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1、上海大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文摘要自從環(huán)境和能源問題被提上日程以來,綠色能源的利用越來越受到重視,光催化是其中一個(gè)新興且潛力巨大的領(lǐng)域。光催化技術(shù)工藝簡單,成本低廉,利用自然光即可催化分解細(xì)菌和污染物,具有高催化活性、高化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性、高熱穩(wěn)定性、無二次污染、無刺激性、安全無毒等特點(diǎn),且能長期有益于生態(tài)自然環(huán)境,是最具有開發(fā)前景的綠色技術(shù)之一。本文以染料甲基橙為光催化降解模型,對(duì)幾種新型的光催化劑進(jìn)行了研究:(1)以BiNb04具有兩種晶體結(jié)構(gòu)為出發(fā)點(diǎn),研究了晶體結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)催化性能的影響,此外,對(duì)于催化劑的濃度,pH等外界因素對(duì)于催化劑催化性能的影響
2、也進(jìn)行了探討。(2)用貴金屬沉積的辦法,在傳統(tǒng)的光催化劑BaTit09顆粒表面負(fù)載金屬Pt以提升其光催化活性。(3)通過不完全反應(yīng)和混合球磨兩種辦法將Nb205和SrNb206兩種氧化物復(fù)合到一起。復(fù)合物兩相界面上存在異質(zhì)結(jié)的電子空穴分離作用使其催化活性遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于單相的Nb205或SrNb206。(4)以經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式為指導(dǎo),對(duì)一些新型的復(fù)合體系進(jìn)行了初步研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明Sn02/SrNb206、W03/SrNb206、Bi203/SrTi03和Bi203/BaTi03這四個(gè)復(fù)合體系相對(duì)于單相組份,催化活性都有所提升。關(guān)鍵詞:光催化,Pt負(fù)載
3、,異質(zhì)結(jié),甲基橙V上海大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文AbstractSincetheissueofenvironmentandenergywasputontheagenda,theuseofgreenenergyhasreceivedincreasingattention.Photoeatalysisisanewlydevelopedfieldamongthemwhichhasahugepotential.Photocatalytictechniqueissimple,lowcost,theuseofnaturallightcallbecatal
4、yticdecompositionofbacteriaandpollutants.Ithashighcatalyticactivity,highchemicalstability,hi曲thermalstability,nosecondarypollution,non—irritating,non—toxicandothersafetyfeatures,alsoitCanlong-termbenefittheecologicalenvironment.Photocatalytictechniqueisoneofthemostpros
5、pectsfordevelopinggreentechnology.Thisdissertationchosethedegradationofmethylorangedyeasallevaluationmodel,andmakeastudyofseveralnovelphotocatalysts.(1)BasedonthefactthatBiNb04hastwocrystalstructure,wehaveinvestigatedtheinfluenceofthecrystalstructure.thecatalystsconcen
6、trationandthepHvalueofthesolutiontothephotocatalyticactivity.(2)UsingthemethodofpreciousmetaldepositiontodepositPttothesurfaceofatraditionalphotocatalystBaTi409toimproveitsphotocatalytieactivity.(3)Usingtwomethod,whichispartiallyreactionmethodandballmillingmethodtocoup
7、leNb205andSrNb206together.ThecoupledcompoundhadhigherphotocatalyticactivitythansinglephaseofNb205orSrNb206.ItissupposedthattheinterfaceofNb205andSrNb206hadaheterojunctioneffectwhichimprovedtheseparationofelectronsandholes,SOthatthephototcatalyticactivityisimproved.(4)I
8、nstructedbythetheoreticalformulaandweinvestigatedsomenewseriesofmixedcompounds:Sn02/SrNbz06、W03/SrNb206、Bi20flSrTi03a