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1、12HarvestsystemsandanalysisforherbaceousbiomassAbstractBiomassfeedstocksincludingcropresiduesandenergycropsholdgreatpotentialforenergysource.Theyarecurrentlybeingconsideredforuseindirectcombustionsystemsandforvalueaddedbyproductssuchasbiofuelsorbiocrude.Amajorro
2、adblockassociatedwithutilizationofbiomassfeedstocksisthehighcostofhandlingandstorageduetolowenergyandbulkdensityofthesefeedstocks.Inaddition,awidevarietyofexistingharvestsystemscreateslogisticsdifficultiesforbioenergyindustries.Theutilizationofherbaceousbiomassr
3、equiresoptimizedhandlingsystemstocollect,store,andtransportyearround.Thisthenrequiresselectingthemosteconomicalmethodsfromvariousexistinghandlingsystemsforlooseandbaledbiomassmaterials.Howthesedifferentharvestingsystemscanbeintegratedintoacost-effectivesupplysys
4、temisachallenge.Thenumberofharvestdaysorthewindowofharvestdependsonthetypeofcrops,geographicandclimateconditions,soilandnutrientmanagementstrategies,etc.Thewindowofharvestcouldgreatlyimpactonharvest,handlingandstoragecosts.Efficientuseofexistingharvestingandhand
5、lingequipmentinalimitedharvestwindowisdesired.Thischapterprovidesprinciplesofselectingfieldharvestmachinesystemstoincreasesystemefficiencyandproductivity.Practicalexamplesareusedtodemonstratecostanalysismethodsofdifferentharvestsystems.Fieldobservationresultsare
6、usedtoquantitativelydescribefieldcapacitiesoftypicalbiomassharvestandhandlingmachinesystems.Optimizationmodelsbasedontypicalbiomasslogisticssystemsaredescribed.Thischapterwillguidereadersthroughthedecisionprocesstoaddressthemethodologyrequiredtodesign,orspecify,
7、abiomasslogisticssystembasedonthesizeofthebioenergyplantbeingsupplied.Costanalysismethodsandexamplesareusedtodemonstratecomponentsoftheprocessthatwillenablebiorefineryindustriesandlandownerstodeterminethemostcost-effectivewaytoharvest,store,andtransportbiomassfe
8、edstocks.1.IntroductionBiomassisadistributedenergyresource.Itmustbecollectedfromproductionfieldsandaccumulatedatstoragelocations.Previousstudiesofherbaceousbiomassasa