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1、摘要本文利用溶膠一凝膠法制備納米晶n02。樣品制備過(guò)程中采用了兩種不同表面活性劑(十二胺和十八胺)作為抑制生長(zhǎng)劑,其目的是為了減少納米二氧化鈦粒子的團(tuán)聚,增加材料的比表面積。本文通過(guò)相應(yīng)的檢測(cè)手段對(duì)二氧化鈦納米樣品進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)表征;利用光聲和表面光伏技術(shù)對(duì)樣品表面電子態(tài)的性質(zhì),以及光誘導(dǎo)表面電荷轉(zhuǎn)移躍遷特性進(jìn)行了研究。樣品的x射線(XRD)結(jié)果表明,樣品中銳鈦礦含量隨著焙燒溫度的增加而降低;同樣,水解溫度的提高也會(huì)增加樣品中銳鈦礦的含量;但是,延長(zhǎng)焙燒時(shí)間則加速了二氧化鈦由銳鈦礦型向金紅石型轉(zhuǎn)化的過(guò)程。樣品透
2、射電子顯微鏡(TEM)和高分辨透射電子顯微鏡(HRTEM)的結(jié)果表明,使用上述兩種表面活性劑制得樣品中,十八胺作為表面活性劑明顯減少了樣品顆粒之間的團(tuán)聚,增加材料的比表面積。差熱分析(TG-DSC)曲線和弗里埃變換紅外吸收(FT-IR)光譜的結(jié)果表明,最終得到樣品中表面活性劑的成分已經(jīng)被基本去除。實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)定了納米晶Ti02樣品的光聲光譜(PAS),表面光電壓譜(SPS)和電場(chǎng)誘導(dǎo)表面光電壓譜(EFISPS)。對(duì)測(cè)試結(jié)果分析后認(rèn)為,波長(zhǎng)在380nm處出現(xiàn)的表面光伏響應(yīng)與銳鈦礦型n02的表面電子結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān),屬于主帶
3、隙電荷轉(zhuǎn)移躍遷;結(jié)合樣品的光聲光譜和表面光電壓譜的結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著樣品平均粒徑的減少,無(wú)輻射躍遷產(chǎn)生的光聲信號(hào)增強(qiáng),同時(shí)適當(dāng)降低樣品中銳鈦礦的含量,可以顯著減少樣品表面無(wú)輻射躍遷的成分,提高光量子效率。關(guān)鍵詞納米晶Ti02;表面電子結(jié)構(gòu);光聲光譜;表面光電壓譜燕山大學(xué)管理學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文AbstractNanocrystallineZi02wassynthesizedbysol-gelmethod.Twodifferentsurfactants(dodecylamineandoctodecylamine)wer
4、eadoptedasrestrainingreagenttoreducetheagglomerationofTi02particlesandtoimprovethesurfacearea.11艟microstructuresofthenanoerystallineTi02werecharacterizedwithdifferenttechniques.TheelectronicstatepropertiesofthesurfaceofTi02andphotogenicfreechargecarrierstr
5、ansportcharacterswereprobedbyemployingthephotoacousticandsurfacephotovoltaietechniques.XRDanalysisshowsthatthefractionofthearmtasephasedecreaseswiththeincreaseofcaicinationtemperatureandthatincreaseswiththeincreaseofhydrolyzationtemperature.However,thetran
6、sformationofthenanocrystallineTi02fromanntasetomtileisacceleratedwiththeincreaseofthecalcinationtime.TEMandHRTEManalysisshowthatcomparingthetwokindsofsurfactantoctodecylamineplaysabetterroleondecreasingtheagglomerationofTi02granulesandincreasingtheirsurfac
7、earea.FromtheanalysesofTG—DSCandFT-IRcurves,wefoundthatthesufaetanthasbeenwipedoffbasicaUy.111ePAS,SPS,andEFISPSmeasllrementsofTi02nanocrystallineswerecarriedout.TheanalyticresultsshowthattheSPVresponsesappearingat380nnloftheTi02nanocrystallinesiscloselyde
8、pendentonthesurfaceelectronicstructureofanatase-typeTi02nanoparticles,whichbelongstoaband·bandtransition;Byanalyzingthephotoaconsticandsurfacephotovoltaiceffectsofthesamples,itisexperimentallyprovedthatthough