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1、擠壓膨化對嬰幼兒顆粒面中淀粉結(jié)構(gòu)及消化特性的影響謝巖黎基金項(xiàng)目:國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃專項(xiàng)課題(2017YFD0400200),河南省科技廳重點(diǎn)科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目(162102210039),河南省谷物資源轉(zhuǎn)化與利用省級重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室資助課題(PL2017009),河南工業(yè)大學(xué)“省屬高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金”(2014YWJC06)收稿日期:2017-11-27作者簡介:謝巖黎,女,1971年3月出生,教授,食品營養(yǎng)與安全。張春雨王小麗(河南工業(yè)大學(xué)糧油食品學(xué)院,鄭州450001)摘要:輔食的適時(shí)適度添加對嬰幼兒的體智發(fā)育至關(guān)重要,本研究以黑小麥、黑米、黑豆和黑芝麻為原料,采用擠壓膨化
2、技術(shù)生產(chǎn)嬰幼兒顆粒面,并利用掃描電鏡、X-衍射、RVA和體外消化速率測定等手段研究了擠壓膨化對嬰幼兒顆粒面中淀粉結(jié)構(gòu)及消化特性的影響。結(jié)果表明:加工后淀粉圓形的顆粒結(jié)構(gòu)消失,且擠壓膨化淀粉顆粒破碎后重組的顆粒結(jié)構(gòu)表面碎片及粗糙度增高,表面致密度降低;衍射角13°和20.5°出現(xiàn)很強(qiáng)的峰,表明擠壓膨化使淀粉晶型從A型轉(zhuǎn)變成V型;擠壓膨化顆粒面中淀粉比傳統(tǒng)掛面工藝生產(chǎn)的顆粒面中的淀粉有更高的峰值粘度和衰減值,更低的回生值和峰值時(shí)間;體外模擬消化實(shí)驗(yàn)中,傳統(tǒng)掛面工藝顆粒面和擠壓膨化顆粒面淀粉消化率分別為85.13%和92.44%(P<0.05),擠壓膨化提高了顆粒面淀粉消化率和
3、消化速率。關(guān)鍵詞:嬰幼兒顆粒面擠壓膨化淀粉消化率中圖分類號:文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:20170471EffectsofextrusionforthestarchstructureanddigestivecharacteristicsofcerealgranulenoodleXieYanli*ZhangChunyuWangXiaoli(GrainandFoodCollege,HenanUniversityofTechnology,Zhengzhou450001,China)Abstract:Dietarysupplementplaysanimportantroletothe
4、infant’sbodygrowthandbraindevelopment.Weusethewheattriticale,blackrice,blackbeanandblacksesametoproducethegranulenoodlesbyextruder;Thestarchstructureanddigestivecharacteristicsoftheproductwasinvestigatedbyscanningelectronmicroscope(SEM),X-raydiffraction(XRD),rapidviscosityanalysis(RVA)and
5、vitrodigestionrate.Theresultshowsthatthecirculargranularstructureoforiginalstarchdisappeared,theroughnessandthecrushedpiecesattherecombinedgranularsurfaceweresqueezedtoincrease,andthesurfacedensitywasreduced.Thedistinctivepeakappearedat2θ=13°and20.5°indicatesthatthestarchstructurechangeto
6、V-typefromA-type.Comparingtotraditionalgranulenoodles,theextrusivegranulenoodleshadehigherpeakviscosityandsetbackviscosity,lowerconsistenceviscosityandpeaktime.Invitrosimulateddigestionexperiments,thedigestibilityoftraditionalgranulenoodlesandextrusivegranulenoodleswas85.13%and92.44%(P<0.
7、05),respectively.Theresultsshowthatthedigestibilityanddigestionrateofstarchwassignificantlyincreasedbyextrusionprocess.Keywords:infantgranulenoodles,extrusion,starch,digestibility輔食是指嬰幼兒食用除母乳外的、對嬰幼兒身體發(fā)育起到輔助作用的食物。由于純母乳喂養(yǎng)無法滿足7-24月齡嬰幼兒的營養(yǎng)需求,且嬰幼兒的胃腸道發(fā)育和腸道菌群的形成等需要多樣化食物的刺