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1、ClassifiedIndex:CODE:10075U.D.C:NO:033515ADissertationfortheDegreeofM.HistoryTheStudyonSunShi——theScholarofJingXueintheEarlyNorthernSongDynastyCandidate:GaoDingguoProf.JiangXidongSupervisor:Prof.WangShanjunAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofHistorySpecialty:AncientHistoryofChinaUniversity:HebeiUni
2、versityDateofOralExamination:June,2006摘要摘要孫奭是北宋前期著名的經學家和教育家,他的政治主張和作為也不可忽視。孫奭積極參與經書整理、禮儀變更、茶法改革。他兩次出守兗州,辦州學,修水利,為兗州經濟文化的發(fā)展作了一定的貢獻?!板Y之盟”后,宋真宗為了尋求心理平衡,東封泰山,西祀汾陰,親祠太清宮,一國君臣如癡如狂。孫奭作為一個經學家,沒有隨波逐流,上書反對東封泰山,西祀汾陰,其言切直,多有冒犯,實屬難能可貴,表現了孫奭政治上的高瞻遠矚、卓爾不群。孫奭并不完全否定傳統(tǒng)儒學中的章句訓詁之學,但懷疑某些經典的真實性,把以孔子和孟子為首的儒家學說作為自己經學的
3、衣缽,推研經學的經義,從而闡揚儒家學說中的治國之道、經世之術,為經學最終完成從訓詁之學到義理之學的轉變,發(fā)揮了一定的作用。孫奭治經不但重視經學大義從而推明治國之道,而且反對讖緯迷信,尤其反對宋真宗東封泰山,西祀汾陰。孫奭認為民者神之主,因此作為國家的統(tǒng)治者,應當先成民修德,以保證國家的長治久安。孫奭治經的終極目的,還是為統(tǒng)治階級強化對人民的統(tǒng)治而服務。大中祥符年間,孫奭奉詔校訂《孟子》,并為之正義——《孟子疏》,對于儒家古典文獻的整理和流傳做出了不可磨滅的貢獻。但朱熹卻指其為偽書,其實,朱熹斥《孟子疏》為偽書并沒有根據,該書肯定是孫奭所著。關鍵詞:孫奭;宋真宗;兗州;經學IAbstra
4、ctAbstractSunShiwasarenownedacademicianofJingXueandeducationalist,wholivedintheearlyNorthernSongDynasty.Hispoliticalideasandrolecouldnotbeneglected.HepositivelyparticipatedthereductionoftheConfucianclassics,theetiquettechanging,theofreformtheteataxlaw.SunShiactedasthehighestgovernerofYanzhoutwic
5、e,managedlocaleducation,repairedthewaterconservation,andmadetheindeliblecontributionforeconomicalandculturaldevelopmentoftheYanzhou.AftertheAgreementofChanyuan,inordertoseekthepsychologicalbalance,SongZhenzongworshipedtheMountainofTaiandFenYinandpaiedrespectstotheTaiQingpalace,ZhenZongandhismini
6、sterswerelikecraziness.SunShi,asarenownedacademicianofJingXue,hasnotdriftedwiththecurrent,andsubmitedawrittenstatementagainstworshipmenttotheMountainofTai,FenYinandrespectstotheTaiQingpalace.Hiswordswerefranklyandoffensive.Thisdemenstratedthathispoliticalwisdomwasoutstandinganddistinctive.SunShi
7、negatedZhangjuxunguinthetraditionalConfucianismandsuspectedthattheauthenticityoftheConfucianclassics.ByConfuciandoctrineSunShistudiedthemeangingofJingxueandadvocatedthemethodsthatwasgovernedthecountry,benefitingforJingXuefro