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1、ADissertationSubmittedtoShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityfortheDegreeofMasterDESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFREAL-TIMEGPSRECEIVERBASEDONFPGAAuthor:FuNaijiaSpecialty:MicroelectronicsandSolidStateElectronicsAdvisor:Prof.ChenJiapinResearchInstituteofMicro/NanoScienceandTechnologyShanghaiJiaoTongUni
2、versityShanghai,P.R.ChinaJanuary12,2010基于FPGA的實(shí)時(shí)GPS接收機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)摘要GPS全球定位系統(tǒng)作為一個(gè)具有在海、陸、空進(jìn)行全方位實(shí)時(shí)三維導(dǎo)航與定位能力的衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)，其應(yīng)用價(jià)值和市場(chǎng)需求正變得越來越大，成為眾多國(guó)內(nèi)外公司和科研機(jī)構(gòu)的研究對(duì)象。GPS導(dǎo)航定位新算法的開發(fā)與驗(yàn)證工作得到了普遍的重視。本課題研究的主要內(nèi)容是設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)GPS接收機(jī)射頻前端的硬件平臺(tái)、基于FPGA開發(fā)板及MicroBlaze軟處理器的實(shí)時(shí)GPS接收機(jī)。該接收機(jī)能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)GPS信號(hào)的混頻及積分轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)，對(duì)數(shù)字信號(hào)的基帶處理，能正確解碼導(dǎo)航電文，完成衛(wèi)
3、星及用戶位置的定位，并能在上位機(jī)上將處理結(jié)果實(shí)時(shí)顯示。天線接收GPS衛(wèi)星信號(hào)后，在基于GP2015的射頻前端硬件平臺(tái)上進(jìn)行混頻采樣處理，得到實(shí)時(shí)的GPS數(shù)字中頻信號(hào)。通過Xilinx公司的FPGA開發(fā)板及MicroBlaze軟處理器進(jìn)行軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)。其中，通過Verilog編程，實(shí)現(xiàn)GPS十二通道相關(guān)器的硬件設(shè)計(jì)。通過基于MicroBlaze軟核的C編程，實(shí)現(xiàn)GPS信號(hào)實(shí)時(shí)控制、基帶處理的軟件設(shè)計(jì)。這樣，整個(gè)FPGA平臺(tái)就能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)信號(hào)的粗捕獲、碼相位和頻率的鎖定跟蹤，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)航電文解碼及用戶位置定位。通過改寫bootloader和連接器腳本，實(shí)第I頁現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的
4、BPI模式Flash啟動(dòng)?；贛FC，完成上位機(jī)控制軟件，實(shí)現(xiàn)串口/以太網(wǎng)通信和動(dòng)態(tài)顯示功能。關(guān)鍵詞：GPS，F(xiàn)PGA，MicroBlaze，信號(hào)捕獲，跟蹤第II頁DESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFREAL-TIMEGPSRECEIVERBASEDONFPGAABSTRACTGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)isareal-timenavigatingandpositioningsatellitessystemforsea,landandairspaceapplication.Itsapplicationvalueand
5、marketdemandsarebecomingmuchgreaterandmanycompaniesandresearchinstitutearenowfocusingonthedevelopmentandverificationofGPSsignalprocessingalgorithm.ThemainworkofthisstudyistodesignandimplementRFfront-endhardwareplatform,andthereal-timeGPSreceiverbasedonFPGAdevelopmentboardandMicroBl
6、azesoftprocessor.Thisreceivercouldrealizemixing,integrationanddumpingofGPSsignal,base-bandprocessingofdigitalsignal,correctlydecodingnavigationmessage,positioningofsatellitesanduser,anddisplayingtheresultinrealtime.Afterreceivedbyantenna,GPSsignalismixedandsampledbyRFfront-endbased
7、onGP2015,thenthereal-timeGPSdigitalIFsignalisobtained.DesignthesoftwareandhardwarethroughXilinxFPGAdevelopmentboardandMicroBlazesoftprocessor.Thehardware第III頁designofGPS12-channelcorrelatorisrealizedbyVerilogprogramming;ThesoftwareofGPSsignalreal-timecontrolandbase-bandprocessingis
8、realizedbyCprogrammingbase
