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1、低鉀脅迫下兩個(gè)不同鉀效率棉花基因型的生長及營養(yǎng)特性研究姜存?zhèn)}1,陳防2,高祥照3,魯劍巍1,萬開元2,年夫照1,王運(yùn)華1(1華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)植物營養(yǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,武漢430070;2中國科學(xué)院武漢植物園,武漢430074;3全國農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣服務(wù)中心,北京100026)摘要:【目的】研究鉀高效高增產(chǎn)潛力基因型和鉀低效低增產(chǎn)潛力基因型棉花對(duì)低鉀脅迫反應(yīng)的差異?!痉椒ā恳院Y選獲得的鉀高效高增產(chǎn)潛力棉花基因型103和鉀低效低增產(chǎn)潛力棉花基因型122為材料,在盆栽條件下,設(shè)置不施鉀和施鉀(0.4g·kg-1)處理進(jìn)行全生育期試驗(yàn)?!窘Y(jié)果】鉀脅迫條件
2、下,103生長狀況良好,只有下部葉有輕微缺鉀癥狀,122下部到中、上部葉片均有缺鉀癥狀;103干物較重大,缺鉀和施鉀時(shí)其根系干重分別為122的1.07倍和1.26倍。說明103的根系發(fā)育較好,為其具有較強(qiáng)的吸收能力提供了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。103在缺鉀和施鉀時(shí)的主莖干重分別是122的1.13倍和1.07倍,說明103具有較強(qiáng)的運(yùn)輸功能。103干物質(zhì)和鉀素的分配主要供應(yīng)棉桃,缺鉀和施鉀時(shí)103棉桃干重分別是122的2.58倍和1.90倍。缺鉀時(shí)103棉桃鉀素的積累量是122的1.98倍,施鉀時(shí)122桃的鉀積累量只有103的49.6%。而其它
3、營養(yǎng)器官則相對(duì)較少,所以103對(duì)有機(jī)物和鉀素的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)能力強(qiáng)、分配較為合理;103鉀素經(jīng)濟(jì)利用率高,是122的近2倍。【結(jié)論】鉀高效高增產(chǎn)潛力棉花基因型103與鉀低效低增產(chǎn)潛力棉花基因型122的差異主要表現(xiàn)在對(duì)鉀素吸收、轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、分配和利用等方面的高效。關(guān)鍵詞:棉花;鉀效率;基因型;吸收能力;分配能力DifferentResponsestoPotassiumStressBetweenPotassiumHighEfficiencyandPotassiumLowEfficiencyCottonGenotypesJIANGCun-cang1,
4、CHENFang2,GAOXiang-zhao3,LUJian-wei1,WANKai-yuan2,NIANFu-zhao1,WANGYun-hua1(1PlantNutritionLabortory,HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity,Wuhan430070;2WuhanBotanicalGardenoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,Wuhan430074;3NationalAgro-TechExtensionandServiceCenter,Beijing100026)Ab
5、stract:【Objective】Basedonscreeningfrom86cottoncultivars(GossypiumhirsutumL.),differentresponsestopotassiumstresswerestudiedbetweenhighK-efficiencyandhighyieldpotentialcottongenotype103(HKHP103)andlowK-efficiencyandlowyieldpotentialcottongenotype122(LKLP122).【Method】T
6、heresearchcarriedoutbyusingapotexperimentatdifferentKlevels(-K:0.0and+K:0.4g·kg-1).【Result】TheresultshowedthatHKHP103grewmuchbetterthanLKLP122.OnlydownleavesappearedpotassiumdeficiencysymptomsforHKHP103,buttoLKLP122,allofup,middleanddownleavesappearedpotassiumdeficie
7、ncysymptoms.Drymatterweightwasalsodifferentbetweenthem.RootdrymatterweightofHKHP103was1.07and1.25timesofLKLP122under-Kand+Kconditions,whichshowedthattherootofHKHP103developedbetterthanthatofLKLP122.At-Kand+Ktreatment,themainshootofHKHP103was1.13and1.07timesofLKLP122,
8、whichshowedthatHKHP103hadastrongtransportorgan.ThedistributionofdrymatterandpotassiumwasmainlytobollorganforHKHP103,thebolldrymatte