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1、THEEFFECTOFOCEANACIDIFICATIONONCORALREEFECOSYSTEMTheEffectofOceanAcidificationonCoralReefEcosystemyapuwang999619961EcosystemandEnvironmentChangeNovember26,201417THEEFFECTOFOCEANACIDIFICATIONONCORALREEFECOSYSTEMAbstractOceanacidificationhasbecomethemostserious
2、environmentalissue,whichismainlycausedbyincreasingCO2.Thehealthoftheworld’scoralreefecosystemhasbeeninjeopardysinceindustryrevolution,astheseawaterPHlevelshavebeendestroyedandthecarbonateequilibriumhaschanged.TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateonClimateChange(
3、IPCC)outlinedthatCO2levelsintheatmosphericshouldkeepataround800μL/L,asafelevelthatcouldensurethehealthofcoralreefecosystems.However,scientistspredictthatnotonlymaycoralsbemorepronetobleachingfromoceanacidificationinthefuture,butthisalsocouldinfluencetheliveso
4、fcoralreefecosystem.Scientificevidenceindicatesthattherootcauseofoceanacidificationisincreasingpressurefromglobalwarmingandhumanactivities;otherfactorsareemerging,suchassedimentationandeutrophication.Inordertoreducethedegreetowhichoceanacidificationinfluences
5、seaecosystems,along-termandsystematicmonitoringsystem,includinglaboratorytestingandseaexperiments,shouldbeestablished.Atthesametime,usingphysiologyandmolecularbiologytechniques,combinedwithecologyresearchtoolstostudycoralreefecosystemsonanindividual,community
6、,orevenawholeecosystemlevel,couldbeused.Inaddition,improvingtheadaptivecapabilityofmarineorganismsisalsoimportantinordertobepreparedtoaddresstheoceanacidificationsituationinthefuture.Keywords:CO2,globalwarming,oceanacidification,coralreefecosystem,calcificati
7、onrates,coralbleaching.17THEEFFECTOFOCEANACIDIFICATIONONCORALREEFECOSYSTEM1.IntroductionCO2concentrationintheatmosphereplaysakeyroleonregulatingtheglobalclimatesystemanditsvariousecosystems(CrowleyandBerner,2001).NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NO
8、AA)indicatedthatthefigures(Astable1shows)atMaunaLoaObservation(2011):beforetheindustrialrevolution,theCO2concentrationintheatmospherewasaround180-300μL/L.Sincetheindustrialrevolution,itha
