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1、MedBioEngComput(2007)45:809–817DOI10.1007/s11517-007-0207-9REVIEWARTICLECurrentstatusandnewhorizonsinMonteCarlosimulationofX-rayCTscannersHabibZaidi?MohammadRezaAyReceived:18December2006/Accepted:2June2007/Publishedonline:5July2007óInternationalFederationforMedicalandBiologicalEngineering200
2、7AbstractWiththeadventofpowerfulcomputersandarenotinclusive;noimplicationthatthosechosenarebetterparallelprocessingincludingGridtechnology,theuseofthanothersnotmentionedisintended.MonteCarlo(MC)techniquesforradiationtransportsimu-lationhasbecomethemostpopularmethodformodelingKeywordsX-raycom
3、putedtomography(CT)radiologicalimagingsystemsandparticularlyX-raycom-MonteCarlosimulationsDetectorScatterputedtomography(CT).ThestochasticnatureofinvolvedComputationalmodelsprocessessuchasX-rayphotonsgeneration,interactionwithmatteranddetectionmakesMCtheidealtoolforaccuratemodeling.MCcal
4、culationscanbeusedtoassess1Introductiontheimpactofdifferentphysicaldesignparametersonoverallscannerperformance,clinicalimagequalityandX-raycomputedtomography(CT)isamedicalimagingabsorbeddoseassessmentinCTexaminations,whichcanmodalitythatproducescross-sectionalimagesrepresentingbedif?cultorev
5、enimpossibletoestimatebyexperimentaltheX-rayattenuationpropertiesofthebody[1,2].Unlikemeasurementsandtheoreticalanalysis.Simulationscanconventionaltwo-dimensional(2D)projectionimaging,alsobeusedtodevelopandassesscorrectionmethodsandCTdoesnotsufferfrominterferencefromstructuresinthereconstruc
6、tionalgorithmsaimingatimprovingimagepatientoutsidetheslicebeingimaged.Recentdevelop-qualityandquantitativeprocedures.ThispaperfocusesmentsinX-rayCTinstrumentationspurredthedevelop-mainlyonrecentdevelopmentsandfuturetrendsinX-raymentofmulti-sliceand?at-paneldetectorcon?gurationsCTMCmodelingto
7、olsandtheirareasofapplication.Anthusofferingsigni?cantimprovementsinvolumecover-overviewofexistingprogramsandtheirusefulfeatureswillage,isotropicspatialresolutionandcontrastutilization[3].begiventogetherwithrecentdevelopmentsinthedesignofDespitewor
