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1、●-摘要泡沫鋁的粉末冶金制備方法及其相關(guān)性能的研究摘要粉末冶金發(fā)泡法由于能夠生產(chǎn)復雜形狀的泡沫鋁及泡沫鋁芯三明治結(jié)構(gòu)而成為泡沫鋁研究領(lǐng)域的一個熱點,本文對泡沫鋁的粉末冶金制備工藝和壓縮吸能性能進行了探索性的研究。測試了Till2熱分解曲線,發(fā)現(xiàn)松散的Till2在氬氣保護氣氛下,420。C左右開始分解,640。C左右達到峰值。確定了泡沫鋁制各的主要工藝參數(shù),合適的壓力為150MPa以上,熱壓溫度為450。C,純鋁的預設(shè)爐溫為720。C,A1Si7的預設(shè)爐溫為640。C。研究了粉末冶金法制備泡沫鋁時泡沫孔結(jié)構(gòu)及胞壁微觀組織變化的規(guī)律。泡沫鋁發(fā)泡時經(jīng)歷微膨脹、
2、顯著膨脹和收縮等過程;孔結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)歷了形核和長大及毛細力和重力驅(qū)動下泡壁熔體的流動引起的合并粗化和孔隙率自上而下梯度減小等演化過程。加熱時,鋁/硅顆粒邊界處硅的擴散層首先熔化,并沿著鋁顆粒邊界擴散,最終使鋁硅粉末復合體完全熔化而實現(xiàn)合金化。試驗發(fā)現(xiàn)泡壁的凝固組織與典型的變質(zhì)處理后的鑄造鋁硅合金組織類似。泡沫鋁的壓縮、吸能性能研究表明:泡沫鋁的壓縮變形方式通過泡壁的彎曲和折疊完成,其應(yīng)力一應(yīng)變(o~£)曲線具有較長的屈服“平臺”。隨相對密度的降低,泡沫鋁的屈服應(yīng)力、彈性模量和吸能能力降低,吸能效率的峰值有所增加。關(guān)鍵詞:粉末冶金泡沫鋁孔結(jié)構(gòu)微觀組織孔隙率壓縮本
3、文中文字數(shù)32180,圖55幅,表11張,公式19條,實驗次數(shù)400次碩士期間發(fā)表論文三篇本文由國家重點自然科學基金(No.50231010)資助文中內(nèi)容未經(jīng)允許,請勿復制●-StudyonPreparationofAluminiumFoambyPowderMetallurgyMethodandItspropertiesABSTRACTPowdermetallurgicalfoamingmethodbecomesanimportantresearchaspectinthefieldofmetallicfoams,becauseitisspecialize
4、dinmanufacturing3-dimensionalnetshapealuminiumfoampartsandsandwichstructure.Thepresentpaperinvestigatesthepreparationtechniquesofaluminiumfoambypowdermetallurgymethodandtheircompressiondeformationandenergyabsorptionproperties.BvtestingthethermaldecompositioncurveofTill2,itwasfoun
5、dthatincompactTill2DowderinArbegantodecomposeatabout420。C,andachievepeakvalueatabout640。C.Itwasascertainedthatprimaryprocessingparametersincludepressingstress,hot。pressingtemperatureandDre—setfurnacetemperature.Theproperhot—presstemperatureandpressingstresswere450。Candmorethan150
6、MParespectively.Thepre—setfurnacetemperatureforpureA1andA1Si7Was720。Cand640。Crespectively.EvolutionofporemorphologyandcellwallmicrostructureofaluminumfoamduringpowdermetallurgicalfoamingWasstudied.ItWasfoundthataluminumfoamshowsthreefoamingstagesduringfoaming,thatistinyexpansion,
7、remarkableexpansionandshrinkage;andtheporemorphologygoesthroughthreestages,thatisnucleationandgrowth,mergingandcoarsenlng,andtheporositydecreasingfromtheupperpartofthefoamtOthelowerpartofthefoam.ThemergingandDorositygradientoftheporestructureswereresultedfromcapillarity。drivenand
8、gravity..drivenmeltflowwithinthemeltfoam