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1、碩士學(xué)位論文摘要納米Ti02是一種重要的無機功能材料,因其具有高光催化活性、良好的耐候性、耐腐蝕性,強紫外線屏蔽能力以及能產(chǎn)生奇特顏色效應(yīng)等獨特的性能,在廢水處理、防曬護膚、涂料和汽車工業(yè)、傳感器、功能陶瓷、光催化劑等諸多領(lǐng)域備受人們的關(guān)注。納米Ti02的制備方法主要有氣相法、液相法和固相法。本論文選用溶膠.凝膠法和冷凍干燥法制備納米Ti02,采用XRD、TG、DTA、TEM、SEM、IR、XPS、Uuvis等測試方法對合成的納米材料進行表征和檢測。采用Kissinger法計算了溶膠.凝膠法得到的納米面02的晶化激活能,計算得
2、晶粒生長活化能在160-一260kJ/mol,說明形核比較困難。冷凍干燥法得到的納米TiO:晶粒尺寸小,產(chǎn)物為無定形態(tài),與溶膠.凝膠法制備得到的Ti02相比具有更大的活性。采用浸漬法和溶膠.凝膠法制得了晶粒尺寸在lO-60nm的n02基納米材料(W03/Ti02、V205/Ti02、W03一V20s/Ti02、Ce02/'I'i02、Y203/Ti02、Sn02廠ri02)。所合成納米材料的晶粒尺寸隨焙燒溫度的升高而增大,不同的摻雜物種和摻雜量對晶粒尺寸和晶格常數(shù)的影響不同,當(dāng)摻雜材料比主體材料的離子半徑大時,主體材料的晶格常
3、數(shù)總體呈增大趨勢。采用溶膠.凝膠法制得了晶粒尺寸為30hm的Sn02/Ti02納米材料。SnO:的摻入誘發(fā)了面02的相變,考察了樣品的電性能,結(jié)果表明:摻雜了少量的n02后,Sn02的導(dǎo)電能力有所提高,但摻雜量比較大時(如Ti02:Sn02=l:1)反而降低了Sn02的導(dǎo)電性。Sn02/Ti02納米材料比純的Sn02或豇02在催化、導(dǎo)電性能以及其他方面具有更廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。關(guān)鍵詞:n02,m02基納米材料,溶J掇凝膠法,浸漬法碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTNanosizedTi02,allimportantinorganicfu
4、nctionalmaterial。arepromisingapplicationprospectsinwastewatertreatments,sunproofcosmetics,dopes,autoindustries,gas—sensitivesensors,functionalceramics,photocatalystsandSOon,foritsspecialperformancessuchashi曲photocatalyficactivity,cauteryresistance,ultravioletshieldi
5、ngfunctionandexceUentcoloringeffect.Thisworkusedsol·-gelmethodandfreeze··dryingprocesstopreparenanosizedTi02。ThesampleswerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD)。thermogravimeWicanalysis(TG),differentialthermalanalysis(DTA),transmissionelectronmicroseopy(TEM),scanning
6、electronmicroscopy(SEM),infraredray(IR),X—rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS)andUltraviolet-visiblevisualidentitysystem(UV-vis),TheactivationenergiesofnanoerystallitegrowthoftheproductsduringthethermaltreatmentoftheprecursorwerecalculatedusingKissingerequation.Thekine
7、ticsequationsforthenanocrystallitegrowthW£l'edeterminedfortheactivationenergiesof160~260kJ/m01.Itcanbeconcludedthatthenanocrystallkegrowsdifficultly.AndthecrystallinesizeofTi02preparedbyFreeze-dryingprocessissmallerandhashigheractivitythanTi02preparedbysol—gelmethod
8、.Ti02-basedmetaloxidenanocrystallitesuchasWOdTi02、v205m02、F鴨一V20CTi02,Ce02/Ti02andY20dTi02weresynthesizedbyimmersionmethod.Theresultsindic