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《視覺快感與敘事電影（英文原文）visual pleasure》由會(huì)員上傳分享，免費(fèi)在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學(xué)術(shù)論文-天天文庫。
1、VisualPleasureandNarrativeCinemaLauraMulveyIIntroductionA.APoliticalUseofPsychoanalysisThispaperintendstousepsychoanalysistodiscoverwhereandhowthefascinationoffilmisreinforcedbypre-existingpatternsoffascinationalreadyatworkwithintheindividualsubjectandthesocialformationsthathavemouldedhim
2、.Ittakesasstartingpointthewayfilmreflects,revealsandevenplaysonthestraight,sociallyestablishedinterpretationofsexualdifferencewhichcontrolsimages,eroticwaysoflookingandspectacle.Itishelpfultounder-standwhatthecinemahasbeen,howitsmagichasworkedinthepast,whileattemptingatheoryandapracticewh
3、ichwillchallengethiscinemaofthepast.Psychoanalytictheoryisthusappro-priatedhereasapoliticalweapon,demonstratingthewaytheun-consciousofpatriarchalsocietyhasstructuredfilmform.Theparadoxofphallocentrisminallitsmanifestationsisthatitdependsontheimageofthecastratedwomantogiveorderandmeaningto
4、itsworld.Anideaofwomanstandsaslynchpintothesystem:itisherlackthatproducesthephallusasasymbolicpresence,itisherdesiretomakegoodthelackthatthephallussignifies.RecentwrtinginScreenaboutpsychoanalysisandthecinemahasnotsufficientlybroughtouttheimportanceoftherepresentationofthefemaleforminasym
5、bolicorderinwhich,inthelastresort,itspeakscastrationandnothingelse.Tosummarisebriefly:thefunctionofwomaninformingthepatriarchaluncon-sciousistwo-fold,shefirstsymbolisesthecastrationthreatbyherrealabsenceofapenisandsecondtherebyraisesherchildintothesymbolic.Oncethishasbeenachieved,hermeani
6、ngintheprocessisatanend,itdoesnotlastintotheworldoflawandlanguageexceptasamemorywhichoscillatesbetweenmemoryofmaternalplenitudeandmemoryoflack.Botharepositedonnature(oron7anatomyinFreud'sfamoasphrase).Woman'sdesireissubjectedtoherimageasbearerofthebleedingwound,shecanexistonly!inrelationt
7、ocastrationandcannottranscendit.SheturnsherJchildintothesignifierofherowndesiretopossessapenis(thecondition,sheimagines,ofentryintothesymbolic).Eithershemustgracefullygivewaytotheword,theNameoftheFatherandtheLaw,orelsestruggletokeepherchilddownwithherinthehalf-light
