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1、河北工業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文二乙醇胺和甲胺制備N-甲基哌嗪的研究姓名:郭勝輝申請學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專業(yè):化學(xué)工藝指導(dǎo)教師:陳霄榕20090301河北工業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文二乙醇胺和甲胺制備N-甲基哌嗪的研究摘要N-甲基哌嗪是一種重要的醫(yī)藥、化工中間體,應(yīng)用廣泛。以二乙醇胺和甲胺合成N-甲基哌嗪,原料價(jià)廉易得,工藝路線簡單,具有良好的工業(yè)化應(yīng)用前景。論文通過對(duì)傳統(tǒng)醇的催化胺化催化劑進(jìn)行活性比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)銅/鋁系催化劑活性較高。采用共沉淀法制備了一系列銅/鋁系復(fù)合氧化物催化劑,利用高壓反應(yīng)釜對(duì)其進(jìn)行活性評(píng)價(jià),發(fā)現(xiàn)CuO-NiO/Al2O3活性最高。系統(tǒng)研究了銅、鋁、鎳摩爾比、沉淀劑種類、沉淀方式、制備溫度
2、、煅燒溫度等條件對(duì)催化劑反應(yīng)性能的影響,并通過TPR、XRD、TG/DTA、BET、SEM等手段對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行表征。小試條件下CuO-NiO/Al2O3催化劑最佳制備工藝條件為:銅、鋁、鎳摩爾比為1:1:3.2,沉淀劑為氫氧化鈉,沉淀方式為并流共沉淀,制備溫度50℃,焙燒溫度500℃。此條件下二乙醇胺轉(zhuǎn)化率為89.8%,N-甲基哌嗪的選擇性為27.7%。同時(shí)對(duì)該催化劑進(jìn)行高溫還原活化后發(fā)現(xiàn):無論是甲基哌嗪的選擇性還是二乙醇胺的轉(zhuǎn)化率都要高于還原前:二乙醇胺的轉(zhuǎn)化率和N-甲基哌嗪的選擇性分別提高到99.7%和28.2%。論文還對(duì)工藝條件進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在二乙醇胺和甲胺的摩爾比為1:2
3、、反應(yīng)溫度225℃、反應(yīng)時(shí)間8h的條件下,催化劑具有較好的反應(yīng)活性。另外通過對(duì)使用前后催化劑進(jìn)行表征分析發(fā)現(xiàn)催化劑失活原因?yàn)楸砻娓呔畚锏母街蛯?duì)孔道的堵塞。關(guān)鍵詞:N-甲基哌嗪,二乙醇胺,甲胺,共沉淀i二乙醇胺和甲胺合成N-甲基哌嗪的研究STUDYONTHESYNTHESISOFN-METHYLPIPERAZINEFROMDIETHANOLAMINEANDMETHYLAMINEABSTRACTN-methylpiperazineisanimportantmedicalandchemicalintermediatewithbroadapplication.Theprocessrouteof
4、synthesisofN-methylpiperazinefromdiethanolamineandmethylamineissimpleandhasawideprospectofindustrializationapplication,andtherawmaterialwascheapandreadilyavailable.Inthisthesis,conventionalcatalystsofcatalyticaminationofalcoholswerecomparedandfoundthattheactivityofCu-Albasedcatalystwashigher.Aser
5、iesofCu-Albasedcatalystswerepreparedbyco-precipitationmethodandtheactivityevaluationwascarriedoutinautoclave.TheresultshowedthatCuO-NiO/Al2O3hasthehighestactivity.Therelationsbetweencatalyticactivityandpropertiesofcatalystswerediscussed.TheinfluenceofCu/Al/Ni,varietyofprecipitator,precipitationpa
6、tterns,preparationtemperatureandcalcinationtemperaturewereinvestigated.Meanwhile,thecatalystswerecharacterizedbyTPR,XRD,TG/DTA,BETandSEM.Theobtainedsuitablepreparationconditionswereasfollow:Cu/Al/Niwas1:1:3.2,precipitatorwasNaOH,co-currentprecipitation,preparationtemperatureis50℃andthecalcination
7、temperatureliesaround500℃.UndertheseconditionstheconversionofdiethanolamineandtheselectivityofN-methylpiperazinewere89.8%and27.7%respectively.Afterpre-reducedbyH2athightemperature,thecatalystshowedhighercatalyticactivi