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1、摘要我國(guó)絕大部分油田所產(chǎn)原油為高含蠟、高凝點(diǎn)、高粘度的“三高”原油，為使其有較好的流動(dòng)性，大都采用加熱流程，以確保油氣集輸及處理過程的正常進(jìn)行。由于在集輸流程能耗中約占90～97％都是熱能消耗，如果在集輸過程中采用不加熱摻水集輸流程，將產(chǎn)生可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。本文通過對(duì)南陽油田趙5井原油不加熱集輸技術(shù)的研究，建立了不加熱摻水集輸工藝的常溫輸送數(shù)學(xué)模型。對(duì)摻水原油進(jìn)行了室內(nèi)流變性實(shí)驗(yàn)，研究其剪切應(yīng)力與剪切速率、粘度與溫度、含水率之間的關(guān)系，測(cè)量了摻水原油的流變曲線，繪制了粘溫曲線，擬合了流變方程及粘溫方程，并回歸了粘度與含水率及溫度的綜合關(guān)系。通過編程計(jì)算和結(jié)果分析，得出摻水量和摻水管線
2、壓降、回油溫度和井口回壓之間的關(guān)系，從而得出趙5井最佳摻水量范圍。對(duì)系統(tǒng)集輸能耗進(jìn)行了分析，建立了系統(tǒng)能耗分析數(shù)學(xué)模型。建立停摻水?dāng)?shù)值模擬數(shù)學(xué)模型，利用FLUENT軟件對(duì)集油管停摻水時(shí)間進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬，從而可預(yù)測(cè)最大停摻水時(shí)間。通過模擬可知，原油的凝點(diǎn)越低，其停摻水時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，反之停摻水時(shí)間越短。含水率越高，其停摻水時(shí)間越短，反之停摻水時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)。環(huán)境溫度越低，達(dá)到粘壁及凝結(jié)的時(shí)間就越短。含水率造成的溫降時(shí)差在高溫季節(jié)較大，在低溫季節(jié)較小。關(guān)鍵詞：不加熱集輸；流變性；數(shù)值模擬；FLUENT77AbstractMostofcrudeoilwhichproducedinChinawithh
3、ighwax,highpourpointandhighviscosity.Tomakesureithasgoodliquidity,mostlyoilfieldusetheheatingprocesstoensurethatoilandgasgatheringandprocessingrunregularly.Becauseheatenergyconsumptionisabout90~97%ofenergyconsumption,ifusedintheprocessofgatheringmixedwithoutheating,itwillgenerateconsiderableec
4、onomicbenefits.BasedontheNO.5wellinNanyangOilfieldgatheringwithoutheatingoiltechnologyresearch,weestablisharoomtemperaturetransportGatheringProcessmodeloftheprocessofgatheringmixedwithoutheating.Weproceedtheneatcrudeoilrheologyexperimentsandstudytheshearstressandshearrate,viscosityandtemperatu
5、re,viscosityandmoisturecontentrelationshipbetweentheflowsofcrudeoilmixedwithwater.Weestablishtherheologicalcurveandtheviscosity-temperaturecurve,andtherheologicalequationandtheviscosity-temperatureequationisfitted,sowecandeducttheintegratedrelationshipoftheviscosityandmoisturecontentandtempera
6、ture.Byprogrammingthecalculationandanalysisofresultswecanobtaintherelationshipbetweenwatervolumeandwatermixingpipelinepressuredrop,andtherelationshipbetweentheoiltemperatureandwellheadbackpressure,thuswecanobtainthebestwatercontentrangeofNO.5well.ByGatheringandtransportationofenergyconsumption
7、ofthesystemanalysis,webuildthemathematicalmodelofthesystemenergyconsumption.WeestablishthemathematicalmodelofstoppingmixingwaterconditionanduseFLUENTsoftwaretomakenumericalsimulationonthetimeofstoppingmixingwaterconditionofgatheringline
