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1、常用化肥重金屬元素含量分析評(píng)價(jià)及其對(duì)土壤環(huán)境的影響摘要：隨著化肥的長(zhǎng)期施用，其中的重金屬元素可能會(huì)積累，從而導(dǎo)致農(nóng)田土壤及農(nóng)作物中重金屬元素超標(biāo)，造成環(huán)境污染，其中，Cd，Hg，As,Pb，Cr是化肥對(duì)土壤產(chǎn)生污染的主要物質(zhì)。以天津市薊州區(qū)為例，采集20個(gè)常用化肥樣品進(jìn)行重金屬元素分析評(píng)價(jià)，并研究其對(duì)土壤環(huán)境的影響。結(jié)果表明，磷酸二按肥料中As，Cd，Cr含量較其他肥料顯著偏高，尿素、板栗專用肥中As，Cd，Pb含量較其他肥料顯著偏低，復(fù)合肥（摻混肥）中As，Cd，Pb，Cr，Hg含量平均為11.06,0.240,2.95，19.7,0.054mg?kg-l；薊州地區(qū)肥料樣品中A
2、s，Cd，Pb，Cr，Hg含量均遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于《肥料中砷、鎘、鉛、鉻、汞生態(tài)指標(biāo)》（GB/T23349—2009）國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的限值，樣品合格率為100%。每年通過(guò)化肥可以向每公頃農(nóng)田土壤中平均輸入As，Cd，Pb，Cr，Hg的質(zhì)量分別約為13.275，0.315,3.690,33.030,0.076kg。磷酸二銨和尿素呈堿性，復(fù)合肥（摻混肥）均呈酸性，長(zhǎng)期大量施用化肥可能會(huì)使農(nóng)田土壤的pH值整體下降。境中圖分類號(hào)：S143；X53文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：ADOI編碼:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2017.04.005AnalysisandEvaluationofHeavyMe
3、talElementsinCommonFertilizersandTheirEffectsonSoilEnvironmentWANGWeixing,CAOShuping,LIGongke，ZHANGYana(TianjinInstituteofGeologicalSurvey，Tianjin300191，China)Abstract：Withthelong-termapplicationoffertilizer,theheavymetalelementsinthesoilandcropscanleadtoexcessiveheavymetalelements,resultingi
4、nenvironmentalpollution.Cd,Hg，As，Pb，Crarethemainchemicalfertilizersforthepollutionofthesoil.Inthisstudy，takingJizhoudistrictofTianjincityasanexample，20commonfertilizersampleswereanalyzedtoevaluateheavymetalelements,andstudiedtheireffectsonsoilenvironment.TheresultsshowedthatAs，Cd,Crcontentsof
5、diammoniumphosphatefertilizerweresignificantlyhigherthanotherfertilizers.As，Cd,Pbcontentinureaandspecialfertilizerforchestnutweresignificantlylowercomparedwithotherfertilizer.As,Cd,Pb,Cr，Hgcontentsincompoundfertilizer(fertilizerblending)were11.06，0.240，2.95,19.7,0.054mg?kg-l，respectively.As,C
6、d,Pb,Cr，HgcontentsinJizhoufertilizersampleswerefarlowerthanthenationalstandardlimitvalueof《As，Cd,Pb,Cr，Hgecologicalindexsinfertilizer》(GB/T23349-2009)，andsamplespassrateswere100%.AverageinputqualitiesofCd，Pb，AsCr，Hgthroughfertilizertothefarmlandsoilperacreeachyearwere13.275，0.315，3.690，33.030
7、，0.076kg,respectively.DAPandureawerealkaline,andcompoundfertilizer(mixedfertilizer)wereacidic.Long-termuseofchemicalfertilizersmaymakethesoilpHoveralldecline.Keywords：chemicalfertilizer；heavymetalelements；analysisandevaluation；soilenvironment
