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《語法專題6-賓語從句和狀語從句》由會(huì)員上傳分享，免費(fèi)在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、賓語從句定義：賓語從句的賓語部分中有一個(gè)從句充當(dāng)賓語。Eg:Ibelieveit.(主語+謂語+賓語）此句中it是賓語，如果它由一個(gè)句子來代替，那就是一個(gè)賓語從句。IbelievethatIcanwinthematch.賓語從句三要素：連接詞語序（主句+連接詞+主語+謂語）時(shí)態(tài)注意：賓語從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號。賓語從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號取決于主句1）如果主句是陳述句，句尾用句號；2）如果主句是疑問句，句尾用問號。一、賓語從句的連接詞(三類）1.連詞：that2.連詞：if、whether3.連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which，連接副詞when,where,why,how
2、1．連詞that，只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，也無詞匯意義，在口語中常被省略。eg.Heknew（that）heshouldworkhard.Shesaid(that)shewouldleaveamessageonhisdesk.Iamsure(that)youwillbesuccessfulinthefuture.Iamafraid(that)ImayforgetmyFrench.注意：在suggest后的賓語從句中，謂語用動(dòng)詞原形或should+動(dòng)詞原形eg.Hesuggests(that)we(should)startworkingrightnow.2．連詞if或
3、whether（是否）；引導(dǎo)一般疑問句做賓語從句。一般情況下，if和whether可以互換，以下3種情況只能用whether：①在不定式前：Whethertogothereornothasn'tbeendecided.②在介詞前：Itdependson（依靠）whetheritisgoingtorain.③與ornot連用：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.Eg:Doyouknowif/whetherhewillgotoschooltomorrow?Doyouknowwhetherhewillgotoschoolornottomo
4、rrow?Heaskedif/whetherthatwasafasttrain.Heaskedwhetherthatwasafasttrainornot.MomaskedDadwhetherornothewascomingbackforlunch.3．連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which，連接副詞when,where,why,how，它們起連接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意義。eg.Theteacheraskedthenewstudentswhichclasshewasin.Iwanttoknowwhowasthefirsttoinventthecompu
5、ter.Iwonderwhosebookitwas.Tellmewhatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday.Hedidn’tknowwhenhewasleavingfortheUSA.Couldyoutellmewherethepostofficeis?Theteacheraskedhimwhyhewaslateforschool.Hedidn’tsayhowhemadethemodelplane.【注意】1．由連接代、副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以和“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化。eg.Idon'tknowhowIshoulddowiththepresents
6、.==>Idon'tknowhowtodowiththepresents.Wehaven’tdecidedwherewecanspendourholiday.==>Wehaven’tdecidedwheretospendourholiday.二.賓語從句的語序--從句要用陳述句語序。Eg:HowcanIgettothemuseum?--CanyoutellmehowIcangettothemuseum?Wheredoeshecomefrom?--Askhimwherehecomesfrom.Isthereapostofficenearhere?--Idon’tknowif/wh
7、etherthereisapostofficenearhere.注意：如果是對主語提問的特殊疑問句，變?yōu)橘e語從句語序不變。Eg:Whocleanedtheclassroom?--Iwonderwhocleanedtheclassroom.三、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)1)主句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)，從句時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。Hesaysthathewentonatriplastweek.Hesaysthathegoesonatripeverymonth.Hesaysthatheisgoingonatripne
