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1、第8卷第1期亞熱帶資源與環(huán)境學(xué)報Vo1.8No.12013年3月出版JournalofSubtropicalResourcesandEnvironmentMarch2013微生物對杜塘水庫沉積物氮元素釋放的影響詹旋燦,蘇玉萍,莊一廷,陳友震,鄢晶(1.福建師范大學(xué)環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院,福州3500072.福建省環(huán)境監(jiān)測中心站,福州350003)摘要:本研究以杜塘水庫大壩斷面沉積物為對象,通過對上覆水一沉積物界面的好氧/厭氧連續(xù)培養(yǎng)模擬試驗,比較滅菌與非滅菌條件下,上覆水中氨氮和硝酸鹽氮的濃度變化以及沉積物中氨氮和總氮質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的變化,并分析培養(yǎng)前后沉積物中與氮循環(huán)相關(guān)微生
2、物的變化,研究微生物對氮釋放的影響.結(jié)果表明,滅菌組沉積物氨氮和硝酸鹽主要通過上覆水一沉積物濃度梯度作用力進(jìn)行擴(kuò)散釋放,較快達(dá)到平衡;而未滅菌組氨氮和硝酸鹽的釋放受溶解氧濃度影響,缺氧環(huán)境在微生物的作用下會促進(jìn)反硝化作用以及氨氮的釋放,沉積物中含有10CFU/g的氨化細(xì)菌和反硝化細(xì)菌,暗示著沉積物中微生物作用下的氨化作用和反硝化作用較為激烈.關(guān)鍵詞:沉積物;氮;釋放;微生物;杜塘水庫中圖分類號:x524文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:1673-7105(2013)01-0056-05EfectsofMicrobeonNitrogenReleasefromtheSediment
3、ofDutangReservoirZHANXuan—can,SUYu—ping,ZHUANGYi—ting,CHENYou—zhen,YANJin(1.EnvironmentalScienceandEngineeringCollege,F(xiàn)ujianNormalUniversity,F(xiàn)uzhou350007,China;2.EnvironmentalMonitoringCenterofFujianProvince,F(xiàn)uzhou350003,China)Abstract:NitrogenreleasefromsedimentswasanalyzedneartheDutan
4、gReservoirDamSection,throughparallelexperimentsunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions.Basedonaseriesoftestsinclu—dingsterilizationandnon—sterilizationconditionsinsimulatedwater—sedimentreactors,concentrationsofammonianitrogenandnitrateinoverlyingwaterandmassfractionofammonianitrogenandtotal
5、nitrogeninsedimentsweredetermined.Inaddition,thechangeofrelatedmicrobesofnitrogencyclebeforeandaftercultivationwasanalyzed.Resultsshowedthatammonianitrogenandnitrateinthesed-imentsreleasedmainlythroughtheforcecausedbyconcentrationgradient,andthebalancecouldbeachievedfasterundersterilize
6、dcondition.However,thereleaseofammonianitrogenandnitratewouldbeatthesametimeaffectedbydissolvedoxygen(DO)concentrationundernon—sterilizedcondition,andthedenitrificationandammonianitrogenreleasingbepromotedbymicrobesunderanoxiccondi—tion.Thenumberofammonificationanddenitrifyingbacteriain
7、thesedimentsreaches10CFUpergram,implyingthatammonificationanddenitrificationprocessesareactiveunderinfluencesofmicrobes.Keywords:sediment;nitrogen;nitrogenrelease;microbe;Dutangreservoir0前言隨著人類社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,水庫富營養(yǎng)化問題日趨嚴(yán)重,逐漸成為困擾中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的主要環(huán)境問題之一.水庫富營養(yǎng)化嚴(yán)重威脅飲用水安全和人們身體健康,從而影響中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展.近年