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1、“情態(tài)動詞+havedone”表推測一覽表情態(tài)動詞+havedone用法例句musthavedone一定已經(jīng)做了Theymusthavefinishedtheirwork.can’thavedone不可能已經(jīng)做了Theycan’thavefinishedtheirworkcouldhavedone可能已經(jīng)做了或本來可能做但未做YoucouldhaveusedmycomputerbecauseIdidn’tuseit.mayhavedone也許已經(jīng)做了Theymayhavefinishedtheirwork.mighthavedone也許已經(jīng)做了或本來可以
2、做但未做YoumighthaveusedmycomputerbecauseIdidn’tuseit.Should/oughttohavedone本來該做但未做YouShouldhavestudiedhard.neednothavedone本來不必做但做了Youneednothavegoneout.wouldratherhavedone過去寧愿做但未做Iwouldrathernothavegonethere.wouldliketohavedone過去想做但未做Iwouldliketohaveseenthefilm.hadbetterhavedone當(dāng)時最好
3、做了某事You’tbetterhavegonethere.“情態(tài)動詞+bedoing”表推測一覽表情態(tài)動詞+bedoing用法例句mustbedoing一定正在做TheymustbewatchingTVnow.can’tbedoing不可能正在做Theycan’tbewatchingTVnow.May/mightbedoing也許正在做TheymaybewatchingTVnow.口訣:“情動”加上havedone,推測事情已經(jīng)干;“情動”加上bedoing,推測事情在進(jìn)行;條件狀語從句中的虛擬語氣:條件句分為真實條件句和虛擬條件句兩種,真實條件句用陳述
4、語氣,虛擬條件句用虛擬語氣。(虛擬條件句是虛擬語氣的重點)虛擬條件句關(guān)鍵是要熟練掌握以下三大公式:三個相反從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反Ifsbdid/were…Sbwould/should/could/mightdo…與過去事實相反Ifsbhaddone…Sbwould/should/could/mighthavedone/havebeen…與將來事實相反Ifsbdid/were…Ifsbweretodo…Ifsbshoulddo…Sbwould/should/could/mightdo…1、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣:有三種情況。一是在動詞insist(堅持),o
5、rder(命令),command(命令),suggest(建議),advise(建議)。Recommend(建議,推薦),require(要求),request(請求),demand(要求),desire(要求,愿望),等動詞后面的賓語從句中一般用虛擬語氣,其結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+should+動詞原形”,其中should可以省略。把以上10個動詞簡稱為:一個“堅持”,兩個“命令”,三個“建議”,四個“要求”。二是動詞wish之后接賓語從句一定要用虛擬語氣。從句的時態(tài)是:1、與過去事實相反用haddone/hadbeen,2、與現(xiàn)在事實相反用did或were,3
6、、與將來事實相反用“would/might/could/should+動詞原形”。注意:wish在簡單句中并非表示的是虛擬語氣,如:wishyousuccess.祝你成功。三是在wouldrather的賓語從句中,也要使用虛擬語氣,其從句中謂語動詞的時態(tài)用一般過去時。如:Iwouldratheryoudidn’thearwhatIsaid.我寧愿你沒有聽到我說的話。2、主語從句中的虛擬語氣少數(shù)“itis+形容詞+that+主語+should+動詞原形”,其中should同樣可以省略。常見形容詞有:important,necessary,strange,u
7、nusual,curious,remarkable,surprising,desirable,natural等。3、定語從句中的虛擬語氣“itis(high/about)timethat+主語+動詞的過去式,或者是“should+動詞原形”。Time是先行詞,that是引導(dǎo)詞,其意思是“早該做什么事了”如:1、Itishightimethatyouwenttoschool.=itishightimethatyoushouldgotoschool.你該上學(xué)了。2、Itisabouttimethatyoupickedupyourdaughteratschoo
8、l.=Itisabouttimethatyoushouldpickupyourd