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1、南京大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué))第41卷第1期Vol.41,No.1JOURNALOFNANJINGUNIVERSITY2005年1月Jan.,2005(NATURALSCIENCES)X多層板的隔聲特性研究XX陳衛(wèi)松,邱小軍(近代聲學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,南京大學(xué)聲學(xué)研究所,南京,210093)摘要:應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)移矩陣的方法,就平面聲波垂直入射的情況,對(duì)具有周期結(jié)構(gòu)的無(wú)限大多層板的隔聲特性進(jìn)行了理論分析,并對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)不同的多層板的隔聲特性進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬.理論分析和數(shù)值模擬表明:與通常隔聲用的單層或雙層板相比,在保持面密度不變的條件下,采用多層板結(jié)構(gòu)能夠在某些頻段使隔聲性能有明顯改善
2、,尤其體現(xiàn)在中高頻段,但低頻隔聲效果稍有減弱.另外,適當(dāng)調(diào)節(jié)多層板的厚度和板間的距離,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)不同頻段的隔聲效果有所側(cè)重.采用分區(qū)域等厚度的多層板,即采用厚、薄板相結(jié)合的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),可以兼顧低頻隔聲性能,同時(shí)提高多層板的中高頻隔聲效果.在隔聲結(jié)構(gòu)的總體面密度和板的空間分布保持不變的情況下,換用同類的不同隔聲材料對(duì)隔聲特性沒(méi)有明顯改變,但可以適當(dāng)改變隔聲結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)度.在隔聲結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中,針對(duì)不同的噪聲頻譜,可以采用文中介紹的方法來(lái)構(gòu)造相應(yīng)的多層板結(jié)構(gòu),達(dá)到特定的隔聲要求.研究結(jié)果對(duì)輕薄隔聲結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)具有一定指導(dǎo)意義.關(guān)鍵詞:轉(zhuǎn)移矩陣,周期結(jié)構(gòu),隔聲量中圖分類號(hào)
3、:O42AStudyonSoundInsulationofMultiplePanelsChenWei_Song,QiuXiao_Jun(StateKeyLaboratoryofModernAcoustics,InstituteofAcoustics,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing,210093,China)Abstract:Soundinsulationisanimportantsubjectinnoisecontrol.Thesoundtransmissionperformanceofmultilayersystemsisofutmost
4、importancefornoisecontrolinautomobiles,aircrafts,buildings,andseveralotherengineeringapplications.Thesystemwithlow_weightthinstructureandgoodsoundinsulationcharacterisveryusefulinthesoundinsulationfield,anditisoneoftheimportantobjectswhichmanyresearcherslongfor.Inthispaper,thetransf
5、ermatrixmethodisusedtostudythesoundtransmissionlossfornormalincidentsoundinperiodicinfinitemultiplepanels,andsimulationsaregivenformultiplepanelswithdifferentstructures,respectively.Boththeoreticalanalysisandnumericalsimulationsshowsignificantimprovementofthesoundinsulationcharacter
6、ofmultiplepanelsintherangeofmidtohighfrequencycomparedwiththatofdoublepanelsorsinglepanelontheconditionthatthearealdensityoftheseinsulationstructuresarethesame.Ontheotherhand,adjustingthestructureofmultiplepanelscanalsoincreasesoundinsulationcharacterindifferentfrequencyranges.Disti
7、nctthicknesspanelscanbeusedinthesameinsulationstructurewhichcanimprovesoundtransmissionlossinthemidtohighfrequencyrangebutalmostcannotinfluencesoundinsulationcharacterinthelowfrequencyrange.Thenumericalsimulationsalsoshowthatsoundtransmissionlosscanbealteredslightlyifweonlychangethe
8、materialofthepanelo
