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1、摘要表面活性劑在油田應(yīng)用廣泛。隨著油氣田開(kāi)發(fā)的不斷深入,對(duì)表面活性劑的耐溫抗鹽性能提出了更高的要求。氟碳表面活性劑具有高表面活性、高熱穩(wěn)定性及高化學(xué)惰性。本文以全氟烷基酸、二乙醇胺為原料,合成了非離子氟碳表面活性劑N,N.二羥乙基全氟烷基酰胺(FCDA),確定了合成的最佳條件,采用紅外光譜對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征;對(duì)氟碳表面活性劑FCDA的表面活性進(jìn)行了研究,最低表面張力為19.07mN/m,臨界膠束濃度CMC為0.012mol/L;考查了FCDA的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性以及耐溫抗鹽性能;對(duì)FCDA的泡沫性能進(jìn)行了室內(nèi)研究
2、,考查了無(wú)機(jī)鹽、低碳醇對(duì)泡沫性能的影響以及抗油性,F(xiàn)CDA具有很好的起泡性能和耐介質(zhì)性;FCDA在凈砂表面的吸附為L(zhǎng)angmuir單分子層吸附,飽和吸附量為18.5lamol/g砂;將FCDA分別與陰離子表面活性劑、非離子表面活性劑及聚合物進(jìn)行了復(fù)配,研究了復(fù)合表面活性劑之間的相互作用和復(fù)配體系的應(yīng)用性能,并探討了表面活性劑種類、濃度、無(wú)機(jī)鹽等因素對(duì)體系性能的影響。室內(nèi)研究表明,制備的氟碳表面活性劑FCDA具有表面活性高、起泡性能好、耐溫抗鹽及穩(wěn)定性好等特點(diǎn)。室內(nèi)模擬驅(qū)油試驗(yàn)表明,含F(xiàn)CDA的驅(qū)油體系在水
3、驅(qū)的基礎(chǔ)上可以提高原油采收率21.4%。期待在油田化學(xué)中得到應(yīng)用。關(guān)鍵詞:氟碳表面活性劑,合成,表面活性,泡沫,復(fù)配StudyontheSynthesisandPropertiesoffluorocarbonsurfactantHuJuan(Oil&GasFieldDevelopmentEngineering)DirectedbyProf.ZhaoXiutaiAbstractSurfactantsarewidelyappliedintheoilfield.Alongwiththeexploitmionof
4、oilandgasfields,surfactantneedstobegoodheat—resistantandsaltresistance.Fluorocarbonsurfactantisoneofthemostimportantsurfactantswhichhasthehighestsurfaceactivity,goodheat-resistantandsaltresistance.Perfluorooctanecarboxylicacidanddiethanolamineareusedtosyn
5、thesizeperfluorooctanecarboxylicdiethanolamide(FCDA)inthispaper.Theinfluenceofreactionconditionsontheyieldaleinvestigatedandoptimumexperimentalconditionswerefound.AlsostructureoftheproductcharacterizedbyIRspectra.ThenthesurfaceactivityofFCDAisstudied.Ther
6、esultsshowthatthesurfacetensionofsurfactantswas19。07mN/mandCMCisO.012mol/L.Theinfluenceoftemperatureandsaltonthesurfacetensionareaslodiscussed.TheFCDAstilldisplaysgoodfoamcharacterswhenhavethehighcontentofoilandsolt.TheabsorptionisothermalcurveofFCDAonthe
7、sandstonedispliedastheLangmuir’Stypeandtheabsorptioncapacityis18.9lamol/g.Furthermore,thesurfaceactivityandfoamcharactersofmixtureofFCDAwithanionichydrocarbonsurfactants、andnonionichydrocarbonsurfactantindifferentratioalealsoinvestigated.Theinfluenceofthe
8、mixedsystemsuchasthetypeofsurfactant,concentration,inorganicsaltandSOonarediscussedinthispaper.AlltheresultsshowthatFCDAhavemanygoodcharacters,suchashighsurfaceability,thelowCMC,highheatresistantandsalttolerance.And