anoldbeggar.少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲.28.DoastheRomansdo.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗.29.Manythingsgrowinthegardenthatwereneversownthere.有心栽花花不發(fā),無(wú)心插柳柳成蔭.30.Misfortunesnevercomealone.禍不單彳亍.31.Nevertoooldtolearn,nevertoolatetoturn.亡羊補(bǔ)牢，為時(shí)未晚.32.Noonecancallbackyesterday.昨日不會(huì)重現(xiàn).33.Nosweetwithoutsweat.先苦后甜.34.Stillwaterrundeep.靜水流深.35.Thepotcallsthekettleblack.五十步笑百步.36.Thewaterthatbearstheboatisthesamethatswallowsitup,水能載舟，亦能覆舟.37.Thinktwicebeforeyoudo.三思而后行.38.Timetriesall.路遙知馬力,日久見人心.39.Tosavetimeistolengthenlife.節(jié)約時(shí)間就是延長(zhǎng)生命.40.Troublesnevercomesingly.福無(wú)雙至，禍不單行.41.Waterdroppingdaybydaywearsthehardestrockaway,i商水穿石.42.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.入國(guó)問(wèn)禁，入鄉(xiāng)隨俗.43.Wherethereislife,thereishope.留得青山在,不怕沒(méi)柴燒.
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