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1、本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計)文獻(xiàn)綜述超聲輔助提油茶皂甙的初步研究摘要油茶(Camelliaoleifera)是我國南方丘陵地區(qū)的一種重要油料植物。我國是世界上油茶籽產(chǎn)量最高、分布最廣、品種最多的國家,年產(chǎn)油茶籽約54.98萬噸,油茶籽副產(chǎn)品——油茶餅粕的年平均產(chǎn)量約為39.71萬噸。經(jīng)檢測分析,油茶餅粕中富含蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪、淀粉、茶皂素、粗纖維和灰分等。茶籽蛋白質(zhì)含有18種氨基酸成分,其中8種是人體必需的氨基酸。因此,油茶餅粕是一種營養(yǎng)價值較高的潛在飼料來源。然而,由于油茶餅粕中含有10%~15%左右的溶血性茶皂素(Theasaponin),對魚類等水生生物毒害
2、性很強(qiáng),茶皂素的存在又使飼料味苦且辛辣,因而限制了茶籽餅粕在飼料工業(yè)中的應(yīng)用,造成巨大的資源浪費(fèi)。鑒于油茶資源的巨大浪費(fèi),本文從油茶餅粕中茶皂素的提取純化著手,旨在實現(xiàn)茶皂素提取方法的改進(jìn)和新方法的探索。1.經(jīng)過測定,試驗用油茶種子的含水量為6.5%、出仁率為70.57%、出油率為25.05%,基本符合理論值。2.通過正交試驗得出利用超聲波提取皂甙的最佳優(yōu)化方法為:提取溫度60℃,提取時間1h,料液比1:10,超聲波功率60w,利用該工藝油茶皂素的提取量為7.9565g。此試驗結(jié)果降低了提取溫度、減少了提取時間和試劑的耗費(fèi),初步解決了皂甙大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的問
3、題。關(guān)鍵詞:油茶,超聲波,皂甙Ultrasonicsupporttotea-oiltreesoapNetworkpreliminarystudyBiotechnology02-1LiuSupervisorAbstractSouthHillsisoneofourimportantoilplants.Chinaisthehighestintheworldapplypainttogrowingproductionanddistributionofthebroadest,mostvarieties,growingoiloutputofabout549,800t
4、ons,growingby-productofoil--tea-oiltreeBingpotheannualaverageoutputofabout397,100tons.Upondetectionanalysis,tea-oiltreeBingpoprotein,protein,fat,starch,teaZaosu,crudefibreandashcontent.Growingproteincontaining18typesofaminoacidcomposition,whichiseightessentialaminoacidsthehumanb
5、ody.Therefore,thehigherthenutritionalvalueofatea-oiltreeBingpopotentialfeedsources.However,thetea-oiltreeBingpocontains10%~15%hemolysisofteaZaosu(Theasaponin),thefishandotheraquaticnoxiousstrong,andtheexistenceofteaZaosufeedandspicytaste,thuslimitinggrowingBingpofeedindustryinth
6、eapplication,resultingintremendouswasteofresources.Giventhetea-oiltreeenormouswasteofresources,thisarticlefromthetea-oiltreeBingpoChineseteaZaosuextractiontorefiningandextractionmethodstoachieveteaZaosuimprovementsandnewmethodstoexplore.1.Aftermeasuring,testingthewatercontentint
7、ea-oiltreeseedsto6.5%,arateof70.57%Yan,arateof25.05%oil,consistentwiththebasictheoryofvalue.2.DerivedfromtheuseofultrasoundtestsbyorthogonalbestsoapNetworkoptimizationmethods:extractiontemperatureof60degrees,fromtime1h,Liufluidthan1:10,ultrasoundpower60w,usingthetechniquesofextr
8、actionforthetea-oiltreeZaosu7.9565gThisresultsf