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1、2016年5月農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報第47卷第5期doi:10.6041/j.issn.10001298.2016.05.054軸向柱塞液壓馬達機械液壓耦合仿真分析1,211222高有山權(quán)龍黃家海張一蔚鵬飛孫宣德(1.太原理工大學機械電子工程研究所,太原030024;2.太原科技大學機械工程學院,太原030024)摘要:為了使軸向柱塞液壓馬達仿真模型接近于物理樣機,采用機械、液壓耦合模型并綜合考慮柱塞和缸體、柱塞和斜盤等摩擦副的摩擦力和液體的粘性阻尼以及減小壓力脈動的三角阻尼槽等因素,建立了軸向柱塞液壓馬達仿真模型。液壓馬達高壓油推動柱塞位移
2、、機械能推動柱塞排油,實現(xiàn)液壓能和機械能相互轉(zhuǎn)換,主要包括壓力源(恒流源或恒壓源)、負載(外部阻力矩,轉(zhuǎn)動慣量)、柱塞缸體組件、柱塞往復和旋轉(zhuǎn)運動轉(zhuǎn)換組件、配流窗口等。仿真結(jié)果與有關(guān)文獻中液壓馬達實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行對比,馬達轉(zhuǎn)速、加速時間、最大輸出流量的仿真值與實驗值誤差均小于5%,驗證了仿真模型能夠保證較好的計算精度。仿真結(jié)果表明,由于卸荷槽和腰型槽過渡區(qū)域有通流面積突變現(xiàn)象,容易產(chǎn)生局部壓力脈沖現(xiàn)象,且轉(zhuǎn)速越高壓力波動越大,通過優(yōu)化卸荷槽結(jié)構(gòu)型式和參數(shù)可以減小脈動沖擊;液壓馬達工作特性受負載的影響,負載的總轉(zhuǎn)動慣量大時加速時間長而穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)
3、速波動區(qū)間窄,相應產(chǎn)生的脈動也趨于減小。關(guān)鍵詞:軸向柱塞液壓馬達;機械液壓耦合;仿真分析中圖分類號:TH137文獻標識碼:A文章編號:10001298(2016)05039506SimulationAnalysisofAxialPistonHydraulicMotorsbyMechanicalCouplingwithHydraulic1,211222GaoYoushanQuanLongHuangJiahaiZhangYiYuPengfeiSunXuande(1.InstituteofMechatronicEngineering,
4、TaiyuanUniversityofTechnology,Taiyuan030024,China2.CollegeofMechanicalEngineering,TaiyuanUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Taiyuan030024,China)Abstract:Inordertomakethesimulationmodelclosertophysicalprototype,mechanicalhydrauliccouplingsimulationmodelonaxialpistonhydraul
5、icmotorwasestablished,andthefactorsincludingthefrictionforceofcylinderplungerandcylinderblock,cylinderplungerandswashplate,theviscousdampingoffluidandthetriangledampinggroovewhichistodecreasethepressurefluctuationweretakenintoconsideration.Throughthehighpressureoilofthe
6、hydraulicmotorpushingplungertomoveandmechanicalenergydrivingplungertodischargeoil,themutualconversionbetweenhydraulicenergyandmechanicalenergywasimplemented.Thesimulationmodelmainlyincludedthepressuresource(constantcurrentsourceorconstantvoltagesource),load(externalresi
7、stancemoment),pistonandcylindercomponents,reciprocatingandrotatingmotiontransformationcomponentsoftheplunger,oildistributionport,etc.Inthemodel,cylinderwasconnectedwithrigidorelasticlockingdevice.Pistonandcylindersurfaceissimplifiedtoaspringdamperelasticsealingunit.In
8、ordertorealizepositiveinversionofthehydraulicmotor,triangleunloadinggroovewassetinthebothendsoftheoilinletando