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1、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)外文文獻翻譯院系:土木工程與建筑系年級專業(yè):土木工程姓名:學號:附件:盾構(gòu)SHIELDS指導老師評語:指導教師簽名:年月日SHIELDS【Abstract】Atunnelshieldisastructuralsystem,usedduringthefaceexcavationprocess.Thepapermainlydiscussestheformandthestructureoftheshield.Propulsionfortheshieldisprovidedbyaseriesofhydraulicjacksinstalledinth
2、etailoftheshieldandtheshieldiswidespreadusedintheundergroundenvironmentwherecannotbeinlongtimestable.Themainenemyoftheshieldisgroundpressure.Non-uniformgroundpressurecausedbythesteeringmayactontheskintendstoforcetheshieldofflineandgrade.Andworkingdecksinsidetheshieldenabletheminer
3、stoexcavatetheface,drillandloadholes.【Keywords】shieldhydraulicjacksgroundpressuresteeringworkingdecksAtunnelshieldisastructuralsystem,normallyconstructedofsteel,usedduringthefaceexcavationprocess.Theshieldhasanoutsideconfigurationwhichmatchesthetunnel.Theshieldprovidesprotectionfo
4、rthemenandequipmentandalsofurnishedinitialgroundsupportuntilstructuralsupportscanbeinstalledwithinthetailsectionoftheshield.Theshieldalsoprovidesareactionbaseforthebreast-boardsystemusedtocontrolfacemovement.Theshieldmayhaveeitheranopenorclosedbottom.Inaclosed-bottomshield,theshie
5、ldstructureandskinprovide360-degreegroundcontactandtheweightoftheshieldrestsupontheinvertsectionoftheshieldskin.Theopenshieldhasnobottomsectionandrequiressomeadditionalprovisionisapairofsidedriftsdriveninadvanceofshieldexcavation.Railsorskidtracksareinstalledwithinthesesidedriftst
6、oprovidebearingsupportfortheshield.Shieldlengthgenerallyvariesfrom1/2to3/4ofthetunneldiameter.Thefrontoftheshieldisgenerallyhoodedtosothatthetopoftheshieldprotrudesforwardfurtherthantheinvertportionwhichprovidesadditionalprotectionforthemenworkingatthefaceandalsoeasepressureontheb
7、reast-boards.Thesteelskinoftheshieldmayvaryfrom1.3to10cminthickness,dependingontheexpectedgroundpressures.Thetypeofsteelusedintheshieldisthesubjectofmanyargumentswithinthetunnelingfraternity.SomeprefermildsteelintheA36categorybecauseofitsductilityandcaseofweldingintheundergrounden
8、vironmentwhereprecisionworkisdiff