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1、英漢習(xí)語的主要來源及文化異同比較ContrastiveStudyofEnglishandChineseIdioms目錄1.1Relationshipbetweenlanguageandculture2語言和文化的關(guān)系21.1.1Definitionsoflanguageandculture語言和文化的含義21.1.2語言和文化之間的關(guān)系5二、習(xí)語和文化11(一)習(xí)語的定義11(二)成語與文化之間的關(guān)系13三、對比研究英語和漢語dioms來源15(一)相似的英語和漢語成語的來源152。從文學(xué)作品163。從寓言和神話191。從歷史典故24
2、(二)在英語和漢語習(xí)語的來源不同261。從娛樂和活動263-2.1FromEntertainmentandActivities從娛樂活動來說283.2.3從商務(wù)和業(yè)務(wù)313.2.2從地理環(huán)境31四、PartVImplications335.1LanguageLearningandTeaching335.2TransiationofIdioms345.3RhetoricalDevice355.4CultureLearning36五、總結(jié)36431.1Relationshipbetweenlanguageandculture語言和文化的關(guān)
3、系1.1.1Definitionsoflanguageandculture語言和文化的含義Languageis‘a(chǎn)systemofsounds,words,patterns,etc.usedbyhumanstocommunicatethoughtsandfeelings.’(OxfordAdvancedLearner'sEnglish-ChineseDictionary,1997)ItisasymbolsofmarkedandnationalqualityandhistoricsignificanceCulture.Theanthro
4、pologistKluckhohnoncewrote,‘Humanculturewithoutlanguageisunthinkable.’Theemergenceoflanguagewasseenasthegiantstep;madepossibletheremarkableandintricatesystemwecallculture.EugeneA.Nidi,afamedAmericantranslatorandtranslationtheorist,whiledefininglanguageandculture,pointed
5、out:‘Sincecultureisdefinedsuccinctlyastotalityofbeliefsandpracticeofasociety,nothingisofgreaterstrategicimportancethanthelanguagethroughwhichitsbeliefsareexpressedandtransmittedandbywhichmostinteractionofitsmemberstakesplace.’(Nidi,EugeneA.Lang}age,Culture,andTranslatin
6、g[M],1993.)Whenitisusedincontextsofcommunication,itisboundupwithcultureinmultipleandcomplexways.ClaireKarshelaboratestherelationshipoflanguageandcultureasfollows:‘Tobeginwith,thewordspeopleutterrefertocommonexperience.Theyexpressfacts,ideasoreventsthatarecommunicable;th
7、eyrefertoastockofknowledgeabouttheworldthatotherpeopleshare.Wordsalsoreflecttheirauthors‘a(chǎn)ttitudesandbeliefs,theirpointsofviewthatarealsothoseofothers.Inbothcases,languageexpressesculturalreality.’(TheCambridgeGuidetoTeachingEnglishtoSpeakersofOtherLanguages.Cambridge:C
8、ambridgeUP,2001.)語言是“由聲音、詞語、伙伴等等過于用于人們交流想法和感受的系統(tǒng)”,(OxfordAdvancedLearner'sEnglish-ChineseDictionary,1997)。它包含了