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1、摘要摘要本論文探討了水體鹽度對(duì)黃花鳶尾、堿菀、穗花狐尾藻三種植物生長(zhǎng)狀況的影響及三種植物對(duì)鹽脅迫的響應(yīng)機(jī)制,并研究了不同鹽度下三種植物對(duì)氮、磷的去除效果以及氮、磷吸收動(dòng)力學(xué)特征的影響。主要結(jié)論如下:(1)隨著水體鹽度的升高,黃花鳶尾、堿菀及穗花狐尾藻體內(nèi)脯氨酸含量均隨鹽度增加而增加;黃花鳶尾、堿菀體內(nèi)丙二醛的含量隨著鹽度的增加而上升,穗花狐尾藻體內(nèi)的丙二醛含量隨著鹽度的增加先上升后下降;過氧化氫酶活性隨著鹽度的升高均降低。(2)黃花鳶尾對(duì)總氮、氨氮、總磷和正磷酸鹽的去除率隨鹽度升高而降低,但即使在7.0%
2、o的高鹽度水體中,黃花鳶尾對(duì)氮、磷依然有較明顯的去除作用,總氮去除率可達(dá)44.6%,總磷的去除率為53.5%;堿菀對(duì)氨氮的去除率隨著鹽度的增加呈下降趨勢(shì),鹽度高達(dá)10.2‰時(shí),堿菀對(duì)氨氮去除率仍達(dá)到82.5%。硝態(tài)氮濃度較低時(shí),堿菀對(duì)硝態(tài)氮的吸收能力隨著鹽度的增加而增強(qiáng)。鹽度為1.2‰時(shí)堿菀對(duì)總氮有較好的去除效果,鹽度增加至4.2%o以后,隨著鹽度的增加去除效果差別不大。對(duì)總磷去除率隨著鹽度升高而不斷下降,鹽度升至10.2960時(shí),總磷去除率由79.3%降至38.4%。(3)穗花狐尾藻在低鹽度條件下對(duì)氨氮
3、的去除效率高于對(duì)硝態(tài)氮的去除效率,隨著鹽度的增加氨氮去除效果迅速降低,而對(duì)硝態(tài)氮的去除效果隨著鹽度的增加先升高后降低。氨氮處理組中亞硝態(tài)氮的增加量隨著鹽度的增加而降低,而硝態(tài)氮組不同鹽度下亞硝態(tài)氮濃度的增加量差別不大。(4)當(dāng)水體中氮濃度較低時(shí),同一鹽度條件下穗花狐尾藻、堿菀均有優(yōu)先吸收硝態(tài)氮的趨勢(shì);而黃花鳶尾在鹽度為1.4‰、3.4%o、7.4‰時(shí)優(yōu)先吸收銨態(tài)氮,鹽度為5.4%o時(shí)優(yōu)先吸收硝態(tài)氮;當(dāng)水體中氮濃度較高時(shí),同一鹽度條件下黃花鳶尾、堿菀及穗花狐尾藻對(duì)氨氮的去除效率要比對(duì)硝態(tài)氮的去除速率更高一些
4、。(5)無論在低供磷水平還是在高供磷水平,穗花狐尾藻在鹽度為1.3%o和4.3%o時(shí)都能很好的吸收磷;在高鹽度條件下,穗花狐尾藻對(duì)磷的吸收能力不強(qiáng);黃花鳶尾在鹽度為1.4%o時(shí)對(duì)磷有較強(qiáng)的吸收能力,鹽度為3.4%o和5.4%o時(shí),在高供磷水平下黃花鳶尾對(duì)磷的吸收效果較好,而鹽度為7.4%o時(shí),黃花鳶尾對(duì)磷I摘要的吸收能力相對(duì)較弱;鹽度較低時(shí)堿菀對(duì)磷的吸收能力較強(qiáng),隨著鹽度的增高,對(duì)磷的吸收能力逐漸減弱。關(guān)鍵詞:鹽度;黃花鳶尾;堿菀;穗花狐尾藻;氮;磷IIAbstractThewayofusingaquat
5、icplantstorestorepollutedwaterhascausedmuchandmuchattention,butthereislessresearchonpurificationabilityinsalt—stressed.Inthispaper,alaboratoryexperimentWascarriedouttoinvestigatetheremovalefficienciesofnitrogenandphosphorusfromwaterbythreemacrophytes④isps
6、eudoacorus,TripoliumvulgareandMyriophyllumspicatumL)atdifferentsalinities.Thisstudyalsofocusedonthetolerancecharacteristicsofthemacrophytesundersaltstress.Theconclusionsofaboveresearchwereasfollowing.(1)Withtheincreaseofsalinities,stressofsaltonthemacroph
7、ytesisbecomingapparent;themechanismsofsalinitytoleranceinplantsalsoplayedarole.Theprolinecontentsrosewiththeincreaseofsalinitiesinplantsystem;themalonaldehydecontentsrose、骯mtheincreaseofsalinitiesinIrispseudoacorusandTripoliumvulgare,themalonaldehydeconte
8、ntsinMyriophyllumspicatumLreducedafterasmallrise;thecatalaseactivitiesdecreasedwiththeincreaseofsalinities.AlltheseresultsimplythattheplantsCanbothresistthesaltstressthroughadjustingtheirownprolinemetabolismandinoxi