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1、復(fù)合句【課前導(dǎo)學(xué)】親愛(ài)的同學(xué)們,動(dòng)動(dòng)腦筋,想想我們學(xué)過(guò)的復(fù)合句有哪些種?【課堂學(xué)習(xí)】考點(diǎn)一:賓語(yǔ)從句1.引導(dǎo)詞(1)在以that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中,若是陳述句作賓語(yǔ),that可以省略。如:Theradiosays(that)itwillraintomorrow.收音機(jī)報(bào)道說(shuō)明天有雨。(2)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句由一般疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)時(shí),可用if或whether來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句,意為“是否”。Sheaskedmeif(whether)shecouldjoinus.她問(wèn)我她是否可以加入我們的隊(duì)伍。Hewonderedif(whether)theworkershadfinishedthework.他想知道
2、,工人們是否已經(jīng)完成了工作。(3)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句由特殊疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)時(shí),特殊疑問(wèn)詞就是賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,如who,whose,what,which,when,where,why,how等。Doyouknowwhobrokethedoor?你知道誰(shuí)弄壞了門嗎?Sheaskedmewhosepenthatwas.她問(wèn)我那是誰(shuí)的鋼筆。Sheaskedthemwhattheyweredoing.她問(wèn)他們正在做什么。Tellmewhichoneyouwant.告訴我你要哪一個(gè)。HeaskedmewhenIwouldsetout.他問(wèn)我什么時(shí)候出發(fā)。Whendidthetrainleave?I
3、wanttoknow.→Iwanttoknowwhenthetrainleft.Doestheshopcloseatsixeveryday?Doyouknow?→Doyouknowif/whethertheshopclosesatsixeveryday?(2)如果是由do,does,did構(gòu)成的疑問(wèn)句,在轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),要去掉do,does,did,且從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)作出相應(yīng)的變化。Dotheyoftenplaybasketball?Heasked.→Heaskediftheyoftenplayedbasketball.Whattimedidshegetup?T
4、heyoungmanasked.→Theyoungmanaskedwhattimeshegotup.(3)如果是will,be,have,can組成的疑問(wèn)句,在變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí),需把will,be,have,can返回到句中原來(lái)的謂語(yǔ)位置上,并根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化。Willyoubefreetomorrow?Sheaskedme.→Sheaskedmeif(whether)Iwouldbefreethenextday.Hassheseenthemovieyet?Iwanttoknow.→Iwanttoknowif(whether)shehasseenthemovieyet.3
5、.注意正確使用時(shí)態(tài)(1)如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受限制,可以根據(jù)實(shí)際表達(dá)的需要來(lái)確定。Couldyoutellmewhathesaidatthemeeting?你能告訴我他在會(huì)上說(shuō)了什么嗎?(一般過(guò)去時(shí))Hewilltellusthathehasbeenabletolookafterhimself.他將告訴我們他已經(jīng)能夠照顧自己了。(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))Tellhimwhenwewillstart.告訴他我們將什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身。(一般將來(lái)時(shí))(2)如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)與主句保持一致,即使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。Hesaidthathewasbo
6、rninWuhanin1999.他說(shuō)他于1999年出生在武漢。Theysaidthattheyhadalreadyfinishedthework.他們說(shuō)他們已經(jīng)完成了工作。(3)如果賓語(yǔ)從句所敘述的是客觀事實(shí)、格言、科學(xué)真理等時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句限制,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Everyoneknewtherearesixtyminutesinanhour.4.否定前移在賓語(yǔ)從句中,當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think(認(rèn)為),believe(相信),expect(期望),imagine(想象),suppose(猜測(cè))等時(shí),如果主句主語(yǔ)為I(we)時(shí),從句中表示否定意義的not應(yīng)移到think,b
7、elieve,expect,imagine,suppose前。Idon'tthinkheisright.我認(rèn)為他不對(duì)。Idon'tsupposehewillcome.我猜測(cè)他不會(huì)來(lái)。課堂練習(xí)1.—Doyouknowthelady______istalkingwithMr.Smith?—Yes,she’sournewchemistryteacher,MissBrown.A.whoB.whichC.whom2.—Couldyoutellme________________?—Yes,youcan