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1、HeterogeneityofEpidermalGrowthFactorReceptorStatusandMutationsofKRAS/PIK3CAinCirculatingTumorCellsofPatientswithColorectalCancerClinicalChemistryNovember7,2012Studyintroduction美國國家癌癥綜合治療聯(lián)盟(NCCN)《結直腸癌臨床實踐指南》(2011)明確指出:(1)所有轉移性結直腸癌患者都應檢測KRAS基因狀態(tài);(2)只有KRAS野生型患者才建議接
2、受EGFR抑制劑(如愛必妥和帕尼單抗)治療。NCCN《非小細胞肺癌臨床實踐指南》(2011)明確指出:當KRAS基因發(fā)生突變時,不建議使用EGFR-TKIs靶向治療藥物。衛(wèi)生部頒布的《結直腸癌診療規(guī)范(2010年版)》也明確指出:確定為復發(fā)或轉移性結直腸癌時,檢測腫瘤組織KRAS基因狀態(tài),以確定合適的治療方案。1.?Amado?R?G,Wolf?M,Peeters?M,Van?Cutsem?E?et?al.?Journal?of?Clinical?Oncology.?April?2008.2.?Van?Cutsem?et?al
3、.?ASCO?Annual?Meeting?2008:?abstract?2.3.?Bokemeyer?et?al.?ASCO?Annual?Meeting?2008:?abstract?4000.4.?Lièvre?et?al.?J?Clin?Oncol?2008;26:374-9.5.美國FDA相關網(wǎng)站:http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CDER/ucm172905.htmEGFR是一種跨膜酪氨酸激酶受體,與配體結合后可引起下游信號傳導通路的活化,如:KRASBRAF(4
4、%–12%)RAS-RAF-MEK-Erk/MAPKPIK3CA(14%–20%)P13K-AKT-PKC-IKK在許多實體瘤中EGFR均有不同程度的表達,表達率最高為頭頸部腫瘤,達95%—100%。CRC次之,為72%—89%,胃癌表達率為41%—64%,并且EGFR表達率高的腫瘤惡性度高,侵襲力強,預后差。而且在同一患者中不同的CTCs中,EGFR的表達也存在著異質性。[1]GoldsteinNS,ArminM.Epidermalgrowthfactorreceptorimmunohistochemicalreactivi
5、tyinpatientswithAmericanJointCommitteeonCancerStageIVcolonadenocarcinoma:Implicationsforastandardizedscoringsystem[J].Cancer,2001,92(5):1331-1346.[2]BergstromJD,WestermarkB,HeldinNE.Epidermalgrowthfactorre-ceptorsignalingactivatesmetinhumananaplasticthyroidcarcinom
6、acells[J].ExperimentalCellResearch,2000,259(1):292-299.[3]DenningMF,DlugoszAA,ChengC,etal.Cross-talkbetweenepidermalgrowthfactorreceptorandproteinkinaseCduringcalciumnduceddifferentiationofkeratinoytes[J].ExperimentalDermatology,2000,9(3):192-199.Patients4Celllines
7、,cultureconditions,andfluorescenceinSituhybridizationanalysis(MCF,MDA-MB-468,BT-20,MDA-MB-468A)EnumerationofCTCsbyCS(FITC-thefourthchanneloftheCS)SamplepreparationformolecularanalysisafterCellSearchdetectionIsolationofCTCsbymicromanipulationWhole-GenomeAmplification
8、ofDNAfromsingletumorcellswiththeGenomePlexkitWGAofDNAfromsingletumorcellswiththeGenomiPhikitIdentificationofEGFRgeneamplificationsbyPCRonW