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1、基于Matlab的FIR濾波器設(shè)計(jì)摘要在數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng)中輸入信號(hào)中所含的干擾對(duì)系統(tǒng)的性能會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的影響,因此需要對(duì)輸入信號(hào)進(jìn)行處理,已提取有用信號(hào)。本設(shè)計(jì)研究基于MATLAB的FIR數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計(jì),是基于應(yīng)用計(jì)算機(jī)軟件編程。首先要了解濾波器的基本工作原理,針對(duì)FIR濾波器,有各種不同的設(shè)計(jì)方法。有限脈沖響應(yīng)(FIR)濾波器在保證幅度特性滿足技術(shù)要求的同時(shí),很容易做到有嚴(yán)格的線性相位特性。因此有限脈沖響應(yīng)(FIR)濾波器在數(shù)字信號(hào)處理中發(fā)揮著重要的作用,采用Matlab軟件對(duì)FIR數(shù)字濾波器進(jìn)行仿真設(shè)計(jì),簡化了設(shè)計(jì)中的繁瑣
2、的計(jì)算。本設(shè)計(jì)主要采用窗函數(shù)法,頻率采樣法和契比雪夫等波紋最佳逼近法,通過調(diào)用Matlab函數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)FIR數(shù)字濾波器。繪制對(duì)應(yīng)的幅頻特性曲線。最后用基于Matlab函數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)的FIR數(shù)字濾波器處理加噪語音信號(hào),通過濾波前后信號(hào)的頻譜圖和生成的聲音文件的對(duì)比,分析不同F(xiàn)IR濾波器的濾波效果。并進(jìn)行比較,對(duì)效果不佳的濾波器進(jìn)行參數(shù)調(diào)整,得出最佳效果的FIR數(shù)字濾波器。關(guān)鍵詞:MATLAB;FIR數(shù)字濾波器;仿真;窗函數(shù)法;頻率采樣法;契比雪夫等波紋最佳逼近法;AbstractInputsignalcontainedintheint
3、erferenceinthedigitalcontrolsystemwillhaveahugeimpactontheperformanceofthesystem,requiredforprocessingtheinputsignal,extracttheusefulsignal.ThisdesignbasedonMATLABFIRdigitalfilterdesignisbasedontheapplicationofcomputersoftwareprogramming.Wemustfirstunderstandtheba
4、sicworkingprincipleofthefilter,FIRfilter,thereareavarietyofdifferentdesignmethods.FiniteImpulseResponse(FIR)filtertoensurethattheamplitudecharacteristicstomeetthetechnicalrequirements,itiseasytodoastrictlylinearphasecharacteristics.FiniteImpulseResponse(FIR)filter
5、indigitalsignalprocessingplaysanimportantroleinthesimulationdesignofFIRdigitalfiltersusingMatlabsoftwaretosimplifythetediouscalculationofthedesign.Thedesignofthemainwindowfunctionmethod,frequencysamplingmethodanddeedthanKhrushchevandothercorrugatedbestapproximatio
6、nbycallingMatlabfunctionstodesignFIRdigitalfilter.Drawthecorrespondingamplitude-frequencycharacteristiccurve.Finally,basedontheMatlabfunctiondesignFIRdigitalfilternoisevoicesignalbythefrequencyspectrumofthesignalbeforeandafterfilteringandcomparisonofthegeneratedso
7、undfiles,analysisofthefilteringeffectoftheFIRfilter.Andineffectivefilterparameteradjustment,andobtainedthebestresultsoftheFIRdigitalfilter.Keywords:MATLAB;FIRdigitalfilter;simulation;windowfunctionmethod;frequencysamplingmethod;deedChebyshevequirippleapproximation
8、method;引言數(shù)字信號(hào)處理(DSP,digitalsignalprocessing)是從20世紀(jì)60年代以來,隨信息學(xué)科和計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)科的高速發(fā)展而迅速發(fā)展起來的一門新興學(xué)科。它的重要性日益在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用中表現(xiàn)出來。簡言之,數(shù)字信號(hào)處理是把信號(hào)用數(shù)字或符號(hào)表示的序列,通過計(jì)算機(jī)或通用(專用)信號(hào)處理設(shè)