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1、thPresentedatthe12InternationalWorkshoponRFSuperconductivity(SRF2005),Ithaca,NY,July2005SRF060424-03*HIGH-βββCAVITYDESIGN–ATUTORIAL#SergeyBelomestnykhandValeryShemelinLaboratoryforElementary-ParticlePhysics,CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY14853Solutionstoproblemsareeasytofind:the
2、problem’sagreatcontribution.What’strulyanartistowringfromyourmindaproblemtofitasolution.LastThingsFirstP.HeinAbstractInthistutorialwedescribedesignprinciplesforhigh-βsuperconductingacceleratingcavities.BothRFandmechanicalaspectsofthecavitydesignarepresented.Wediscussapproach
3、estocavityshapeoptimizationandillustratetheseapproacheswithcomputersimulations.SUPERCONDUCTINGCAVITIESFORHIGH-ββββACCELERATORSAparticleacceleratorconsistsofmanysystemsthatmaketheaccelerationpossible:aparticlesource,avacuumchamber,afocusingsystemandmanyothers.Thedevicethatimm
4、ediatelyprovidestheaccelerationbyFigure1:Singlecellandmulticellellipticalcavities.impartingenergytothechargedparticlesisusuallyaTheterm“ellipticalcavity”meansthattheprofilelinemicrowaveresonantcavity.Normal-andsuper-ofthecavityconsistsofseveral(usuallytwo)ellipticarcsconduct
5、ingmaterialsareusedtofabricateacceleratingand,possibly,astraightlinesbetweenthem.Ancavities.Asoverthelasttwodecadesthescienceandequatorialarcservestwopurposes.Firstly,itwasfoundtechnologyofRFsuperconductivityhasevolvedand[3]thatthisshapeeliminatesmultipacting,whichwasmatured
6、[1],moreandmoremodernacceleratorsbeganlimitingperformanceofcylindricalpill-boxcavities.usingsuperconducting(SC)acceleratingstructures,whichLateron[4]itwasunderstoodthatusinganarcofoptimalhaveseveralattractivefeaturesascomparedtonormal-shapeinellipticalcavitiesmakesdistributi
7、onoftheconductingcavities.Themostsalientofthosefeaturesmagneticfieldalongthesurfacemoreuniformandthusarehighacceleratingfield,Eacc,incontinuouswave(CW)reducesthepeakvalueofthemagneticfieldinellipticalandlongpulseoperatingmodesandhighqualityfactorcavities.Thisinturnleadstohig
8、heracceleratingQ0,auniversalfigureofmeritcharacterizingtheratioofgradientsa
