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1、中國石油大學(xué)(華東)碩士學(xué)位論文催化裂化裝置外取熱器自然循環(huán)水動(dòng)力特性計(jì)算與分析姓名:譚遠(yuǎn)鵬申請學(xué)位級別:碩士專業(yè):化學(xué)工程指導(dǎo)教師:李發(fā)永;金有海20071001摘要本文研究了外取熱器管束的自然水循環(huán)能力及變化特性,為大連石化公司350萬噸/年重油催化裝置外取熱器的改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)提供了科學(xué)依據(jù),主要研究工作如下:(1)根據(jù)外取熱器的水動(dòng)力與普通鍋爐的水動(dòng)力的區(qū)別及外取換熱器結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊性,建立了外取熱器的水動(dòng)力特性的物理及數(shù)學(xué)模型,并分別采用了穩(wěn)定流動(dòng)平衡法(作圖法)和計(jì)算機(jī)程序法來計(jì)算確定外取熱器的水動(dòng)力特性及其穩(wěn)定性,并且對計(jì)算結(jié)果和運(yùn)算效率進(jìn)行了比較分析和互相校
2、驗(yàn),得到了計(jì)算機(jī)程序法具有通用性和方便性的結(jié)論。(2)采用計(jì)算機(jī)程序法來計(jì)算各種工況下外取熱器的水循環(huán)特性,并比較了外取熱器在改造前后的水動(dòng)力循環(huán)特性的變化。詳細(xì)比較分析了集中降水管、下層聯(lián)箱、下降管及取熱管、集中回汽管中管徑和管長對外取熱器水循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的水動(dòng)力特性的影響。(3)根據(jù)計(jì)算結(jié)果,分析了在平均熱負(fù)荷和有熱偏差兩種情況下,外取熱器兩個(gè)管屏的循環(huán)倍率、循環(huán)流速、單管流量以及總流量等水動(dòng)力特性參數(shù)的變化規(guī)律,并依此分析了這些管屏的循環(huán)水動(dòng)力可能發(fā)生故障或出現(xiàn)管壁高溫現(xiàn)象,導(dǎo)致管壁超溫爆管或加劇管壁的腐蝕的影響因素,并對防止這些故障的發(fā)生,提出了改進(jìn)意見.關(guān)鍵
3、詞:催化裂化,外取熱器,水動(dòng)力特性HydrodynamicCharacteristicAnalysisForExternalHeatCollectorOfCatalyticCrackingEquipmentWithNaturalCirculationTanYuanpeng(ChemicalEngineering)DirectedbyProfos∞r(nóng)LiFayongandPro缸sorJinYouhaiAbstract砸SPaDel"investigatesthethermometerstakingcontrolofthenaturalwatercycleinth
4、etubesofheatexchangeranditschangingcharacteristics.TheresearchingresultsprovideascientificbasisforDalJanPOrochcmicalCompanytoimprovethedesignofoutsideheatexchangerof3.5milliontons/yearheavyoilcatalyticdevices.ThemainresearchWOrka聆笛follows:(1)Accordingtothehydrodynamicdifferencefromth
5、eoutsideheatexchangerandtheordinaryboiler,andthespecialstructurecharacteristicsoftheoutsideheatexchanger,thephysicalandmathematicalmodelsofitshydrodynamiccharacteristicsareestablished.Thehydrodynamiccharacteristicsandstabilityoftheoutsideheatexchangerarecalculatedanddeterminedwiththe
6、steadyflowbalancemethod(mapping)andthecomputerprogram.11鹼conclusioniSincludodthatthecomputerprogramhastheversatilityandconveniencebycheckingthecalculationresultsagainsttheoperatingresults.f21ThethermometersofthewatercyclecharacteristiCSinthevariousconditionarecalculatedbyusingacomput
7、erprogram,andcomparedwiththeheatfromthewaterbeforeandafterthetransformationofdynamiccycleofchange.ItiSanalyzeddetailedthatthehydrodynamiccharacteristicsof.theoutsideheatexchangerareaffectedbytheconcentratedrainf.a(chǎn)ll,thelOWerdeckboxes,downfromheatpipeandtube.concentratediUthebackstear
8、nPipeexterna