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1、棉花學(xué)報(bào)CottonScience2015袁27淵1冤院16―21花鈴期不同鉀效率基因型棉花對(duì)干旱和低鉀脅迫的響應(yīng)差異1,21,3*汪霄袁陳防(1.中國(guó)科學(xué)院武漢植物園/水生植物與流域生態(tài)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室袁武漢430074曰2.中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院袁北京100049曰3.國(guó)際植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)研究所中國(guó)項(xiàng)目部袁武漢430074)摘要院以鉀高效和鉀低效基因型棉花(HEG和LEG)為試驗(yàn)材料袁研究了最優(yōu)水肥淵W1K1冤袁干旱脅迫淵W2K1冤袁低鉀脅迫淵W1K2冤袁干旱堯低鉀脅迫淵W2K2冤對(duì)其光合作用及水分堯鉀素利用率的影響遙結(jié)果表明
2、院干旱顯著降低花鈴期2種基因型棉花葉片凈光合速率淵n冤堯氣孔導(dǎo)度(s)堯蒸騰速率(r)袁導(dǎo)致蕾鈴脫落袁鉀素利用率()降低袁造成棉花減產(chǎn)遙施鉀促進(jìn)葉片n及水分利用率淵冤的提高袁但基因型間存在差異袁LEG葉片與施鉀量成正比袁HEG相反遙低鉀脅迫下HEG的n堯r下降袁但n下降幅度小于r袁增大遙較高的有利于提高棉花n袁降低蕾鈴脫落率袁促進(jìn)鉀素的高效吸收和運(yùn)輸遙關(guān)鍵字院水鉀耦合曰棉花曰基因型曰光合參數(shù)曰水分利用效率曰鉀素利用效率中圖分類號(hào)院S562.01文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼院A文章編號(hào)院1002-7807(2015)01-0016-
3、061,21,3*WangXiao,ChenFang(1.430074,;2.100049,;3.430074,)Toinvestigatetheeffectsofsoilwaterandpotassium淵K冤ongenotypicvariationinphotosynthesis,waterandKuseef-ficiencies,potexperimentswerecarriedoutwithtwocottongenotypes(ahighKutilizationefficiencycottongenoty
4、peandalowKutilizationefficiencycottongenotypereferredasHEGandLEG,respectively)andfourtreatments:optimumwaterandK(W1K1),droughtstress(W2K1),lowKstress(W1K2),droughtandlowKstresses(W2K2).Theresultsindicatedthatsoildroughthadsignificantlynegativeeffectoncottonne
5、tphotosyntheticrate(n),stomatalconductance(s)andtranspirationrate(r),thenleadingtofallingofbudsorbollsanddecreasingtheKuseefficiencyandyield.ApplicationofKfertilizerimprovedcottons'nandwateruseefficiencies().Therewasasignificantdifferenceofbetweengenotypes.Th
6、eofLEGwasnotablyandpositivelycorrelatedwithKapplying,whereasHEGwasonthecontrary.BothnandrofHEGcottonde-creasedunderlowsoilKcondition,whileincreasedbecausethechangeofnwassmallerthanr.Higherwascon-ductivetohigherabsorptionandtransportationofKbyincreasingnanddec
7、reasingbudsandbollfallingratio.OurfindingswillprovideanewtheoreticalbasisforfurtherexploringofhighKuseefficiencymechanism.couplingofwaterandpotassium;cotton;genotypes;photosyntheticparameter;wateruseefficiency;potassiumuseefficiency[1][2]干旱和鉀缺乏往往會(huì)影響棉花養(yǎng)分吸輕脅迫傷害
8、袁達(dá)到不減產(chǎn)遙前期通過(guò)對(duì)不同棉花[3][4][7]收袁降低棉花光合作用袁造成蕾鈴大量脫落袁導(dǎo)品種的篩選和考察發(fā)現(xiàn)袁鉀高效基因型棉花致棉花減產(chǎn)袁甚至絕產(chǎn)遙不良條件下袁產(chǎn)量較高的淵HEG冤在低鉀脅迫下具有較好的鉀素吸收利用[5-6][8-10]作物品種會(huì)通過(guò)改變自身生理變化袁避開(kāi)或減率袁產(chǎn)量高曰但其對(duì)干旱和低鉀脅迫的響應(yīng)機(jī)收稿日期院2014-05-15作者簡(jiǎn)介院汪霄淵1986
