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1、that與which的用法區(qū)別兩者都可指物,??苫Q。其區(qū)別主要在于:1.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí),通常要用which:Thecurrent,whichisveryrapid,makestheriverdangerous.水流湍急,使這條河很危險(xiǎn)。HehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesn’tlike.他得在星期天工作,他是不喜歡這樣的。TheLondonteam,whichplayedsowelllastseason,hasdonebadlythisseason.倫敦隊(duì)上一個(gè)季
2、度打得很好,這個(gè)季度卻打得很差。2.直接放在介詞后作賓語時(shí),通常要用which:Shemaybelate,inwhichcaseweoughttowaitforher.她可能晚到,那樣我們就要等等她。Thedocumentsforwhichtheyweresearchinghavebeenrecovered.他們找尋的文件已找到了。Thismorningsomeportwinecame,forwhichIhavetothankyou.今天早上送來一些波爾圖葡萄酒,為此我得向你道謝。注:有時(shí)“介詞+wh
3、ich”引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“介詞+which+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu):Hehadonlythelongnightsinwhichhecouldstudy.=Hehadonlythelongnightsinwhichtostudy.他只有漫漫長夜可用來學(xué)習(xí)。Hehadacoupleofrevolverswithwhichhecoulddefendhimself.=Hehadacoupleofrevolverswithwhichtodefendhimself.他只有一兩把手槍用來自衛(wèi)。3.當(dāng)先行詞是下列不定代
4、詞或被它們修飾時(shí)much,little,none,all,few,every(thing),any(thing),no(thing)等時(shí),通常用that:Allthatshelackedwastraining.她缺的只是訓(xùn)練。Haveyoueverythingthatyouneed?你需要的東西都有了嗎?Thesleepingman’ssubconsciousmindretainedeverythingthatwassaidaroundhim.這位酣睡的人頭腦的下意識能記住他周圍的人說的話。Shewo
5、uldneverdoanythingthatwasnotapprovedofbyherparents.她父母不贊同的事她絕不會做。4.當(dāng)先行詞有thevery,theonly,thesame等修飾時(shí),通常用that:ThisistheonlyexamplethatIknow.我知道的例子只有這一個(gè)。Thosearetheverywordsthatheused.那是他的原話。5.當(dāng)先行詞有形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞(包括last,next等)等修飾時(shí),通常用that:Thisisthebestdictiona
6、rythatI’veeverused.這是我用過的最好的詞典。Thefirstthingthatyoushoulddoistoworkoutaplan.你應(yīng)該做的第一件事是訂個(gè)計(jì)劃。6.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中用作表語時(shí),通常用that:Chinaisnotthecountry(that)itwas.中國已不是過去的中國了。7.當(dāng)先行詞是一個(gè)既指人又指物的并列詞組時(shí),通常用that:Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatmostimpressedthem.他們談?wù)摿?/p>
7、使他們印象最深的人和事。8.當(dāng)要避免重復(fù)時(shí):Whichisthecoursethatwearetotake?我們選哪門課程?一)當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)只能用that而不能用which的幾種常見情況1先行詞為all,anything,everything,nothing,much,none,little等不定代詞時(shí)。如Thereisnothingthatcanstophimfromdoingit2先行詞前有l(wèi)ast,next,only,very及序數(shù)詞、最高級等修飾時(shí)。如Thisisthemostinteres
8、tingfilmthatwasshownlastweek這是上周所放映的影片中最有趣的一部。Theonlythingthattheycandoistowait他們唯一能做的事就是等待。3先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或最高級等修飾時(shí)。如Thisisthesecondcomputerthatfatherhasjustbought這是爸爸剛剛買的第二臺電腦。Thisistheverypen(that)youboughtyesterday這正是你昨天買的筆。4當(dāng)先行詞既有人