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1、摘要硫化鎘(CdS)是一種重要的直接寬帶隙IWI半導(dǎo)體材料,其納米晶在發(fā)光二極管、太陽能電池、傳感器、光催化、熒光探針等領(lǐng)域具有重要的潛在應(yīng)用價值。目前,制備出形貌、尺寸可控的CdS納米材料是CdS合成的重要目標(biāo)之一。1、采用乙二胺為溶劑,溶劑熱法一步合成CdS納米線,并提出了該納米線的生長機理。通過X射線衍射(Ⅺ①)及選區(qū)電子衍射(SAED)的分析表明,CdS納米線是六方纖鋅礦結(jié)構(gòu)的晶體,并沿(001)方向取向生長,納米線形貌均一,分散性良好。2、采用乙二胺和蒸餾水作為混合溶劑,溶劑熱法合成了結(jié)構(gòu)新穎的六方纖鋅礦結(jié)構(gòu)的榴蓮狀CdS微米球,并得出了溶劑中乙二胺與蒸餾
2、水的比例是榴蓮狀CdS微米球形成的關(guān)鍵因素的重要結(jié)論。3、采用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)為修飾劑,首次通過水熱法制得了具有獨特形貌的花狀CdS納米環(huán),并研究討論了PVP的加入量、Cd:S摩爾比、反應(yīng)溫度和反應(yīng)時間等對花狀CdS納米環(huán)形貌的影響規(guī)律,根據(jù)實驗結(jié)果及理論分析提出了花狀CdS納米環(huán)的生長機理。4、采用聚乙二醇(PEG)作為修飾劑,水熱法合成了六方纖鋅礦結(jié)構(gòu)的枝狀CdS納米晶,該枝狀物包括在一條主干上對稱的生長著六列納米棒陣列的枝狀物以及由多個上述枝狀物集合生長成的花狀結(jié)構(gòu)等,并得出了硫脲和PEG是等級分明、結(jié)晶良好的枝狀CdS納米晶形成的關(guān)鍵因素的結(jié)論。關(guān)鍵
3、詞:CdS;水熱法;溶劑熱法;納米線;納米環(huán)AbstractCadmiumsulfide(CdSlisoneofthemostclassicaldirectbandgapII_VIsemiconductors,andtheCdSnanomaterialshaveimportantpotentialapplicationsinlight-emittingdiodes,solarcell,photocatalyst,anddiagnosticagentsinmedicine.Atpresent,CdSnanometerialswithvariousshapeswhich
4、canbecontrolledsynthesizedareimperativeanddesirabletodevelop.1.HexagonalCdSnanowiresweresynthesizedbyasolvothermalmethodinethylenediamine,andCdSnanowiresaleofsinglecrystalswithapreferentialgrowthdirectionof(001).Accordingtotheexperiments,themechanismofthegrowthofCdSnanowireshasbeendisc
5、ussed.2.MicroscaleCdSrod-spheres、)l,itllhexagonalwurtzitestructureweresynthesizedbyasolvothermalmethodusingethylenediamineanddistilledwaterasmixedsolvent.StudiessuggestthattheratioofethylenediamineanddistilledwaterinthemixedsolutionisthekeyfacterinthefabricationofMicroscaleCdSrod—spher
6、es.3.Well-definedCdSnanoringswithflowerlikemorphologyweresynthesizedbyahydrothermalmethodusingpolyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)ascappingagent.TheamountofPVPandthereactiontimearetheimportantfactorsinthefabricationofCdSnanorings.Onthebasisoftheseexperiments,thepossiblegrowthmechanismoftheCdSnano
7、ringsisputforward.4.RamoseCdSnanomaterialsweresynthesizedbyahydrothermalmethodusingpolyethyleneglycol(PEG)ascappingagent.TheSulfursourceandPEGaretheimportantfactorsinthefabricationofRamoseCdSnanomaterials.Keywords:CdS;hydrothermaimethod;solvothermalmethod;nanowires;nanorlngsII青島大學(xué)碩士學(xué)