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《A people's game Football in the German Democratic Republic》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在行業(yè)資料-天天文庫。
1、MikeDennisApeople’sgame:FootballintheGermanDemocraticRepublicFootballfansacrosstheGDRdeeplyresentedthearbitrarypoliticalinterferenceinmattersrelatingtothenamesandlocationofclubsandthediscriminationinfavourofeliteteamsassociatedwiththeStasiandthearmy.Resentmentfou
2、ndexpressioninfrequentcomplaintstopartyauthorities,publicprotests,pitchinvasionsandotherformsofdisorderwhich,especiallyinthe1980s,developedintofrequentoutbreaksofmoreseriousfootballhooliganism.Apeople’sgameVirtuallyaterraincognitabefore1990,theopeningofthearchive
3、sandinterviewswithformerplayersandofficialsrevealGDRfootballtobeasub-systemthoroughlypenetratedbytheMinistryofStateSecurity(Stasi)andsubjectedtothepoliticalimperativesoftherulingSED.Asinothersports,privateassociationsandclubswerebannedandanumbrellabody,theGermanS
4、portandGymnasticsFederation(DTSB),wasresponsiblefortherunningofeliteandmasssport.Yetpoliticalcontrolwasjustonesideofthepitch:footballenjoyedasurprising,iflimited,degreeofautonomyfromthecentralsportandSEDfunctionaries;manyfansdevelopedadualloyaltytolocalandWestGer
5、manteams;clubofficialsandsupportersobjectedbitterlytopolitically-inspireddiscriminationagainsttheirownteam;andbythe1980shooliganismposedagrowingthreattopublicorder.Theincreasingdisillusionmentofsomanysupporterswiththepoliticsofthegame,togetherwithanexaminationoft
6、hebasiccharacteristicsoffandom,willbethemainfocusofthischapter.FootballwasthemostpopularformoforganisedsportindividedGermanyafter1945.IntheGDR,theGermanFootballAssociation(DeutscherFu?ballverband–DFV)hadthehighestmembershipamongassociationsattachedtotheDTSB.Avera
7、geattendancesatOberliga(firstdivision)matcheshoveredaround12,000inthe1970s,dailynewspapersandspecialistpublicationssuchasFu?ballwochecateredfortheavidinterestinthegame,andfansswitchedontheirTVsetstowatchGDRand,especiallyfromthe1970s,WestGermanfootballprogrammes.S
8、omeSEDleadersandsportadministratorsan-210MikeDennisticipatedapoliticalbonusfromsuccessontheplayingfield:ErichMielke,theMinisterofStateSecurityandafootballfanat
