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1、湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)理學(xué)院2013屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)摘要隨著日益加劇的能源與環(huán)境危機(jī),人們開(kāi)始尋求一種可再生的潔能源,太陽(yáng)能則是較為理想的一種。太陽(yáng)能作為清潔能源中的一種,具有無(wú)污染、無(wú)噪音、安全、占地少、儲(chǔ)量巨大等特點(diǎn)成為人們?cè)絹?lái)越關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。目前光伏技術(shù)已經(jīng)歷晶硅與薄膜電池兩代,光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)發(fā)展至今由于高成本和并不理想的發(fā)電效率沒(méi)能得到普及。本文中所提到的聚光光伏技術(shù)是近些年取得較好成就的第三代光伏技術(shù),聚光光伏技術(shù)在以上兩方面得到較大的突破。聚光光伏的核心是具有高光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率的Ⅲ—Ⅴ族電池和聚光系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)
2、外延生長(zhǎng)技術(shù)形成多節(jié)電池,令電池片光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率達(dá)到前所未有的水平。聚光系統(tǒng)則是通過(guò)將入射光匯聚于電池表面增加了電池的輻照度和光強(qiáng),是有效提升電池光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率的做法。屋頂系統(tǒng)作為光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)的一個(gè)重要應(yīng)用,其目的是通過(guò)發(fā)電模組與建筑、環(huán)境的有機(jī)結(jié)合,達(dá)到與主電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)發(fā)電或在偏遠(yuǎn)無(wú)電地區(qū)實(shí)現(xiàn)獨(dú)立的發(fā)電微網(wǎng)。該項(xiàng)應(yīng)用已在歐美等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家大規(guī)模實(shí)行,在我國(guó)目前處于個(gè)別示范性工程的階段。在我國(guó)推廣屋頂系統(tǒng)不僅是節(jié)能減排、解決偏遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)無(wú)電人口的用電問(wèn)題而且也是拉動(dòng)內(nèi)需,讓進(jìn)入寒冬的光伏行業(yè)復(fù)蘇的好機(jī)會(huì)。本文簡(jiǎn)要介紹了
3、聚光光伏的原理、優(yōu)勢(shì)以及不同技術(shù)路線的特點(diǎn)。對(duì)其利用菲涅耳透鏡的聚光技術(shù)和屋頂系統(tǒng)做了詳細(xì)分析、仿真并對(duì)其未來(lái)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)做了展望。關(guān)鍵詞:聚光光伏、菲涅耳透鏡聚光、屋頂系統(tǒng)。37湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)理學(xué)院2013屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)AbstractWiththeenergyandenvironmentcrisisintensified,peoplebegantoseekakindofcleanandrenewableenergy,andsolarenergyisakindofideal.Solarenergyasa
4、cleanenergy,hasnopollution,nonoise,focusonsafety,lesslandoccupation,hugereservescharacteristicsbecomeincreasinglyconcerned.Atpresent,photovoltaictechnologyhaveexperiencedamorphoussiliconandthin-filmbatteriestwogeneration,photovoltaicpowergenerationtechno
5、logydevelopmentsofarduetothehighcostandpowerefficiencyisnotidealcannotbeuniversal.Concentratingphotovoltaictechnologymentionedinthispaperisthethirdgenerationofphotovoltaictechnologyinrecentyearsmadegoodachievements,concentratingphotovoltaictechnologyinth
6、eabovetwoaspectshavegreatbreakthrough.ThecoreofconcentratingphotovoltaicishavingahighphotoelectricconversionefficiencyofⅢ-Ⅴbatteryandconcentratingsystem.Growthtechniquetoformapluralityofbatteriesbyextension,thebatteryphotoelectricconversionefficiencyreac
7、hedahithertounknownlevel.Condensersystemisthroughtheincidentlightconvergingtoasurfaceofthebatteryandincreasebatteryirradianceandlightintensity,iseffectivetoenhancebatteryphotoelectricconversionefficiencyapproach.Theroofsystemasanimportantapplicationofpho
8、tovoltaicpowergenerationtechnology,itspurposeisthroughtheorganiccombinationofpowermoduleandarchitecture,environment,andachievethemaingridpowerorinremoteareaswithoutelectricityforindependentpowermicro-grid.Theapplicationhas