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1、-_外研版小學(xué)英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)知識點歸納一、時態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或事情,通常用“usually通常,often常常,every…每…,sometimes有時,always總是,”等詞。(2)基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語I/You/We/They/He/She/It肯定句:主語+動詞原形或動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式否定句:主語+don’t+動詞原形或者doesn’t+動原一般疑問句(Yes/No)Do…?Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.Does…(動詞原形)…?Yes,he/shedoes.No,he/shedoesn’t.特殊疑問句Whatdo…?Howdoesshe…(
2、動詞原形)…?(3)動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式(同名詞單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)方法相同)1.一般情況+s如:walk-walks2.輔音字母+y結(jié)尾去y+iesfly-flies3.結(jié)尾是s,x,sh,ch+eswatch-watches4.結(jié)尾是0+esdo-does,go-goes5.特殊have-has2.現(xiàn)在進行時(1)表示正在發(fā)生的動作,通常用“now現(xiàn)在,look看,linsen聽”.(2)基本形式:be+動詞-ingeg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.You/We/Theyare(not)reading.He/She/Itis(not)eating.-_What
3、areyoudoing?Ishereading?(3)動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式(動詞+ing)一般情況+ingwalk—walking結(jié)尾是不發(fā)音的e-e+ingcome—coming重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫最后一個字母+ingswim-swimmingrun-running3.一般過去時(1)表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,通常用“l(fā)ast…上一個…,justnow剛才,manyyearsago許多年前,yesterday昨天”等詞。(2)be動詞的過去式:am/is—wasare—were(3)過去式基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句:主語+動詞過去式Iwentshoppinglastnight.否定句:主語+di
4、dn’t+動詞原形Ididn’tgoshoppinglastnight.一般疑問句(Yes/No)Did…+動詞原形…?Didyougoshoppinglastnight?特殊疑問句(wh-)Whatdid…+動詞原形…?Whatdidyoudolastnight?(4)動詞過去式的變化:規(guī)則動詞的變化:(1)一般動詞+edplanted,watered,climbed(2)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾+dlikedtied(3)輔音字母加y結(jié)尾-y+iedstudy—studied,cry-cried-_(4)重讀閉音節(jié)單詞,末尾只有一個輔音字雙寫最后一個字母+edplan–plann
5、edstop–stopped不規(guī)則動詞的變化:原形過去式原形過去式原形過去式am/iswasareweregowentdodidfindfoundbuyboughteatatefeelfeltdrinkdrankteachtaughttaketookreadreadgivegavehavehadputputsingsangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbeginbeganmakemadeletletringrangwritewroteseesawrunranriderodecomecamedrawdrewsitsattelltoldlearnlearntget
6、gotcarrycarriedstudystudied4.一般將來時一般將來時表示將來打算做的事或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的事情。常常與tomorrow,nextSunday等時間狀語連用。結(jié)構(gòu):begoingto+動詞原形或will+動詞原形例如:I’mgoingtovisitmygrandpanextweek.-_二、人稱代詞主格Iweyouhesheitthey賓格meusyouhimheritthem形容詞性物主代詞myouryourhisheritstheir名詞性物主代詞mineoursyourshishersitstheris(注:介詞,動詞后面跟賓格。后面沒有名詞時用名詞性物
7、主代詞。)三、可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1.一般名詞:+sbook–books2.輔音字母加y結(jié)尾:-y+iesstory—stories3.以s,x,sh,ch,結(jié)尾:+esglass—glasses;awatch-watches以o結(jié)尾:1)有生命的+espotato-potatoes2)無生命的+sphoto-photoes4.以f或fe結(jié)尾:-f或fe變?yōu)関esknife–knives;shelf-shelves5.特殊的名詞復(fù)數(shù):man-men,woman-women,policeman-police