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1、帕金森病診斷北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院張帕金森綜合癥(Parkinsonism)診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):具有下列四種癥狀和體征中的二種(TRAP)靜止性震顫、僵直、運(yùn)動(dòng)減少或無(wú)(A)、慢(B)、幅度小姿勢(shì)反射的障礙帕金森綜合癥的誤診原因四大主癥的確認(rèn)查體不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)震顫僵直I級(jí),假陽(yáng)性其他:老年、抑郁、纏足和其他骨關(guān)節(jié)病診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的限制良性震顫特征家庭史飲酒求醫(yī)發(fā)病年齡震顫類型分布病程ARP常陰性可疑早期中年靜止手、雙下肢進(jìn)行性可以出現(xiàn)陽(yáng)性占50%震顫明顯減輕晚期童年、中年、老年姿勢(shì)、運(yùn)動(dòng)引起的手、頭、聲音緩慢進(jìn)行性;靜止相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)時(shí)期,永不出現(xiàn)治療LevodopaPropranolo
2、lprimidone有效可減輕震顫無(wú)效無(wú)效有效有效帕金森病良性震顫GoetzCG,etal.1995;1(4):47FinalNeurologicalEvaluationinBeijing,Xian,Shanghai,2001Non-PDParkinsonismN=132?N=9N=117?N=6ParkinsonismexcludedN=665N=643N=7N=15Parkinson’sDiseaseN=272+1Non-ParkinsonismN=1,839InitialEvaluationin1997Non-PDParkinsonismN
3、=130Lost243Died276ParkinsonismexcludedN=8,205Re-studyN=12,401+2Re-studyN=1,188NegativesymptomquestionnaireN=27,213ResponseN=29,454Parkinson’sDiseaseN=277*N=17N=6N=252*N=2PositivesymptomquestionnaireN=2,241ParkinsonismexcludedN=27,212EligibleN=31,318Non-responseN=1,864Neurolog
4、icalexamN=2,241NeurologicalexamN=27,212+1Lost3,323Died873Follow_upSurvey?ForNon-PDParkinsonismnon-follow-upn=49,traced=62.3%*ForPDnon-follow-upn=75traced=72.5%94%64.4%45.6%33.8%43.7%56.3%66.2%臨床診斷的準(zhǔn)確性22年中,65例尸檢,59例神經(jīng)病理檢查。生前臨床最初診斷PD43例,隨訪11.7年,臨床最后診斷PD41例死后病理證實(shí)31(76%)。(Rajput,
5、etal.1991)病理檢查確認(rèn)臨床誤診為PD的原因神經(jīng)病理診斷59例疑似特發(fā)性帕金森病的主要的特發(fā)性帕金森綜合癥ClinicalDiagnosisofIPD:difficult,particularlyinearlycasesBetweenIPDandotherparkinsoniansyndrome.ClinicallydiagnosedIPD:100casesPathologicallyconfirmed:76cases(HughesAJ,etal.1992)ClinicalFeaturesofIPD:particularlyinear
6、lycasesThehighestpositivepredictivevalues:tremorasymmetryofsymptomsatonsetgoodclinicalresponsetoL-dopaClinicalFeaturesofIPD:particularlyinearlycasesAttheonsetofthesymptomaticphase,theclinicalresponsetoL-dopaisnotyetavailableAsufficientdosage(1000mg/day),[withdrawinglevodopaov
7、er1-2days]animprovedmentinthemotorscoreof30%ormoreindicates“dopa-sensitivity”ClinicalFeaturesofIPD:蜜月后出現(xiàn)波動(dòng)、異動(dòng)典型的搓丸狀震顫,強(qiáng)烈提示IPD可以無(wú)震顫,或只有姿勢(shì)性震顫植物神經(jīng)癥狀不常見(jiàn),或僅輕、中度眼動(dòng)正常認(rèn)知功能正常,某些人在晚期出現(xiàn)癡呆減少誤診的措施診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化詳細(xì)病史采集內(nèi)科體檢神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)查體實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查電生理影象學(xué)核醫(yī)學(xué)診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)帕金森病診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Calneetal:臨床可能:以上頭三種癥狀和體征中的任何一種,震顫必須是新近(3Yrs)發(fā)
8、生、可靜止性或姿勢(shì)性臨床很可能:(2orAs)以上四癥狀和體征中的任何兩種,或TRA三癥狀中任何一種并且呈不對(duì)稱臨床肯定:(3or2+A