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1、湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)理學(xué)院2013屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)摘要隨著日益加劇的能源與環(huán)境危機(jī),人們開始尋求一種可再生的潔能源,太陽能則是較為理想的一種。太陽能作為清潔能源中的一種,具有無污染、無噪音、安全、占地少、儲量巨大等特點(diǎn)成為人們越來越關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。目前光伏技術(shù)已經(jīng)歷晶硅與薄膜電池兩代,光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)發(fā)展至今由于高成本和并不理想的發(fā)電效率沒能得到普及。本文中所提到的聚光光伏技術(shù)是近些年取得較好成就的第三代光伏技術(shù),聚光光伏技術(shù)在以上兩方面得到較大的突破。聚光光伏的核心是具有高光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率的Ⅲ—Ⅴ族電池和聚光系統(tǒng)。通過外延生長技術(shù)形成多節(jié)電池,令電池片光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率達(dá)到前所未有的水
2、平。聚光系統(tǒng)則是通過將入射光匯聚于電池表面增加了電池的輻照度和光強(qiáng),是有效提升電池光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率的做法。屋頂系統(tǒng)作為光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)的一個(gè)重要應(yīng)用,其目的是通過發(fā)電模組與建筑、環(huán)境的有機(jī)結(jié)合,達(dá)到與主電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)發(fā)電或在偏遠(yuǎn)無電地區(qū)實(shí)現(xiàn)獨(dú)立的發(fā)電微網(wǎng)。該項(xiàng)應(yīng)用已在歐美等發(fā)達(dá)國家大規(guī)模實(shí)行,在我國目前處于個(gè)別示范性工程的階段。在我國推廣屋頂系統(tǒng)不僅是節(jié)能減排、解決偏遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)無電人口的用電問題而且也是拉動內(nèi)需,讓進(jìn)入寒冬的光伏行業(yè)復(fù)蘇的好機(jī)會。本文簡要介紹了聚光光伏的原理、優(yōu)勢以及不同技術(shù)路線的特點(diǎn)。對其利用菲涅耳透鏡的聚光技術(shù)和屋頂系統(tǒng)做了詳細(xì)分析、仿真并對其未來發(fā)展趨勢做了展
3、望。關(guān)鍵詞:聚光光伏、菲涅耳透鏡聚光、屋頂系統(tǒng)。37湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)理學(xué)院2013屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)AbstractWiththeenergyandenvironmentcrisisintensified,peoplebegantoseekakindofcleanandrenewableenergy,andsolarenergyisakindofideal.Solarenergyasacleanenergy,hasnopollution,nonoise,focusonsafety,lesslandoccupation,hugereservescharacteristi
4、csbecomeincreasinglyconcerned.Atpresent,photovoltaictechnologyhaveexperiencedamorphoussiliconandthin-filmbatteriestwogeneration,photovoltaicpowergenerationtechnologydevelopmentsofarduetothehighcostandpowerefficiencyisnotidealcannotbeuniversal.Concentratingphotovoltaictechnologymention
5、edinthispaperisthethirdgenerationofphotovoltaictechnologyinrecentyearsmadegoodachievements,concentratingphotovoltaictechnologyintheabovetwoaspectshavegreatbreakthrough.ThecoreofconcentratingphotovoltaicishavingahighphotoelectricconversionefficiencyofⅢ-Ⅴbatteryandconcentratingsystem.Gr
6、owthtechniquetoformapluralityofbatteriesbyextension,thebatteryphotoelectricconversionefficiencyreachedahithertounknownlevel.Condensersystemisthroughtheincidentlightconvergingtoasurfaceofthebatteryandincreasebatteryirradianceandlightintensity,iseffectivetoenhancebatteryphotoelectriccon
7、versionefficiencyapproach.Theroofsystemasanimportantapplicationofphotovoltaicpowergenerationtechnology,itspurposeisthroughtheorganiccombinationofpowermoduleandarchitecture,environment,andachievethemaingridpowerorinremoteareaswithoutelectricityforindependentpowermicro-grid.Theapplicati
8、onhas