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1、REVIEWSOFMODERNPHYSICS,VOLUME82,APRIL–JUNE2010Colloquium:QuantumnetworkswithtrappedionsL.-M.DuanDepartmentofPhysics,UniversityofMichigan,AnnArbor,Michigan48109,USAC.MonroeJointQuantumInstitute,UniversityofMarylandDepartmentofPhysicsandNationalInstituteofStandardsan
2、dTechnology,CollegePark,Maryland20742,USAPublished28April2010Quantumcomputationandcommunicationexploitthequantumpropertiesofsuperpositionandentanglementinordertoperformtasksthatmaybeimpossibleusingclassicalmeans.InthisColloquiumrecentexperimentalandtheoreticalpro
3、gressinthegenerationofentangledquantumnetworksbasedontheuseofopticalphotonsascarriersofinformationbetweenTxedtrappedatomicionquantummemoriesarereviewed.Takentogether,thesequantumplatformsofferapromisingvisionfortherealizationofalarge-scalequantumnetworkthatcouldimp
4、actthefutureofcommunicationandcomputation.DOI:10.1103/RevModPhys.82.1209PACSnumbers:03.67.Bg,03.67.Hk,42.50.ExCONTENTSpositionstates,suchas0+1,witharbitrarynormal-izedsuperpositioncoefTcientsand.Whenmorethanonesuchquantumbitqubitisconsidered,entangledI.
5、IntroductiontoQuantumNetworks1209A.Thedreamofaquantuminternet1209superpositionstatessuchas00+11canalsobeB.Probabilisticversusdeterministicapproachestocreated.Measurementsoftheentangledqubitsresultinquantumnetworks1210strongcorrelationseventhoughtheindivid
6、ualqubitsareC.PhysicalsystemsforimplementationofquantumnotwelldeTnedandmaynotevenhaveadirectlinkatnetworks1211thetimeofmeasurement.EntangledqubitsthuspossessII.TrappedIonQuantumNetworkExperiments1211anextraconnectionbetweenmemoryelementsthatisA.Atom-photonentanglem
7、ent1212absentwithclassicalbits.Withcleveruseofsuchen-B.Two-photoninterference1212tangledqubits,superfastcomputationandsecurecom-C.Ion-ionentanglement1213municationcanbeachievedwithinthenewdisciplineofD.Errorsandsuccessprobabilities1215quantuminformationprocessingN
8、ielsenandChuang,III.TheoreticalScalingTowardLarge-ScaleQuantum2000.Givensuchpromisingapplications,itisnaturaltoNetworks1216consideraquantuminter
