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1、第23卷第10期化學進展Vol.23No.102011年10月PROGRESSINCHEMISTRYOct.2011*鋰離子電池3d過渡金屬氧化物負極微/納米材料12,32,3**陳欣張乃慶孫克寧(1.哈爾濱工業(yè)大學化學系哈爾濱150001;2.哈爾濱工業(yè)大學基礎與交叉科學研究院理學中心哈爾濱150001;3.哈爾濱工業(yè)大學城市水資源與水環(huán)境國家重點實驗室哈爾濱150090)摘要與傳統(tǒng)的碳材料相比,鋰離子電池3d過渡金屬氧化物(MxOy,M=Co、Fe、Cu、Ni)負極材料具有更高的容量、倍率及安全性能,更適于鋰離子電池在移動電子設備、電動汽車、備用儲能和智能電網等領域的應用,因此備受關注。本
2、文介紹了MxOy負極材料的充放電機理,并以零維、一維、二維、三維等納米結構及空心、核殼等多種微/納米結構為出發(fā)點,詳細討論了過渡金屬氧化物電極材料的電化學性能與結構特征之間的關系,分析了具有不同結構特征的負極材料的合成方法;展望了3d過渡金屬氧化物負極微/納米材料的研究趨勢和發(fā)展前景。關鍵詞鋰離子電池過渡金屬氧化物微/納米結構復合物中圖分類號:O614.81;O614.1;TM911文獻標識碼:A文章編號:1005-281X(2011)10-2045-103dTransition-MetalOxidesasAnodeMicro/Nano-MaterialsforLithiumIonBatter
3、ies12,32,3**ChenXinZhangNaiqingSunKening(1.DepartmentofChemistry,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150001,China;2.AcademyofFundamentalandInterdisciplinarySciences,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150001,China;3.StateKeyLaboratoryofUrbanWaterResourceandEnvironment,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin1
4、50090,China)AbstractComparedwiththetraditionalcarbonmaterialsforlithium-ionbatteries,3dtransition-metaloxides(MO,whereMisCo,Fe,CuorNi)asanodematerialshavebeenattractingintensiveattentioninrecentyearsxyduetotheirhigherenergycapacity,higherrechargingratesandsafetytomeettheever-goingdemandforlithium-io
5、nbatterieswithenergydensity,powerdensity,cyclabilityandsafetytobemoresuitableforitsnewapplicationsinmanyfields,whichincludeportableelectronicconsumerdevices,electricvehicles,large-scaleelectricitystorageinsmartorintelligentgrids,etc.Inthisreview,firstlyageneralintroductionisgiventothecharge-discharg
6、emechanismof3dMOanodematerials.Then,adiscussionindetailismadetotherelationshipbetweenthexyelectrochemicalpropertiesandavarietyofstructuralcharacteristicsof3dMOandcompositeanodematerials,inxylightofthestructuralcharacteristicsof0dimensional(0D),1D,2D,3Dnano-structures,hollow,core/shell,micro/nano-str
7、uctures,andsoon.Moreover,someanalysesarefocusedmainlyonvariousstrategiesusedtofabricatedifferent3dMOanodematerials.Finally,itishighlightedtothefuturetrendsandprospectsinthexydevelopmentof3dMOanodemicr