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1、名詞性從句名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同謂語(yǔ)從句。一、連接詞連接代詞:that,what,who,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whichever等連接副詞:whether,how,why,when,where,wherever等二、連接代詞(除that外)和連接副詞在名詞性從句中都有詞義,它們除了引導(dǎo)名詞性從句外,還在從句中充當(dāng)成分,即做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。Whowillgothereisnotimportant.Whereshe
2、hasgonehasn’tbeenknownyet.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.Heaskedwhosedictionaryitwas.Pleasetellmewhenweshalldiscussourworkplan.Ihavenoideahowsoontheyarecoming.要注意以下幾點(diǎn)問(wèn)題:1、連接代詞‘that’的用法:在名詞性從句中that9無(wú)詞義,在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分,只起連接從句的作用,在賓語(yǔ)從句中,that在口語(yǔ)中可以省略。但在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不能省
3、略。Thathewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.Thetruthisthatheisthebestinhisclass.Hesaid(that)hewouldseemethenextweek.2、引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的that可省略,但及物動(dòng)詞后有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可省略第一個(gè)that,不省略第二個(gè)that;如有形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí),連接真正賓語(yǔ)的that不能省略。Theymadeitarulethattheygotupatsixever
4、yday.3、由連詞that引導(dǎo)的名詞從句很少做介詞的賓語(yǔ),只在except,but,besides介詞后看到,其他一些介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句如果由連詞that引導(dǎo),需用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。Thegirlhasnotchangedatallexceptthatsheisnolongersotalkative.Youmaydependonitthattheywillsupportyou.4、whether/if的用法9常用whether而不宜用if的情況:l引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,置于句首l引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句l介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從
5、句l與ornot連用l引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句l動(dòng)詞不定式前注意:doubt“懷疑”接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),主句為肯定句用whether或if,主句為否定句或疑問(wèn)句用that。Idoubtwhetheritistrueornot.Idoubtifitistrue.Idon’tdoubtthatwhathesaidiscorrect.Doyoudoubtthatwhathesaidiscorrect?三、使用名詞性從句應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:1)名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序必須是陳述句語(yǔ)序Idon’tknowwhichteamwill
6、winthematch.Thatiswhyhecamehere.Whoeverwillgoisnotimportant.92)主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句如果太長(zhǎng),句子常顯得笨重,因此,可把他們移到句子后面,前面用it作形式主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。Hetookitforgrantedthatwhathehaddonewasright.常用it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型lItbe+形容詞(true,possible,probable…..)+that從句lItbe+名詞詞組(nowonder,apity,anhonor,nosu
7、rprise,asecret…..)that從句lItbe+過(guò)去分詞(said,reported,thought,believed,notdecided,well-known…….)+that從句lItseems/happens/appears等不及物動(dòng)詞+that從句lItdoesn’tmatter/makesnodifference…..+連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的從句l當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在疑問(wèn)句中時(shí),用it作形式主語(yǔ)。Whomdiditsurprisethatthenaughtyb
8、oystudiedhardlater?93)what在名詞性從句中有兩種意思:“什么”或“所……的……”,前者已經(jīng)失去了疑問(wèn)詞的含義。Idon’tknowwhattheyaredoing.Whatshesaidistrue.Whataretobediscussedatthemeetingwillbeannouncedtomorrow.Theproblemiswhatweshoulddonext.Letusseewhatwemeanby“matter”.Idon’tknowwhatbooksyou