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1、摘要主軸是高速加工機(jī)床的核心功能部件，它的好壞直接影響整個(gè)機(jī)床的使用性能，這就要求我們?cè)谠O(shè)計(jì)工藝流程時(shí)做更深一步的研究。本次設(shè)計(jì)針對(duì)車床主軸的工藝規(guī)程，開展了比較系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)研究工作。車床主軸既是單一軸線的階梯軸、空心軸，又是長徑比小于12的剛性軸。主要加工表面是內(nèi)、外旋轉(zhuǎn)表面，次要表面有鍵槽、螺紋和端面結(jié)合孔等。它的機(jī)械加工主要是車削和磨削，其次是銑削和鉆削。根據(jù)其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和精度要求，在加工過程中，對(duì)定位基準(zhǔn)的選擇、加工順序的安排以及深孔加工、熱處理工序等均應(yīng)給予足夠的重視。在車削時(shí)，采用一夾一頂或兩頂尖的形式。避免了軸的徑向圓跳動(dòng)，保證了加工中工件的穩(wěn)定性，也使工件達(dá)到尺寸精度。
2、磨削時(shí)，采用專用磨孔夾具，使工件軸線與夾具中心線保持一致，保證了磨孔時(shí)內(nèi)孔加工的精度。車削、磨削時(shí)采用專用夾具、刀具、量具，不但保證了尺寸精度，也是為了達(dá)到軸與其它零件組裝時(shí)的公差與配合精度。為了保證主軸的切削性能，成品具有耐磨性、抗震性及足夠的硬度，在不同的加工階段之間安排熱處理。車床主軸是代表性零件之一，加工難度較大，工藝路線較長，涉及到軸類零件加工的許多基本工藝問題。.關(guān)鍵詞：工藝規(guī)程，夾具，刀具，量具，尺寸精度，耐磨性，公差與配合AbstractThemainaxleprocessesenginebed'scorefunctionalunithighspeed,itsqua
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